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635. Canthaxanthin (WHO Food Additives Series 22) CANTHAXANTHIN EXPLANATION The Committee was aware that canthaxanthin has been used as a direct food additive, as a feed additive, and as an orally-administered pigmenting agent for human skin in both pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications. Canthaxanthin is a diketo carotenoid pigment with an orange-red colour. Canthaxanthin was measured at autopsy in the tissues of 38 people, aged 22 to 96 years, none of whom were known to have received canthaxanthin therapeutically or in sun-tanning preparations. www.inchem.org /documents/jecfa/jecmono/v22je09.htm   (2577 words)

Canthaxanthin -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06) Canthaxanthin gives salmon a pink color similar to (additional info and facts about pink/red) pink/red species of wild salmon, while at the same time acting as an (A chemical substance derivable from a mold or bacterium that kills microorganisms and cures infections) antibiotic. The analysis of canthaxanthin content in salmon is a scientifically-accepted method to determine the origin of salmons. Canthaxanthin capsules were also used extensively in the (The decade from 1990 to 1999) 1990s as a "tanning pill" since the substance would accumulate in the fatty tissue immediately underneath the skin, resulting in a reasonable facsimile of a natural sun tan. www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/ca/canthaxanthin.htm   (157 words)

839. Canthaxanthin (WHO Food Additives Series 35) Correlation of canthaxanthin concentrations in the retina was also seen with semi-quantitative estimates (polarization microscopy) of birefringent inclusions in whole flat-mount or cryostat sections of the retina of the contralateral eye. Canthaxanthin was added to the cell cultures in association with high density lipoprotein which was obtained from chickens fed canthaxanthin or placebo. The authors calculated that the canthaxanthin concentration in retina of the reference person was over 100 times higher than that found in the monkey retina, which led the authors to assume a higher susceptibility of humans to canthaxanthin deposition in the retina. www.inchem.org /documents/jecfa/jecmono/v35je08.htm   (6616 words)

Canthaxanthin Facts Canthaxanthin functions as an ultra violet photon absorber, a singlet and triplet oxygen quencher and free radical deactivator. Canthaxanthin has nothing to do with the skin's normal tanning process from ultra violet rays and we offer it as an organic anti-oxidant color additive, not as a so-called "tanning pill". Canthaxanthin is widely used and generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use as a food color additive. www.musclemass.com /canthaxanthin.html   (958 words)

Health and Consumer Protection - Scientific Committee on Food - Previous outcome of discussions - 10 Canthaxanthin was considered by the Committee for the first time during its comprehensive review of the Colouring Matters in Food in 1983 (1), when the Committee established an ADI of 0-25 mg/kg b.w./day. Canthaxanthin concentrations in the retina correlated with the presence of birefringent inclusions. Canthaxanthin administered to rats at a dose of 300 mg/kg diet (15 mg/kg b.w.) for 15 days increased the concentration of hepatic P450 and thereby the activities of the hepatic isoenzymes P4501A1 and P4501A2. europa.eu.int /comm/food/fs/sc/oldcomm7/out10_en.html   (2147 words)

Complete Tanning Tablets information from Drugs.com Canthaxanthin is highly lipid soluble and is found in a variety of sources, including plants, mushrooms, bacteria, sea trout, algae, brine shrimp, crayfish, and bird feathers. Canthaxanthin is a derivative of beta-carotene; however, it is not a precursor of vitamin A. The tanning effect (orange to brownish color) is the result of canthaxanthin accumulation in the epidermis and subcutaneous fatty tissue. Canthaxanthin has been used for the treatment of vitiligo, a disorder in which the melanocytes cease to synthesize melanin and disappear from the involved areas. www.drugs.com /npp/tanning-tablets.html   (1752 words)

FOOD STANDARDS AGENCY At a recent meeting, it considered new advice on the safety of canthaxanthin, an orange-red pigment used to colour egg yolks and the flesh of farmed salmon and trout. Canthaxanthin is a substance added to the feed of laying hens - both free-range and caged - and farmed salmon and trout. Although the FAC agreed that canthaxanthin could be used in animal feed, there was some concern that consumers are currently unaware of its presence in food. archive.food.gov.uk /maff/archive/food/fac/facnews/issue3/page2.htm   (546 words)

Sunless tanning - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Although the FDA has approved the use of canthaxanthin in food, it does not approve its use as a tanning agent. After canthaxanthin is consumed, it is deposited all over your body, including in your skin, which turns an orange-brown color. These types of tanning pills have been linked to various side effects, including hepatitis and canthaxanthin retinopathy, a condition in which yellow deposits form in the retina of the eye. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sunless_Tanning   (399 words)

Supplementation with Canthaxanthin Affects Plasma and Tissue Distribution of alpha - and gamma -Tocopherols in Mice -- ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06) Canthaxanthin distribution in tissues of male and female mice treated with the carotenoid at a dose of 14 µg/(g body weight·d) for 2 wk. Canthaxanthin concentration in liver of male and female mice treated with the carotenoid at a dose of 14 µg/(g body weight·d) for various periods. Peake I. Bieri J. Alpha- and gamma-tocopherol in the rat: in vitro and in vivo tissue uptake and metabolism. www.nutrition.org /cgi/content/full/128/11/1989   (3193 words)

Advanced Sports Nutrition Canthaxanthin is the orangish red and brownish red color, such as the red you see in the skin of apples, shrimp, crabs, and lobsters. The use of Canthaxanthin may decrease one's chances of getting skin cancer by decreasing the necessary exposure time in the sunlight to acquire a tan, thus helping prevent sun damage to the skin. As Canthaxanthin assimilates into the body, the Canthaxanthin molecules attach to the subcutaneous layer of fat cells (insulin fat) that is directly under the skin. www.a-s-n.com /ASN_ASP_ViewProduct.asp?ProductINDX=69   (1053 words)

Smoked Seafood Direct from Ducktrap River | News, Recipes, Letters, Articles | Both canthaxanthin and astaxanthin are synthetic versions of natural carotenoid pigments which give fish meat their rich orange-red color. Canthaxanthin may be used for coloring foods in general. Canthaxanthin is also approved for use in ingested drugs. www.ducktrap.com /news_feed_statement.php   (289 words)

Food Standards Agency - Canthaxanthin - your questions answered   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06) Canthaxanthin (E 161g) is substance belonging to a group of substances called carotenoids. Yes, it is believed that canthaxanthin and other carotenoids have some positive nutritional effects on the diet - they are believed to act as dietary antioxidants. It is unlikely that 25 mg canthaxanthin per kg of fish feed alone would be sufficient to provide the current level pigmentation in farmed salmon and trout. www.food.gov.uk /multimedia/webpage/canthaxanthin_qanda   (952 words)

Food Standards Agency - Canthaxanthin, a colourant used in animal feed   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06) Canthaxanthin is added to certain feeds manufactured for poultry and for farmed salmon and trout. The mixture of canthaxanthin with astaxanthin is allowed provided that the total concentration of the mixture does not exceed 100 mg/kg in the complete feedingstuff. From information we have already, we understand that canthaxanthin is no longer used extensively in feed for laying hens or for broilers and that the level of inclusion SCAN has suggested would not cause any change in practice with such feed. www.food.gov.uk /foodindustry/Consultations/completed_consultations/completconsultscot/88722   (770 words)

Canthaxanthin 30 Mg 100 Tablets (Universal Natural's) Canthaxanthin is a carotenoid which is not utilized for health purposes by the body, but also is non/toxic in moderate dosages and used as a GRAS food coloring agent. Canthaxanthin has a strong red/orange color and many people take this carotenoid to gain a tanned appearance without suffering the potential harm from strong sunlight. Large doses of canthaxanthin have caused crystalline deposits in the retina of the eye. www.lef.org /newshop/items/item00478.html   (105 words)

[No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06) Abstracts By the early 1980's, the demand for canthaxanthin began to grow when various coal- tar-based azo dyes were removed from the certified list of dyes permitted for use in foods and drugs. Canthaxanthin, which exhibits excellent tinctorial properties, was able to satisfy the need for a safe red coloring agent for human use. A major disadvantage to this route is the fact that two chemical transformations have to be conducted after the C-40 skeleton of canthaxanthin has been obtained by coupling a C-15 sulfone intermediate to the C-10 dialdehyde 10. www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=00/39133.000706&ELEMENT_SET=DECL   (5395 words)

Welcome to Scottish Quality Salmon : Online   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06) These, astaxanthin and canthaxanthin, are two of the c.600 naturally occurring carotenoid pigments found in many thousands of species of plants and animals. · Canthaxanthin, the pigment concerned, was consumed by some adults in large quantities in a highly concentrated form as sun-tanning capsules in the 1980s. Canthaxanthin is permitted by the EU in certain foods and can be recognised by the number E161(g). www.scottishsalmon.co.uk /media/releases/250102.html   (927 words)

Anti-oxidant.com: Answers   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06) Canthaxanthin is not usually considered to be an effective anti-oxidant in humans, although it does have some effect. However, it is not known whether continuous supplementation with canthaxanthin can lead to anergy, i.e., a type of immune exhaustion such as was found with phycotene, a mixture of carotenoids from spirulina. A: Canthaxanthin is a carotenoid that is not normally used as an anti-oxidant. www.klsdesign.com /anti-ox/answers.html   (5560 words)

Supplementation with Canthaxanthin Affects Plasma and Tissue Distribution of alpha - and gamma -Tocopherols in Mice -- ... Canthaxanthin distribution in tissues of male and female mice treated with the carotenoid at a dose of 14 µg/(g body weight·d) for 2 wk. Canthaxanthin concentration in liver of male and female mice treated with the carotenoid at a dose of 14 µg/(g body weight·d) for various periods. Peake I. Bieri J. Alpha- and gamma-tocopherol in the rat: in vitro and in vivo tissue uptake and metabolism. jn.nutrition.org /cgi/content/full/128/11/1989   (3239 words)

In the Kitchen with Mother Linda: Is Something Fishy Going On? Canthaxanthin is also fed to chickens to turn the skin and flesh a pleasing yellow and make egg yolks yellower. The canthaxanthin in Ocean Spray cranberry juice is labeled but, unfortunately, when it comes to the sale of salmon, the use of canthaxanthin or astaxanthin (synthetic or natural) is hidden from the consumer. It did reveal that pure canthaxanthin is also sold as an oral tanning agent--tanning a willing consumer from the inside out when the canthaxanthin molecules attach to the subcutaneous layer of fat cells. www.westonaprice.org /motherlinda/fishy.html   (2273 words)

Canthaxanthin, bulk Canthaxanthin manuacturer, producer and supplier Canthaxanthin is known mainly as the natural pigment of the orange-yellow Chanterelle mushroom. Besides its pigmentation properties, Canthaxanthin has various physiological functions and can be converted into vitamin A in case of deficiency. Canthaxanthin is used for egg-yolk and broiler pigmentation, as the red component of the yolk color, and in foods and cosmetics requiring a more orange-red hue. www.haoruiusa.com /others/Canthaxanthin.htm   (70 words)

How Do Sunless Tanning Products Work? Although the FDA has approved the use of canthaxanthin as a color additive in food, it has not approved its use as a tanning agent. Much larger quantities of canthaxanthin than the amount used as a food coloring must be ingested to change skin color. After canthaxanthin is consumed, it is deposited throughout the body, including in the skin, which turns an orange-brown color, and also the internal organs (liver, brain, etc.). www.sunwestwholesale.com /tanning-info/How-Do-Sunless-Tanning-Products-Work.html   (461 words)

[No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06) Canthaxanthin is cleared under FDA regulations as a color for general food use up to a maximum of 30 mg. Canthaxanthin is one of the more than 400 naturally-occurring and identified carotenoid colors which have been present in food for thousands of years. For many years Canthaxanthin has been, and presently continues to be, used as a safe food colorant in the United States - mainly to give a red color in foods where the natural color has been lost during processing. www.nutri.com /wn/thax.txt   (426 words)

Is Something Fishy Going On? - The World & I Online Magazine In nature, canthaxanthin (beta-carotene-4,4'dione) and astaxanthin (3, 3'-dihydroxy-a, beta-carotene- 4,4'dione) are naturally occurring carotenoids found in lobster carapaces, krill, shrimp shells, flamingo feathers, and red algae. (Canthaxanthin derives its name from the Cantharelles mushroom of the same color.) In the wild, salmon forage the oceans feeding on colorful crustaceans, plankton, and algae, which naturally impart a beautiful shade of pink to the flesh of their predators. Further regulations call for declaration of the use of canthaxanthin or astaxanthin at the retail level, by insisting that the labeling found on the bulk fish container (the one the fish wholesaler receives from the fish broker) be displayed on the sales package or reproduced on a counter card with similar information. www.worldandi.com /public/2000/may/fishy.html   (3128 words)

Aquafeed.com - Providing News and Information to the Aquafeed Industry Canthaxanthin is widely used in the Aquaculture industry as a feed additive particularly in the salmon farming industry. Canthaxanthin functions as an ultra violet photon absorber, a single and triplet oxygen quencher, and a free radical deactivator. Canthaxanthin is a pigment, belonging to the same family as beta-carotene. www.aquafeed.com /article.php?id=572§ionid=1   (775 words)

Canthaxanthin A difference worth noting is that beta carotene converts in the mammalian system to vitamin A. Canthaxanthin, as well as all xanthophylls, do not convert to any extent to vitamin A. Carotenoids have powerful antioxidant properties which defend against damaging singlet and triplet oxygen, a by-product of ultra violet rays and photosynthetic metabolism. Canthaxanthin is an all natural, organic, nutritional supplement. Canthaxanthin can give color to the second layer of skin known as the subcutaneous (fat) layer. www.greatvistachemicals.com /nutritional-supplements/canthaxanthin.html   (322 words)

Tanning Pills Dangers Sun Tan Artificial tanning procedures Although canthaxanthin is approved by FDA for use as a color additive in foods, where it is used in small amounts, its use in so-called tanning pills is not approved. But she claimed that because small amounts of canthaxanthin are used legally in foods and drugs, the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act approval extended to use in cosmetics. An average daily intake of canthaxanthin is only 5.6 milligrams (mostly from foods such as ketchup and salad dressings). www.geocities.com /healthmoon/tanningpills.htm   (906 words)

Mechanisms of Carotenoid Antioxidant Behavior The author speculated that the presence of the electron-withdrawing 4(4')-carbonyl oxygens was responsible for the greater antioxidant effects of canthaxanthin and astaxanthin. At lower concentrations (0.2 mole percent relative to the fatty acid), canthaxanthin or astaxanthin had little effect on oxidation; under the same conditions, alpha-tocopherol was able to retard the beginning of oxidation for several hours, although it too had no effect on oxidation rates once oxidation began (after the observed disappearance of all alpha-tocopherol). This may be partly due to the orientation of the xanthophyll molecule in the lipid bilayer, or to differences in the carotenoid-radical reactions (particularly reactions at the terminal rings). www.astaxanthin.org /carot-antiox.htm   (7168 words)

Articles by Syntrax Founder Derek W. Cornelius   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06) Besides being a red pigment, canthaxanthin functions as an ultraviolet photon absorber, a singlet and triplet oxygen quencher, and a free radical deactivator. The neat thing about canthaxanthin is that it not only makes your skin appear tan when your skin has very little melanin in it but it changes its color when ultraviolet light hits it. Canthaxanthin can be bought through some mail order companies in muscle magazines in the form of capsules--however it is usually very expensive. www.syntrax.com /articles/supplemenextreme.htm   (2736 words)

Astaxanthin - Bioavailability | Algatech Ltd. compared the anti-cancer activities of dietary beta-carotene, canthaxanthin, and astaxanthin in mice in vivo, and found that concentrations of plasma astaxanthin (20 to 28 mumol/L) were greater than that of beta-carotene (0.1 to 0.2 mumol/L) and canthaxanthin (3 to 6 mmol/L). However, in tumor tissues, the concentration of canthaxanthin (4.9 to 6.0 nmol/g) was higher than that of beta-carotene (0.2 to 0.5 nmol/g) and astaxanthin (1.2 to 2.7 nmol/g). The researchers concluded that beta-carotene, canthaxanthin, and especially astaxanthin inhibit the growth of mammary tumors in mice; their anti-tumor activity is also affected by the supplemental dose. www.algatech.com /bio.htm   (800 words)

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