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Topic: Cancer vaccine

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	About the Cancer Vaccine Collaborative
		Cancer vaccines hold tremendous promise for the establishment of new, firstline therapies for cancer that are non-toxic, less-invasive, and longer-lasting than current treatments.
		The creation of the Cancer Vaccine Collaborative was a direct answer to the dearth of coordinated clinical research being done in the field, a want that was seriously hampering the translation of laboratory research into viable clinical therapies in a timely manner.
		The Cancer Vaccine Collaborative (CVC), a partnership established by the Cancer Research Institute in New York and the international Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research (LICR), has announced that it is the first to demonstrate that vaccination with a cancer-specific recombinant protein antigen has successfully induced a fully integrated immunological response in humans.
	www.cancerresearch.org /CancerVaccineCollaborative/about.html (1536 words)

	Cancer vaccine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A cancer vaccine is generally considered an immunotherapy, because, unlike prophylactic vaccines against diseases such as polio, influenza, and tuberculosis, a cancer vaccine is not preventive and must be administered after cancerous cells develop.
		Note that the HPV vaccine is not a cancer vaccine as described above.
		Renal cancer and melanoma are the two cancers with most evidence of causing spontaneous and effective immune responses, possibly because they often display antigens that are recognized as foreign.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cancer_vaccine (410 words)

	Cancer Vaccine Resan for Tumor Treatment
		In the immunotherapy of cancers, the vaccine is most effective as an antimetastatic drug: especially when used in combination with the surgical treatment of cancers - resection of primary tumor.
		A complex immunotherapy is prescribed for the treatment of advanced cancers, especially if the cancer has grown up to the III and IV stages, which includes: the maximum resection of the primary tumor and visible metastases, use of anti-cancer vaccine, use of cytokines, use of thyroid hormones.
		The other important moment is that the cancer vaccine - Resan, working as the imitators of tumor antigens, prevents recurrences after the surgical treatment of cancers (malignant tumours) and increases the average life expectancy of patients with late stage cancers.
	www.anticancer.net (312 words)

	Harvard Gazette: Lung cancer vaccine under development
		A trial vaccine given to 25 patients in advanced stages of the disease has produced what researchers call "encouraging results." Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in North America and Europe.
		The vaccine is therapeutic rather than preventive, designed to allow patients to live longer, not to prevent the disease.
		Vaccines against foreign invaders initiate potent attacks on foreign viruses and bacteria, but tumors are not that foreign; they're part of the "self." Once initiated, an immune attack needs reinforcement.
	www.news.harvard.edu /gazette/2003/03.13/01-vaccine.html (1013 words)

	Cancer Vaccine Fact Sheet - National Cancer Institute
		Cancer vaccines are intended either to treat existing cancers (therapeutic vaccines) or to prevent the development of cancer (prophylactic vaccines).
		Vaccines used to treat cancers take advantage of the fact that certain molecules on the surface of cancer cells are either unique or more abundant than those found on normal or non-cancerous cells.
		Cancer cell antigens may be unique to individual tumors, shared by several tumor types, or expressed by the normal tissue from which a tumor grows.
	www.cancer.gov /newscenter/pressreleases/cancervaccines (3376 words)

	Helping the Immune System Fight Cancer
		A vaccine for breast cancer may consist of an antigen cocktail of weakened or essentially dead elements of breast cancer cells that could stimulate an antibody response.
		The cancer vaccine might be prepared from your own deactivated cancer cells, or from extracts of breast cancer cells cultivated in a laboratory.
		The cancer vaccine, however, results in a LIMITED number of antibodies against the specific cancer cell antigens that were in the ORIGINAL vaccine preparation.
	www.breastcancer.org /immune_fight_cancer.html (818 words)

	News from ACS: Breast cancer vaccine induces immunity in some advanced breast cancer patients
		CHICAGO - A vaccine targeted against a peptide that is present in one out of three women with breast cancer has resulted in immunity for more than a year and a half in a small group of patients who generally have a high rate of disease recurrence after treatment.
		The vaccine tested by surgeons at Walter Reed Army Medical Center is directed at the E75 peptide, one of the epidermal growth factor receptors that are present on the cell surfaces of the HER2/neu protein.
		To assess the effectiveness of the vaccine in a larger, more typical breast cancer population, Dr. Shriver and his associates have opened a clinical treatment trial in women with cancer that is confined to the breast.
	www.facs.org /2003clincon/press/prshriver.html (928 words)

	Cancer Vaccine Resan
		The vaccine possesses a vast and strong antitumoral properties due to a unique combination of telomerase antigen imitators together with more than 40 other tumor specific antigen imitators in its composition.
		The main components of the vaccine are glycoproteins which imitate particular fragments of tumor antigens.
		The general symptoms of the side effects may be due to the sensibilization of an organism by tumor antigens or introduction of a vaccine in the presence of an intercurrent infection.
	www.anticancer.net /vaccine.html (1255 words)

	New Scientist Will cancer vaccine get to all women? - News
		While vaccination could slash infection rates, its cancer-preventing benefits will not be evident for decades, as it will take that long for vaccinated girls to reach an age when they might otherwise have developed cancer.
		Vaccines are producing good results in clinical trials, and the first could be licensed as early as next year.
		She feels that such attitudes may mean that HPV vaccination may be a non-starter in such communities.
	www.newscientist.com /channel/sex/mg18624954.500 (853 words)

	Alternative Cancer Vaccine and Vaccines, Medicine, Treatment, Therapy
		Vaccines are designed to stimulate the immune system to mount an immune response against the target in the vaccine.
		Cancer vaccines are designed to introduce molecules expressed on cancer cells into the body in a new way that awakens the immune system to respond and destroy the cancer cell.
		While some cancer vaccines are designed to stimulate an immune response based solely on the presence of antigens, others are being developed that utilize antigens as well as cytokines to mount an attack against cancer cells.
	www.immunemedicine.com /cancer-vaccines.asp (1331 words)

	Harvard Gazette: Cancer vaccine
		Tumors were eliminated in 25 percent of patients with widespread kidney and lethal skin cancers who received a new cancer vaccine.
		Another patient suffered from kidney cancer that had spread to her brain, an extremely hard situation to treat.
		In contrast to vaccines against flu or polio, which prevent these diseases, the hybrid vaccine causes the body to reject tumor cells already present.
	www.news.harvard.edu /gazette/2000/11.02/01-cancer.html (1003 words)

	PATH : Cervical cancer vaccine
		Clinical trials show that the new vaccines are safe and nearly 100 percent effective against the main cancer-causing strains of HPV when women are vaccinated before they’ve been exposed to the virus.
		We are preparing the way for the new HPV vaccines by providing decision-makers with the information they need to decide whether and how to add the vaccines to their health programs.
		The vaccine is most effective if given to girls before they have been exposed to the virus during sex, but in the developing world, pre-teens and adolescents rarely access health services unless they are ill. We will need new strategies to reach these girls.
	www.path.org /projects/cervical_cancer_vaccine.php (781 words)

	Cervical Cancer Vaccine Passes Major Hurdle
		The results of a major clinical trial of the vaccine show that it was 100% effective in preventing persistent infection with two strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV) that account for the majority of cervical cancer cases.
		In the 1930s, cervical cancer was the leading cause of cancer death in the U.S. Midway through the 20th Century Pap tests were introduced that screened for the presence of abnormal growths or lesions in the cervix that were likely to become cancerous.
		Cervical cancer vaccine researcher Ault says that while his grandmother may have lost many of her friends to cervical cancer in her era, and his wife benefited from screening with the Pap test in hers, he expects his daughters to benefit from this HPV vaccine.
	www.webmd.com /content/article/97/103992.htm (414 words)

	New Breast Cancer Vaccine Trial to Target Early-Stage Cancers
		The UNMC breast cancer vaccine protocol was developed by Dr. Cowan, James Talmadge, Ph.D., professor of pathology and microbiology at UNMC, and Elizabeth Reed, M.D., associate professor of internal medicine and director of the UNMC Breast Cancer Program.
		The patients will be randomized to receive the vaccine throughout the course of chemotherapy and radiation, or they will get all doses of the vaccine at the end of their treatment.
		The study will accept patients who've had surgery to remove the cancer, but if a patient has had any prior chemotherapy or radiation, she is not a candidate.--Patients must have tumor expression for the P53 gene mutation --Patients cannot have metastatic illness.--Patients must have four positive lymph nodes or tumors larger than 3 centimeters.
	www.cancercompass.com /cancer-news/1,9509,00.htm?rss=y (939 words)

	Cancer Vaccine Discovered
		This vaccine has been found to prevent the onset of cervical cancer, the cancer responsible for roughly 85% of total annual cancer cases worldwide.
		The description clearly states that this vaccine is effective in preventing the ONSET of cervical cancer, not preventing or curing the cancer itself, although I'm not aware whether cervical cancer is a great concern if one has been vaccinated against the HPV virus.
		The article refers to "Two cervical cancer vaccines are currently being developed" and discusses "Americans' attitudes toward a potential cervical cancer vaccine" and "Researchers do not yet know the booster requirements for cervical cancer vaccines." The article calls it a cancer vaccine.
	digg.com /science/Cancer_Vaccine_Discovered (2991 words)

	ACS :: Colon Cancer Vaccine
		The first three vaccinations were made from a mixture of neutralized cancer cells taken from the patient and bacteria to boost the immune system.
		The greatest success with the vaccination group was in patients with stage II disease; the rate of recurrence decreased 61 percent, and the survival rate improved by 50 percent.
		The vaccine may be ineffective in these cases because there are too many tumor cells to kill, said Herbert M. Pinedo, MD, one of the study authors and a professor in the Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije University, Amsterdam.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/NWS/content/NWS_3_1x_Colon_Cancer_Vaccine.asp (608 words)

	New Prostate Cancer Vaccine
		Doctors at the University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center have started a Phase II clinical study of a new prostate cancer vaccine to harness the body’s immune system to prevent recurrence of the disease.
		The vaccine will be tested in men diagnosed with prostate cancer who have had their prostate surgically removed, but still have detectable levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in their blood.
		The vaccine is a modified fragment of the protein PSA and may stimulate the immune system to find and attack circulating prostate cancer cells.
	www.umm.edu /news/releases/new_vaccine.html (779 words)

	Cervical Cancer Vaccine Nearing FDA Review
		Vaccinated women would still need to get Pap tests to check for abnormalities in their cervical cells.
		That vaccine is made from bacteria, which is "a relatively inexpensive way to make a vaccine," researcher Richard Roden, PhD, of Johns Hopkins University, told reporters in the conference call.
		The vaccines being worked on by Roden, Wu, and colleagues are in the early stages of development.
	www.webmd.com /content/Article/114/111307.htm (466 words)

	Oncophage personalized cancer vaccine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Injection of the vaccine is intended to stimulate the patient’s immune system to recognize and attack any cells bearing the specific cancer fingerprint.
		The primary goal of the study is to establish the feasibility, safety and preliminary efficacy of Oncophage vaccination in glioma patients.
		Preliminary analysis of data from a Phase 3 trial of Oncophage in kidney cancer in the adjuvant setting indicates a trend in favor of Oncophage for recurrence-free survival and against Oncophage for overall survival; additional analysis is ongoing.
	www.antigenics.com /products/cancer/oncophage (629 words)

	Cancer Vaccine Created by University of Minnesota Cancer Center Researchers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Unlike vaccines that are used to prevent disease (such as the polio vaccine), the Large Multivalent Immunogen (LMI) cancer vaccine is intended to treat people who already have cancer.
		The vaccine is being tested on patients with metastatic or stage IV disease.
		In this study, prostate cancer cell lines are used to generate the LMI vaccine.
	www.cancer.umn.edu /page/lmi.html (831 words)

	Vaccine for Cervical Cancer? - National Cancer Institute
		vaccine prevented women from becoming persistently infected with a virus that is associated with half of all cervical cancers, researchers reported in the November 21, 2002, issue of the New England Journal of Medicine (see the journal abstract of the study).
		There are other efforts to develop a cervical cancer vaccine, as well, including one trial sponsored by NCI that is not yet open to enrollment.
		A vaccine that prevented the HPV infections known to be behind most cervical cancers would be a powerful addition to disease prevention strategies.
	www.cancer.gov /clinicaltrials/results/cervical-cancer-vaccine1102 (833 words)

	Cervical cancer vaccine: Who needs it, how it works - MayoClinic.com
		In the United States — where cervical cancer strikes about 10,000 women a year and causes up to 4,000 deaths — the impact of the cervical cancer vaccine will be tremendous.
		The cervical cancer vaccine is recommended for girls ages 11 to 12, although it may be used in girls as young as age 9.
		The cervical cancer vaccine is part of the routine childhood vaccines schedule.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/cervical-cancer-vaccine/WO00120 (1035 words)

	ACS :: HPV Vaccine Approved; Prevents Cervical Cancer
		Cancer experts hailed the decision as an important step toward reducing death and suffering from cervical cancer.
		In clinical trials involving 21,000 women and teenage girls, the vaccine was nearly 100% effective in preventing pre-cancerous cervical changes caused by HPV 16 and 18.
		The vaccine is given in 3 separate shots over a period of 6 months.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/NWS/content/NWS_1_1x_HPV_Vaccine_Approved_Prevents_Cervical_Cancer.asp (732 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Health \| Cervical cancer vaccine success
		A vaccine to protect women from one of the biggest cancer killers could be available within five years.
		Early clinical trials of a vaccine for cervical cancer have shown that it is 100% effective.
		The vaccine works by triggering the body's immune system to attack the human papiloma virus (HPV), which has been linked to almost all cases of cervical cancer.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/health/2495029.stm (528 words)

	Can Smallpox Vaccine Fight Cancer? - CBS News
		These are not classic inoculations like the flu shot or even regular smallpox vaccine, which teach the body to recognize and subdue an invading virus or germ, preventing illness.
		The hope with therapeutic cancer vaccines is to train powerful immune-system T cells to more easily spot and attack malignant cells.
		One patient saw her lung cancer disappear, and others who were expected to die within the year instead lived two years and counting.
	www.cbsnews.com /stories/2003/03/31/health/main547075.shtml (860 words)

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