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Topic: Cannabinoids

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	Cannabinoids - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Herbal cannabinoids occur naturally only in the cannabis plant, and are concentrated in a viscous resin that is produced in glandular structures known as trichomes.
		In addition to cannabinoids, the resin is rich in terpenes, which are largely responsible for the odor of the cannabis plant.
		Historically, laboratory synthesis of cannabinoids were often based on the structure of herbal cannabinoids and a large number of analogs have been produced and tested, especially in a group led by Roger Adams as early as 1941 and later in a group led by Raphael Mechoulam.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cannabinoid (1571 words)

	Cannabinoids and Pain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Cannabinoids can induce euphoria and a wide variety of behavioral effects, such as changes in attention, deficits in movement and cognitive impairment.
		Cannabinoid substances activated the RVM cells that stop pain signals and inactivated the RVM cells that pump up pain signals.
		The researchers suspect that the cannabinoid blocks pain enhancing molecules that are released after an injury and cuts off a nerve pain signal before it reaches the spinal cord.
	www.unc.edu /gform-links/courses/pre2000fall/psyc070c/cannabinoids.html (766 words)

	Chapter 2: Cannabinoids and Animal Physiology \| Marijuana and Medicine: Assessing the Science Base \| Institute of ...
		The cannabinoid receptor is a typical member of the largest known family of receptors: the G protein-coupled receptors with their distinctive pattern in which the receptor molecule spans the cell membrane seven times (Figure 2.2).
		Cannabinoids mainly inhibit the transmission of neural signals, and they inhibit movement through their actions on the basal ganglia and cerebellum, where cannabinoid receptors are particularly abundant (Figure 2.6).
		Thus, cannabinoids appear to be conforming to some of the neurobiological effects of other drugs abused by humans, but the underlying mechanisms of these actions and their value for determining the reinforcement and dependence liability of cannabinoids in humans remain undetermined.
	books.nap.edu /html/marimed/ch2.html (11732 words)

	Encyclopedia: Cannabinoids
		Cannabinoids that bind more selectively to certain receptors are more desirable for medical usage.
		Historically, this synthesis was often based on the structure of herbal cannabinoids and a large number of analogs have been produced and tested, especially in a group led by Roger Adams as early as 1941 and later in a group led by Raphael Mechoulam.
		Created by Pfizer in 1974, CP-55940 is a cannabinoid which mimics the effects of naturally occurring THC (The psychoactive compound found in marijuana).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Cannabinoids (3166 words)

	TSRI - News and Publications
		Cannabinoid drugs have powerful psychoactive properties and alter many physiologic processes in the brain via activation of specific receptors.
		Cannabinoid agonists prevent the induction of long-term potentiation, the electrophysiologic model for learning and memory, by activating central cannabinoid receptors (CB1 receptors).
		These results indicate that endogenously formed cannabinoids control the enhancement of synaptic activity in the hippocampus and suggest that the endogenous cannabinoid system may serve as a "brake" to limit the level of potentiation and modulate synaptic plasticity.
	www.scripps.edu /news/sr/sr98/npgen26.htm (390 words)

	Erowid Cannabis Vault : Cannabis Neuroprotective?
		Cannabinoids are, loosely, chemicals that are similar in structure to the psychoactive components in cannabis and/or chemicals that activate the cannabinoid receptor system in the body.
		The mechanisms by which the cannabinoids reduce damage from both toxic and traumatic injury to the brain are not yet fully understood.
		Although some researchers have suggested that the cannabinoids may offer protection through a strong antioxidant effect, this is now considered unlikely to account for much of the protection, since cannabinoid-receptor antagonists block the beneficial effects and the doses of the cannabinoids given are very low.
	www.erowid.org /plants/cannabis/cannabis_science1.shtml (603 words)

	Chapter 2 -- CANNABINOIDS AND ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY
		Cannabinoids mainly inhibit the transmission of neural signals, and they inhibit movement through their actions on the basal ganglia and cerebellum, where cannabinoid receptors are particularly abundant (figure 2.6a and 2.6b).
		Cannabinoids also modulate the responses of on-cells and off-cells in the rostral ventral medulla in a manner that is very similar to that of morphine.
		Thus, while cannabinoids appear to be conforming to some of the neurobiological effects of other drugs abused by humans, the underlying mechanisms of these actions and their significance in determining the reinforcement and dependence liability of cannabinoids in humans remain undetermined.
	mojo.calyx.net /~olsen/MEDICAL/IOM/iom2.html (14342 words)

	THC Ministry :: Community :: View topic - Cannabinoids are in every living animal on the planet...
		Cannabinoids are in every living animal on the planet...
		Cannabinoids do kill brain cells, but the brain cells they kill are called "Glieoma" or Cancer of the brain(Tumor).
		Cannabinoids represent a general class of chemicals, not just cannabis & THC in plants, but rather also cannabinoids that are produced in our bodies.
	www.thc-ministry.net /forum/viewtopic.php?t=17 (2523 words)

	eMedicine - CBRNE - Incapacitating Agents, Cannabinoids : Article by Gregory R Bell, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Cannabinoids are lipid soluble and are distributed rapidly throughout the body's tissues, where they are released slowly and metabolized.
		Although cannabinoid receptors are present on T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes, the effect of cannabis on their numbers or humoral function in the human body have not been demonstrated conclusively.
		Cannabinoids are detected for an average of 1-2 days and for as long as 7 days after a single marijuana cigarette.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic921.htm (3976 words)

	Wired News: Another Cannabis Drug Sans Buzz
		Pharmos' cannabinoids are derivatives of a compound discovered by Hebrew University of Jerusalem professor Raphael Mechoulam and licensed to the company.
		Paul Mallet, a behavioral pharmacologist researching cannabinoids at Australia's University of New England, is interested in Pharmos' new compounds.
		Steven Childer of the department of physiology and pharmacology at Wake Forest University is conducting work on cannabinoids in the brain, for example.
	www.wired.com /news/culture/0,1284,50762,00.html (773 words)

	Cannabinoids in the treatment of symptoms in cancer and AIDS
		Cannabis sativa is the scientific name of the Indian hemp plant; Cannabinoids are the biologically active compounds in the plant.
		The effects of THC are mediated through cannabinoid receptors - CB1 in neural tissue and CB2, in non-neural tissues.
		Dronabinol is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to cannabinoids or sesame oil (component of the capsule).
	www.mywhatever.com /cifwriter/library/eperc/fastfact/ff93.html (777 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Health \| 'Cannabis' brain tumour drug hope
		Chemicals called cannabinoids could starve tumours to death by halting the growth of blood vessels that feed it, the Complutense University team hope.
		Previous research has shown cannabinoids block the growth of blood vessels in mice, but little is known about how these chemicals do this and whether they might do the same in human tumours.
		Cannabinoids appeared to stifle VEGF production by increasing the activity of a substance that controls cell death, called ceramide.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/health/3561686.stm (505 words)

	Cannabinoids for control of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting: quantitative systematic -- Tramèr et al. ...
		Cannabinoids for control of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting: quantitative systematic -- Tramèr et al.
		in favour of cannabinoids was significant (table 2).
		Cannabinoids suppress synaptic input to neurones of the rat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/323/7303/16 (4409 words)

	Therapeutic aspects of cannabis and cannabinoids -- ROBSON 178 (2): 107 -- The British Journal of Psychiatry
		Abrahamov, A. Abrahamov, A. and Mechoulam, R. An efficient new cannabinoid anti-emetic in pediatric oncology.
		Fabre, L. and McLendon, D. The efficacy and safety of nabilone (a synthetic cannabinoid) in the treatment of anxiety.
		Pertwee, R. Pharmacological, physiological and clinical implications of the discovery of cannabinoid receptors: an overview.
	bjp.rcpsych.org /cgi/content/full/178/2/107 (4405 words)

	Cannabinoids destroy cancer
		The article, titled Cannabinoids: potential anti-cancer agents, outlines the human body's system of cannabinoid receptors, and explains how cannabinoids work to decrease nausea, increase appetite and inhibit pain.
		However, most interesting is the section titled Antitumour effects of cannabinoids, where author Manuel Guzmán shows that cannabinoids destroy many forms of tumors and cancer cells.
		Titled Antineoplastic activity of cannabinoids, this study was funded by the US National Institute of Health, and performed by researchers at the Medical College of Virginia.
	cannabisculture.com /articles/3254.html (542 words)

	ICRS -The International Cannabinoid Research Society
		The ICRS is dedicated to research in all fields of the cannabinoids, ranging from biochemical, chemical and physiological studies of the endogenous cannabinoid system to studies of the abuse potential of recreational cannabis.
		In addition to acting as a source for impartial information on cannabis and the cannabinoids, the main role of the ICRS is to provide a forum for researchers to meet and discuss their results.
		Our aim for this webpage is to provide information to members of the society on forthcoming events, as well as to provide an interactive forum for discussion of methodologies and results.
	cannabinoidsociety.org (253 words)

	Review: cannabinoids and codeine have similar effects on pain relief, but cannabinoids commonly cause psychotropic ...
		Review: cannabinoids and codeine have similar effects on pain relief, but cannabinoids commonly cause psychotropic adverse effects
		Cannabinoids and codeine have similar effects on pain relief,
		are done, the use of cannabinoids for this indication remains
	ebm.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/7/1/24 (734 words)

	DEA Briefs & Background, Drugs and Drug Abuse, Drug Descriptions, Cannabis
		Cannabis contains chemicals called cannabinoids that are unique to the cannabis plant.
		Among the cannabinoids synthesized by the plant are cannabinol, cannabidiol, cannabinolidic acids, cannabigerol, cannabichromene, and several isomers of tetrahydrocannabinol.
		One of these, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), is believed to be responsible for most of the characteristic psychoactive effects of cannabis.
	www.usdoj.gov /dea/concern/cannabis.html (384 words)

	Cannabinoids Enhance NMDA-Elicited Ca2+ Signals in Cerebellar Granule Neurons in Culture -- Netzeband et al. 19 (20): ...
		A physiological role for cannabinoids in the CNS is indicated by the presence of endogenous cannabinoids and cannabinoid receptors.
		The effect of cannabinoid receptor activation on NMDA-elicited intracellular Ca signals was studied by bath application of cannabinoids.
		Cannabinoids enhance the Ca signal to NMDA in acutely isolated granule neurons and granule neurons in cerebellar culture.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/19/20/8765 (7735 words)

	Researchers Identify Clues About Marijuana Effects
		Scientists have been studying cannabinoids, substances that are chemically related to the ingredients found in marijuana, for more than two decades, hoping to learn more about how the drug produces its effects--both therapeutic and harmful.
		One such study, "L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, and WIN 55212-2, a cannabinoid agonist, interact to evoke synergistic hypothermia," published in the February issue of the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, reveals how cannabinoids produce one of the drug's most robust actions, hypothermia, or decreased body temperature.
		Rawls' research team is currently investigating the impact of cannabinoids on other physiological systems, such as analgesia and movement, and the brain neurotransmitters that mediate those systems.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2004/03/040309071927.htm (651 words)

	Cannabinoids (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Canadian Consortium for the Investigation of Cannabinoids in Human Therapeutics
		BMJ Editorial: Kalso E. Cannabinoids for pain and nausea.
		Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Resource Text: The Health Effects of Cannabis (at the bottom of the page)
	palliative.info /pages/Cannabinoids.htm (160 words)

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