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	Canister shot - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Canister shot was a kind of anti-personnel ammunition used in cannons.
		Canister shot consisted of a closed cylindrical metal canister typically filled with round lead or iron balls, normally packed with sawdust to add more solidity to the mass and to prevent the balls from crowding each other when the round was fired.
		The canister itself was usually made of tin, often dipped in a lacquer of beeswax diluted with turpentine to prevent oxidation and rusting of the metal.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Canister_shot (512 words)

	Weapons
		A peculiarity of canister shot was the color of the smoke that attended the firing of canister.
		Canister shot, like case shot and grape shot, was chosen for use based on the distance of the enemy from the piece, and the efficacy of ammunition required for that distance.
		Canister shot would break apart as a result of the explosive force of the propelling charge, scattering its load of shot after the fashion of a shotgun blast.
	www.main-family.com /military/weapons.html (769 words)

	Artillery Glossary
		The shot is centered in the lathe by means of a square-headed screw in the axis of the wheel.
		In turning the shot it is made to revolve upon that diameter which coincides with the axis of the lathe, while the movement of the tool-rest, as above described, brings the tool in contact with all of the surface which is not covered by the supports.
		Canisters for smooth-bore field-guns are fixed in the same manner as shot, except that the first tie is made in the upper groove of the sabot; the cylinder is tied in the lower groove.
	www.civilwarartillery.com /glossary/glossaryf.htm (11592 words)

	Cannon
		The advantage of the height that a projectile could be shot from a mortar was that a bomb could be timed to burst overtop a group of soldiers and cause widespread injury as it fell to the ground.
		Projectiles shot from a howitzer could, like that of the mortar, reach behind a fortification's walls; but the greater advantage of the howitzer over the mortar and gun was that larger size projectiles could be handled by the howitzer.
		Grape shot was small round shot packed in a canister that would be exploded by a fuze, so that it did not scatter until some time after the projectile left the muzzle of the cannon.
	www.motherbedford.com /Cannon.htm (3095 words)

	Tin Case Shot or Canister Shot in the 18th Century for Artillery
		One reference notes that tin case shot was recommended for field service on the grounds that it was more compact and less expensive, and the inference is that before this date, some other form of grape shot had been in use.
		The canister was made of iron galvanized with a coating of tin, with joints soldered together like any tin can, with the only difference being that the base consisted of a wooden disc known as a bottom.
		While grape shot is well known to be a load of iron shot, the description as grape of a load of 352 musket balls is quite clearly incorrect.
	www.militaryheritage.com /caseshot.htm (2202 words)

	Probert Encyclopaedia: Artillery (C) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The fragmentation ammunition consists of a canister round containing over 1100 steel pellets and can be fired to a range of 300 meters and has a lethal radius of 50 meters from the burst point.
		Canister shot was a kind of case shot for cannons, in which a number of lead or iron balls in layers were enclosed in a case fitting the gun.
		The weapon uses a blowback operation and is air-cooled, firing standard high-velocity 40 mm grenades to a maximum range of 2200 meters at a rate of fire of single shot at automatic at between 350 and 500 rounds-per-minute, fed from a disintegrating link belt.
	www.probertencyclopaedia.com /FYD.HTM (1806 words)

	Civil War
		Canister was basically a tin packed with sawdust and musket balls which, when fired, spread out and turned the artillery piece into a giant shotgun.
		Grape shot was widely used in the 19th century wars, but by the time of the American Civil War, grape was primarily used by navel gun crews.
		Similar to canister, grape shot consisted of meat balls, but unlike canister which fired 76 balls, a round of grape shot consisted of nine or so balls and were usually not packed in cans.
	www.onlineessays.com /essays/history/his062.php (1557 words)

	Instruction
		The solid shot is spherical, and its weight in pounds is used to designate the calibre of the gun to which it belongs.
		The Shrapnell, or spherical ease shot, is a hollow cast-iron shot forming a case which is filled with musket balls.
		The Shrapnell shot, so called from the name of its inventor, an officer of the British artillery, produces the same effect as the canister, and can be used for much greater distances.
	www.usregulars.com /IFA/IFA_03.htm (1127 words)

	Authentic Campaigner Website & Forums, v 3.0.3 - General Order No. 2 (1864)
		Shot and, in rare cases, shell should be used against log stockades, barricades, andc., and for sweeping a wood--to which latter purpose shrapnel and canister are not well adapted--and also against deep columns of cavalry, taken in the prolongation of the column.
		Canister may be fired with great advantage into the edge or skirts of a wood which is about to be charged by our infantry, and against the flank of an enemy's battery at close quarters, under which circumstances the canister-shot are very destructive to both men and horses.
		In no case, except when firing canister at short ranges, should the rate exceed one round from each gun in two minutes; and that rate should only be reached at critical moments, when the distance, numbers, and formation of the enemy are such that the fire is sure to be effective.
	www.authentic-campaigner.com /forum/showthread.php?t=5880 (4140 words)

	shot - Definition, Synonyms, and Reference from OnPedia.com
		masse, masse shot - a shot in billiards made by hitting the cue ball with the cue held nearly vertically; the cue ball spins around another ball before hitting the object ball
		canister, canister shot, case shot - a metallic cylinder packed with shot and used as ammunition in a firearm
		shot - an aggressive remark directed at a person like a missile and intended to have a telling effect; "his parting shot was `drop dead'"; "she threw shafts of sarcasm"; "she takes a dig at me every chance she gets"
	www.onpedia.com /dictionary/shot (1377 words)

	Weapons of the American Civil War
		Solid shot and shell were used against long-range, fixed targets such as fortifications; chain shot, consisting of two balls connected by a chain, was used primarily against masts and rigging of ships.
		Canister projectiles came packed in a tin can while grape shot was usually wrapped in a cloth or canvas covering and tied with string which made it look like a bunch of grapes.
		In effect, then, a gun loaded with grape shot or canister acted like a large, sawed-off shotgun; it was particularly lethal when fired at a range of 250 yards or less.
	www.civilwarhome.com /weapons.htm (1881 words)

	El Nuevo Constante
		Grape shot is a cluster of several small balls tied or wrapped with canvas in a bundle.
		Canister shot refers to small shot enclosed in a wooden or metal canister that burst open upon firing.
		Generally, lead was used forr canister shot while iron was used for grape shot.
	www.crt.state.la.us /archaeology/nuevo/artifact.htm (1440 words)

	Battery B, 4th U.S. Light Artillery - The Mountain Howitzer
		Spherical case shot was a hollow, round iron shell, filled with musket balls packed in sulfur with a small bursting charge of gunpowder.
		Most Civil War canister contained iron shot, but canister rounds for the mountain howitzer were crammed with a load of 148.69-caliber lead musket balls.
		A round of canister burst when the cannon was fired, blasting its load of musket balls out of the muzzle as if fired from a tremendous sawed-off shotgun.
	www.batteryb.com /mountain_howitzer.html (2856 words)

	Official Report (2) of the Siege of Fort Texas (Fort Brown)
		At half-past 2, p.m., a regular bombardment with shot and shells from a howitzer and the mortars was kept-up with little intermission until sunset.
		The firing of round shot was kept up for two hours, and that of shells until half-past four, when it became very distinct; it lasted until nearly seven, p.m.; this we supposed to be an action between our forces and the enemy.
		During the previous night the halyards of the flag on the outside had become unrigged, and, as the firing had become too intense to re-establish them, a temporary staff was erected on the inside, and the national flag of the 7th infantry raised as a substitute.
	www.dmwv.org /mexwar/documents/fttexas2.htm (1638 words)

	Civil War Artillery - Ammunition
		Although the number of case shot balls was small, isolating the bursting charge to their rear with an iron plate threw them forward with even deadlier force than other styles of case shot.
		The basic concept, however, varied little; a sabot ring (in the case of the solid shot on the left, a canvas-covered iron sheet) was expanded by the explosive force passing through slots in the base of the shot.
		Solid shot, canister and grape all operate on the same principle as musket fire; the projectiles are simply flung at the enemy by exploding a large charge of powder behind them.
	www.cwartillery.org /artammo.html (2839 words)

	Instruction
		Solid shot should be used from 350 yards upwards: the use of canister should begin at 350 yards, and the rapidity of the fire increase as the range diminishes.
		The range of a shot or shell in this table is the distance from the piece to the point at which the first graze of the ball is made on horizontal ground, the piece being mounted on its appropriate field carriage.
		The range of a spherical case shot is the distance at which the shot bursts near the ground in the time given, thus showing the elevation, and the length of fuze required for certain distances.
	www.usregulars.com /IFA/IFA_10.htm (1881 words)

	Life In The Great Midwest: The Worlds Largest Shotgun
		"Canister" or "grape" consists of loading a shell (or in the case of older artillery, just stuffing the stuff down the cannon in front of the powder) with hundreds of steel balls, shards, nails or other sharp and destructive objects and shooting them at the enemy.
		Naval shot also included "chain" shot where a large chain was actually fired out of the cannon, again to foul the rigging.
		Getting shot at with canister is obviously something that you just cannot imagine as if you were getting shot at with it you probably didn't live to tell about it.
	lifeinthegreatmidwest.blogspot.com /2006/04/worlds-largest-shotgun.html (1076 words)

	AP INNOVATIONS
		Chain shot (two balls connected by a chain) was mainly used against masts and riggings of ships.
		The canister and grape shot were scattershot projectiles made up of small iron balls encased in containers.
		A gun loaded with canister or grape shot acted like a large, sawed-off shotgun—it was made lethal around the firing range of 250 yards.
	www.tjhsst.edu /~gkannark/1860_01.htm (643 words)

	Yorktown Artillery 1781
		The solid ball [shot] was primarily used to destroy forts and cannons, while both grape shot and canister shot were used as anti-personnel weapons.
		Grape shot and canister shot consisted of small pellets that would scatter when fired against an advancing enemy.
		Hot shot was a regular cannonball heated until it was red hot.
	xenophongroup.com /mcjoynt/yrtnarty.htm (1612 words)

	Cannon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Initially, round shot was made of iron but was soon replaced by stone balls, particularly for larger pieces, due to the cost of metals in the 14th and 15th centuries.
		The round shot were sometimes covered in lead to reduce windage.
		Shotguns were developed as essentially small cannons, having been first named in Kentucky in the 18th Century; their size, expressed in gauge, is expressed in the fraction of a pound that a round shot of a diameter equal to their barrel bore diameter would be.
	cannon.iqnaut.net (1420 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The shot could be set with a short or long fuse depending on what type of target the cannon was firing at.
		Canister Shot was a close range weapon designed to fire many small bullets, (the size of grapes), rather than one large ball.
		Canister however was very different, it could destroy a unit at close range.
	home.earthlink.net /~historygate/ACWrules/civilwarp49.htm (529 words)

	[No title]
		the solid shot capaillity in the anti personel for the navy was from the debri from a shell strike.
		On the land grape shot and canister were mixed at first creating a multi range round.
		canister was not developed until the 1800's exploding shells were the original longer range anti personel rounds.
	www.strategypage.com /messageboards/messages/4-624.asp (1768 words)

	[No title]
		Canister shot, used at ranges of less than 500 yards, consisted of a thin-walled metal canister filled with 1-inch diameter iron balls.
		With a double load of canisters, it could spew 74 of the iron balls into advancing troops.
		The first shot was used to check the range.
	www.bedfordbulletin.com /articles/2006/01/18/news/news08.txt (359 words)

	Canonized - Uncyclopedia
		Two sub-calibre round shot (a good deal smaller than the bore of the barrel) linked by a length of chain or a solid bar, and used to slash through the rigging and sails of an enemy ship so that it could no longer manoeuvre.
		An anti-personnel weapon which included several small round shot or lead musket bullets in a metal can along with a handfull of change, which broke up when fired, scattering the shot throughout the enemy personnel, like a large shotgun.
		An anti-personnel weapon, similar to canister shot, but with a can that was much more robust and which also contained a fused explosive charge, trimmed to explode above the heads of the enemy, spreading shot and can fragments in the form of shrapnel over the enemy.
	www.uncyclopedia.org /wiki/Canonized (348 words)

	Introduction to Civil War Artillery
		Canister consisted of tin cylinders filled with iron shot, or musket balls, which would explode into a mass of troops, wreaking devastation.
		Solid shot was used for battering and against massed troops, while shell was used against earthworks and troops under cover.
		Although experiments were made using canister shot as shells, the gun crews were unable to remain at their guns under the shower of metal.
	ehistory.osu.edu /uscw/features/regimental/artillery.cfm (1958 words)

	CPL A Storm of Shot and Shell: Weapons of the CIvil War Selection of Images from the Exibit
		This is the so-called "Bird-Cage" pattern, manufactured as a solid shot (like the one that killed Surgeon Potter, elsewhere in the exhibit), or as a shell with fuse, like this example (fuse missing).
		Thirty-one iron or steel balls were placed in the canister, which was then attached to the wooden sabot with four tacks.
		Canister was formed into a cylinder from a rectangle of tin.
	www.chipublib.org /003cpl/civilwar_catalog.html (2987 words)

	Chemical light wand
		Place the spool of shot line in the canister and feed the line from the center of the spool through the hole in front of the canister.
		These lines (shot line and loop line) are connected by a series of loosely tied half-hitch knots (three to five).
		The canister is part of the Mod 0 kit and should be retained for optional use with the Mod 1 kit.
	www.tpub.com /gunners/71.htm (584 words)

	Battery B, 4th U.S. Light Artillery - Civil War Field Artillery
		For long-range work, guns fired a type of ammunition called solid shot, or shot, which was nothing more than a solid iron ball similar to that used in shot-putting.
		Rifling the inside of the barrel of a cannon with spiral grooves and using a shot or shell that tightly fit the rifling imparted a spin to the projectile that greatly improved its range and accuracy.
		It combined some of the deadly effects of canister with the range of shell, and consisted of a thin spherical shell containing several small iron or lead balls, a small charge of powder just powerful enough to burst the shell, and a fuze.
	www.batteryb.com /field_artillery.html (2123 words)

	THE HORSE SOLDIER - John Geiselman Collection - Grouping #16 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The round canister shot that is sometimes referred to as 'grape' measures 1, 1 ¼ and 1 ½ inches in diameter.
		SINGLE U.S. This single canister round was recovered from the Peach Orchard on the Gettysburg battlefield sometime after the fighting.
		This grouping of iron canister balls, recovered from the fields of the Rose Farm at Gettysburg, is identified in John Geiselman's collection by his contemporary inscribed labels.
	www.horsesoldier.com /catalog/c0090.html (5237 words)

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