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Topic: Cantus In Memoriam Benjamin Britten

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	Cantus In Memoriam Benjamin Britten - Definition, explanation
		Cantus in Memoriam Benjamin Britten (1977) is a composition by Estonian composer Arvo Pärt;, written to mourn the death of English composer Benjamin Britten on December 4, 1976.
		Cantus has a kaleidoscopic feel at times, but there once it becomes established there is a definite questing downwards, a searching, probing quality, a descent into darkness.
		Pärt, A. Cantus in memory of Benjamin Britten für streichorchestra und enie glocke.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/c/ca/cantus_in_memoriam_benjamin_britten.php (1232 words)

	Cantus In Memoriam Benjamin Britten - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cantus in Memoriam Benjamin Britten (1977) is a composition by Estonian composer Arvo Pärt, written to mourn the death of English composer Benjamin Britten on the 4th of December 1976.
		Cantus has a kaleidoscopic feel at times, but there once it becomes established there is a definite questing downwards, a searching, probing quality, a descent into darkness.
		Pärt, A. Cantus in memory of Benjamin Britten für streichorchestra und enie glocke.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cantus_In_Memoriam_Benjamin_Britten (1331 words)

	Britten bio
		Britten always made it clear that he felt at home near the sea: “I cannot do without it.” Of course there were other echoes as well for Grimes too is rejected by his community.
		In after years Britten recalled how during one of their tours of the opera he had had a blazing row with a friend who was a member of the cast.
		Britten’s music while largely escaping the usual post-mortem neglect was, in the 1970s and 1980s, seen as somewhat reactionary.
	www.karinvanarkel.com /perform/britten2_e.html (3119 words)

	Arvo Part - musicolog.com
		“Why did the date of Benjamin Britten’s death — 4th December 1976 touch such a chord in me? ”Pärt aska,and continues: ”During this time I was obviusly at the point where I could recognize the magnitude of such a loss...
		CANTUS IN MEMORIAM BENJAMIN BRITTEN for string orchestra and one bell(1977) is an excellent example of the influence Medieval music has had on Pärt — however tacitly.
		As was the case in Cantus, Festina lente contains only those pitchesthat would be the white keys on the piano, without chromatic alterations.This piece may also be performed with a harp Pärt which gives resonance to the bass lines.
	www.musicolog.com /part_about7.asp (932 words)

	Classical Net - Basic Repertoire List - Pärt
		Having found his voice, there was a subsequent rush of new works and three of the 1977 pieces (Fratres, Cantus In Memoriam Benjamin Britten and Tabula Rasa) are still amongst his most highly regarded.
		As Pärt's music began to be performed in the west and he continued to struggle against Soviet officialdom, his frustration ultimately forced him, his wife Nora and their two sons, to emigrate in 1980.
		Works for SATB choir such as Magnificat (1989) and The Beatitudes (1990) have proved popular with choirs around the world and there is a growing ouvre of works for string orchestra and various chamber ensembles; numerous versions of Fratres (1976-date), Cantus In Memoriam Benjamin Britten (1977/80), Festina Lente (1988) and Siloun's Song (1991).
	www.classical.net /music/comp.lst/part.html (915 words)

	Orchestra of St. Luke's
		Pärt composed the Cantus in Memoriam Benjamin Britten in 1977 (shortly after Britten’s death in December 1976); it was first performed at Carnegie Hall on March 6, 1988, with the SinfoNova Chamber Orchestra conducted by Aram Gharabekian.
		Britten’s Violin Concerto grew out of a visit to Spain in 1936 and the composer’s response to his friend W. Auden enlisting in the Spanish Republican army opposing Franco.
		During the course of the development, Britten manages to assimilate the two principal themes and to bring the harmony around to a broad D-major return to the opening theme, though still fluctuating between the sense of major and minor.
	www.carnegiehall.org /textSite/box_office/events/evt_6514.html (2589 words)

	Nottingham Philharmonic Orchestra Programme Notes
		Cantus in Memoriam Benjamin Britten for string orchestra and one bell
		Pärt wanted to meet Britten, but the older composer died in 1976, and Pärt wrote this moving elegy instead.
		Cantus starts and ends in silence, which is gently broken by a bell, struck softly three times.
	www.nottinghamphilharmonic.co.uk /notes/PCM.html (486 words)

	Lachrymae - Music for Strings WARNER CLASSICS 2564 60190-2 [EM] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Purcell commences the proceedings with the Chacony in G minor, arranged by Benjamin Britten.
		Britten's Lachrymae, from which the disc takes its title, is a set of variations on the opening part of Dowland’s song If my complaints could passions move.
		Britten’s prolific use of pizzicato throughout encapsulates a sense of falling tears, true to the title, and this is here effectively intimated.
	www.musicweb.uk.net /classrev/2004/Jun04/lachrymae_marshall.htm (686 words)

	Kalistos Chamber Orchestra February 17, 2004 concert
		The Cantus in Memoriam Benjamin Britten of 1977 was one of Pärt’s first tintinnabuli works, and it remains a major milestone in his artistic development.
		Benjamin Britten’s ascendancy to the position as the foremost British composer of his generation was in no small part a result of his study with Frank Bridge (1879 – 1941), one of the more prominent British composers of his own time.
		Britten’s musical wit is again evident here, with the C-centered tonality skewed by chromatic inflections, both in the semitone clashes between the second violins and violas, and in the first violins’ writhing, scalar melody; while the two chordal “sighs” recall the opening chords of the theme.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~cyoungk/kalistos21704.htm (2278 words)

	Telarc International:
		Also included on the CD are three additional works by Pärt; Cantus in memoriam of Benjamin Britten for strings and one bell, Summa for strings and Festina Lente.
		The Cantus is brief but deeply moving, based on a single thematic idea, while Summa creates a mysterious aura with its haunting modal sound.
		Cantus in Memory of Benjamin Britten for strings and one bell
	www.telarc.com /gscripts/title.asp?sku=CD%2D80387&mscssid=JRVF4CD3P7L98L9GD6F2709HCV9189D2 (197 words)

	Press Comment
		Cantus in Memoriam Benjamin Britten lasts just six and a half minutes and consists for the most part of a descending diatonic scale played by a string orchestra, accompanied by a tolling bell.
		The answer he had found in Cantus was simplicity - or, to give its trendier Western name, minimalism - a style of music that relies on protracted repetition of a small group of notes.
		As Part was writing Cantus in Tallinn, a disabled composer in the polluted Polish town of Katowice was finishing a symphony of blatantly simplistic appeal.
	www.hyperbia.co.uk /baltic/press.html (3524 words)

	New Music reBlog: Britten shows how everybody can make music (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Tomorrow (December 4th) is the thirtieth anniversary of Benjamin Britten's death.
		Last night I was at a performance of his cantata St Nicholas as part of Aldeburgh's Britten Weekend, and my music making was a vocal contribution to the two congregational hymns in that wonderful work.
		It ended as the bell tolled for the last time in Arvo Pärt's Cantus in memoriam Benjamin Britten with the capacity audience holding their collective breath and the bows of the Britten Sinfonia violins frozen in mid-air - sheer musical, and emotional magic.
	netnewmusic.net /reblog/archives/2006/12/britten_shows_h.html (583 words)

	Amazon.ca: Tabula Rasa: Music: Arvo Part,Stuttgart State Orchestra,Lithuanian Chamber Orchestra,Keith Jarrett,Gidon ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The tolling of the tubular bells in Cantus in memory of Benjamin Britten is an emotionally charged lament, based on a simple minor descending scale, that introduces Pärt's fascination with what he calls "tintinnabulation": the literal and metaphorical sound of ringing bells.
		The Cantus is wrenching for me to listen to, especially in the performance preserved so well here.
		Ben Britten, because of his sexual preference, was put through the mill many times during his long and productive career- and Part catches it all, it seems to me, and distills it into a general human agony of spirit.
	www.amazon.ca /Tabula-Rasa-Arvo-Part/dp/B0000262K7 (2003 words)

	RTE.ie Entertainment - Arvo Pärt (b.1935)
		Probably the best-known example of this style is his 'Cantus In Memoriam Benjamin Britten', which he wrote after the death of the English composer.
		He said at the time that Britten's music had had a profound effect on him, and when the older man died he realised (quite astutely) that he would never fulfil his dream of meeting him.
		So, with a string section and a tubular bell, he wrote a piece in the key of a minor which, to oversimplify, consists of lots of descending scales that go faster in the higher instruments and slower in the lower (mensuration canon).
	www.rte.ie /arts/2001/0301/composers.html (538 words)

	classical music - andante - the australian chamber orchestra
		The orchestra's latest concert program consists of three works from the 20th century (now, as the T'ang Quartet reminded us recently, the last century) and one from the remoter reaches of the 19th.
		For Arvo PÃ¤rt's Cantus in memoriam Benjamin Britten, the ACO's core of string players was joined by a gong, and the piece began with a gong stroke.
		Les Illuminations, for solo tenor and strings, was composed by Britten in 1939 and sets to music a selection of visionary poems by the French symbolist Arthur Rimbaud.
	www.andante.com /article/article.cfm?id=14157 (602 words)

	The Rhythm Divine 07/09/2005 - Radio National
		And in 1976-77 he composed the Cantus in Memoriam Benjamin Britten which brilliantly sets out this new style.
		So that’s what we’ll hear today, and as the piece develops listen for the three different note values, like three voices - high, middle, and deep - which are actually being played at three different speeds.
		A brilliant work, Cantus in Memoriam Benjamin Britten, for string orchestra and a bell by Arvo Part, who turns 70 this week.
	www.abc.net.au /rn/relig/rhythm/stories/s1450617.htm (455 words)

	Cantus - meaning of word
		A cantus (Latin for 'singing', derived from 'canere'), is an activity organised by Flanders student organisation.
		== Structure of a cantus == The cantus is being led by the senior.
		In the fourth and last part of the cantus, also called the ''silent part'', quiet songs are sung and every student organisation and club that is present at the cantus sings its own song.
	www.wordsonline.org /Cantus (5463 words)

	New Music reBlog: Music Since 1960: Pärt: Cantus In memoriam Benjamin Britten (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Cantus is perhaps the most minimal, most process-based of all his works, yet in defiance of the 'holy minimalism' tag, it is also one of his secular ones, being a lament for a fellow composer.
		Why did the date of Benjamin Britten's death - December 4, 1976 - touch such a chord in me? During this time I was obviously at the point where I could recognize the magnitude of such a loss.
		The other aspect to Pärt's work that is often overlooked is the awareness within his music of the rest of the musical world.
	www.netnewmusic.net /reblog/archives/2006/02/music_since_196.html (676 words)

	On An Overgrown Path: Britten shows how everybody can make music (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		It ended as the bell tolled for the last time in Arvo Pärt's Cantus in memoriam Benjamin Britten with the capacity audience holding their collective breath and the bows of the Britten Sinfonia violins frozen in mid-air.
		The ghost of Britten really does inhabit the whole of the area, from the Peter Grimesian burg of Aldeburgh and the old buildings of the maltings.
		It was exquisite, and I finally got a complete glimpse of the musical genius of Britten in his attempt to bring music to a wider community through the church (in his parables, Noye's Fludde, Saint Nicholas and so on).
	theovergrownpath.blogspot.com /2006/12/britten-shows-how-everybody-can-make.html (1190 words)

	Classical Music :: The Classical Source :: Britten Sinfonia MacMillan :: Classical Music (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		For inclusive and innovative programming there can be few chamber orchestras to touch the Britten Sinfonia, and this concert demonstrated its strength in depth with three string-based classics, together with a new work by a regular collaborators — James MacMillan.
		He opened this concert with an account of Britten's Prelude and Fugue that was soundly paced, if a little lacking in cumulative intensity as the Fugue's contrapuntal strands merge into their soulful apotheosis.
		Arvo Pärt's indelible Cantus exerted much of its mesmeric force, though a larger number of strings — particularly cellos and basses — is needed for the final descent to the tonic chord to achieve its full gravitas.
	www.classicalsource.com /db_control/db_concert_review.php?id=2207 (380 words)

	Arvo PÄRT- Orchestral music [NH]: Classical CD Reviews- Nov 2002 MusicWeb(UK) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The symphony is performed better than (or at least as well as) the previous versions and remains a very interesting listen despite the booklet notes attempts to see it in terms of Rachmaninov, Shostakovich and Sibelius.
		The hypnotic textures of the Britten-dedicated Cantus are perhaps the most widely known of Pärt's work but the last word probably ought to be afforded, as it is in the booklet notes, to Silouans Song.
		This is another haunting piece that first emerged on ECM alongside a major choral work (Te Deum) and for this listener at least, the composer's greatest moments seem to emanate from his more intimate inspirations (some piano pieces - Alina etc. - are marvellous microcosms of a greater soundworld).
	www.musicweb.uk.net /classRev/2002/Dec02/part_summa.htm (381 words)

	Literature Network Forums - View Single Post - Musical Effects
		Arvo Part's Cantus In Memoriam Benjamin Britten is lovely too.
		There is the sound of a bell opening the work, and this gives way to a melodic drone of strings, that carry the listener away into a dreamy utopia.
		After the Cantus, The Beatitudes is probably my favourite work of his.
	www.online-literature.com /forums/showpost.php?p=25047&postcount=7 (292 words)

	Living It
		It not just as cellist with the (oh so brilliant) Nash Ensemble, his solo cello work, but also growing his international conducting skills.
		Here he was with the Britten Sinfonia, so he felt quite at home.
		Britten is someone who I just pass over.
	journals.aol.co.uk /tommytickla/Thinkbigthoughts/entries/474 (662 words)

	Arvo Pärt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Fahrenheit 9/11 (2004) (writer: "Cantus in Memory of Benjamin Britten" (1977), "Crete Petit") (performer: "Cantus in Memory of Benjamin Britten" (1977))
		A Kind of Hush (1999) ("Cantus in Memory of Benjamin Britten", "Untitled for Saxophone and Keyboard")
		Winterschläfer (1997) (writer: "Fratres", "For Piano and Violin", "For Strings and Percussion", "For Eight Cellos", "Cantus in Memory of Benjamin Britten")
	us.imdb.com /name/nm0701736 (462 words)

	Cantus in Memory of Benjamin Britten at SearchFoxx (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Cantus in Memory of Benjamin Britten at SearchFoxx
		Benjamin Britten, for string orchestra and bell Date: 1977 -1980 Main Performer: Arvo Pärt Genre: Orchestral Review Though the two.
		Cantus was started in Trondheim in 1986, and has become a prize-winning choir of 35 singers in great demand.
	www.searchfoxx.com /Cantus+in+Memory+of+Benjamin+Britten (228 words)

	Leonard Link: St. Lukes in Carnegie with British theme
		The major works were Benjamin Britten's Violin Concerto (with Midori) and Elgar's Enigma Variations, neither piece frequently played in New York.
		As a brief prelude to each half of the concert, they performed Arvo Part's Cantus in Memoriam Benjamin Britten in the first half and Pucell's Chaconne in G Minor in the second.
		To hear it played by the string section of a decent-sized chamber orchestra (the same string body that played the Elgar) was a luxury, but the thing was so stylishingly done that there was little ground for complaint.
	newyorklawschool.typepad.com /leonardlink/2006/12/st_lukes_in_car.html (439 words)

	Los Angeles Philharmonic Association - Performer Details (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		After a period of stylistic crisis and further study of early music, Pärt emerged in the mid-'70s with his own distinctive "tintinnabulation" style of bell-like, triadic minimalism.
		Fratres, Cantus in memoriam Benjamin Britten, and Tabula Rasa were the breakthrough works, bringing him broad international recognition.
		Neither tintinnabulation nor the explicit Christian texts he frequently set endeared Pärt to Soviet-era cultural authorities, and in 1980 he emigrated to the West.
	www.laphil.org /resources/performer_detail.cfm?id=55 (164 words)

	Arvo Pärt Cantus in Memory of Benjamin Britten (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Arvo Pärt entdeckte Brittens Musik, deren "Reinheit" - wie er es ausdrückt - ihn ergriff, erst spät für sich.
		Der 1935 in Estland geborene und 1980 ausgebürgerte Komponist bekam zu Zeiten der Sowjetunion nur schwer Zugang zu den musikalischen Entwicklungen in der westlichen Welt und war den ideologischen kulturellen Zielsetzungen der kommunistischen Partei unterworfen.
		Diese äußerst reduzierte, kontemplative Kompositionstechnik findet ihren ersten Niederschlag in dem kleinen Klavierstück An Alina, in Fratres und in dem Cantus in Memory of Benjamin Britten.
	www.musiktext.de /texte/paert_cantus_txt.htm (261 words)

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