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Topic: Cantus firmus mass

	cantus firmus mass (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The cantus firmus mass is a mass in which every section was composed using the same pre-existing meody as the contrapuntal foundation.
		In the early masses, the cantus firmus was found in the tenor, often written in long notes and varied isorhythmically.
		Some other examples of Cantus firmus masses are the Missa Caput masses by Dufay, Ockegam and Obrecht; the Missa Alma redemptoris mater by Leonel Power; the Missa Fors seulement, and the Missa se la face ay pale by Guillaume Du Fay.
	ourworld.cs.com /_ht_a/constancefairfax/cantusfirmus.htm (206 words)

	Parody mass - Wikipedia
		A parody mass is a mass that uses a piece of secular music, typically a fragment of a motet or chanson as part of its melodic material.
		It is distinguished from the two other prominent types of mass composition during the Renaissance, the cantus firmus mass and the paraphrase mass.
		The parody mass was a very popular model during the Renaissance: Palestrina alone wrote some 50-odd examples, and by the first half of the 16th century this style was the dominant form.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Parody_mass (300 words)

	Chamber Choir Cantus Firmus, Copenhagen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Danish Chamber Choir Cantus Firmus was founded in 1980 and consists of 25 singers, many of whom were educated at the University of Copenhagen, Department of Musicology.
		Cantus Firmus has also done the first full performance of Tomas Luis de Victorias "Missa pro Defunctus" in Denmark (broadcast on DR P2) and the first dramatic performance of Hugo Distlers "Totentanz" in Denmark (likewise broadcast on DR P2).
		Cantus Firmus exploits its versatility as a means to let different concert tasks and works illustrate and affect each other.
	www.cantusfirmus.dk /english.htm (363 words)

	Josquin's Missa di Dadi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		At the aural level, the cantus firmus is taken from the tenor of Robert Morton's N'aray je jamais mieulx, a 3-voice rondeau.
		The Missa di dadi is one of Josquin's earliest masses.
		The cantus firmus (which appears in the tenor line) is taken from the chanson N'aray-je jamais mieulx by the English composer Robert Morton; for the most part only the first 6 measures of the chanson are used, often augmented by 2, 4, 5, or 6 times.
	www.uky.edu /~ldnels00/missadidadi.html (420 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Cantus firmus
		The cantus firmus was originally always taken from Gregorian Chant and was the fixed melodic material, moving in whole notes, around which other more florid lines, instrumental and/or vocal, were composed around.
		Eventually the cantus firmus came to be set in a different rhythm in different movements of the same composition, or be made up or taken from a source besides chant (from popular music).
		Setting the cantus firmus was the essential pedagogical tool in Gradus Ad Parnassum by Johann Fux and formed the basis of teaching his species counterpoint.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Cantus_firmus (390 words)

	Glossary
		Cantus Firmus: literally "firm chant," a pre-existing melody such as a chorale tune to which counterpoint has been set.
		Mass: the sacred liturgy first of the Roman Catholic church, and later of the Lutheran and Anglican rites, in which the Last Supper of Jesus, or Holy Eucharist, is celebrated.
		Mass Ordinary: Those portions of the Mass which are "ordinary" in any service, any Sunday of the church year...as opposed to the proper elements which are linked to particular services in the year.
	www2.nau.edu /~tas3/glossary.html (3985 words)

	Choral Music In The Renaissance
		Masses that are based on a 'cantus firmus' or other borrowed material which are called 'tenor' masses.
		The movements of the mass, while being held together by a simple melody of one sort or another, were at the same time differentiated by the dropping of one voice or the shifting of rhythms to create variations of the same movement within the mass.
		This type of mass came to be known as an 'imitation mass' or 'Parody mass' A musical setting of the five movements of the Ordinary of the Roman Catholic Mass that is unified by the presence of the entire texture of a pre-existing polyphonic work, represented by borrowed motifs and points of imitation.
	wotan.liu.edu /~braxton/2mashis.html (776 words)

	GeoCities
		Dufay’s masses were at the forefront for innovations at his time: he was the first to expand the voices to four parts, and under his influence the masses became an outlet for a composer to express himself.
		The cantus firmus, a melody used as the basis for a new polyphonic composition, is always found in one voice in the middle of the texture and is sometimes based broadly on the tension between duple and triple metre.
		Much of the time the cantus firmus is taken from the tenor line of one of Dufay’s works, and sung in the tenor line of the new work.
	www.geocities.com /Vienna/Studio/5032/dufay.html (1598 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In the Renaissance, a great number of polyphonic masses were based on the famous song "L'Homme armé" (The Armed Man) as cantus firmus.
		A Renaissance mass in which all the movements are based on the same cantus firmus is termed a cyclic mass (see cyclicism).
		A cyclic mass is one where the same cantus firmus is used in each movement.
	hector.ucdavis.edu /Music10/Glossary/C.htm (1838 words)

	Sonic Glossary: Cantus Firmus
		The cantus firmus technique of composition began with the earliest forms of European polyphony and remained popular through the Renaissance, and is found most commonly in motets and in sections of the Mass.
		This means that the cantus firmus becomes a very audible part of the listener's experience of the piece rather than a partially buried foundation -- very different from the medieval use of cantus firmus that you heard in the piece by Léonin.
		A cantus firmus is a melody borrowed from one musical source and adapted as the basis for a new polyponic composition, usually a motet, or a section of the Mass.
	www.columbia.edu /ccnmtl/draft/paul/sonic/cantus.html (883 words)

	Musical Forms - Mass (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Dufay used both sacred and secular melodies as the basis for his masses, and in the period of Ockeghem and his contemporaries (circa 1460-90) the chanson was increasingly used as a source of tenor melodies around which an often very intricate contrapuntal web was woven.
		Josquin's 20-odd masses form a culmination of traditions while opening the way to further developments in the use of free cantus firmi and in drawing on the entire polyphonic substance of a model.
		Masses based on motets, chansons or madrigals were written by most late Renaissance composers, including Palestrina, Victoria, Lassus and Morales; freely invented masses were also composed.
	w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de /cmp/g_mass.html (526 words)

	A Sustaining Interest - The 'Gloria' from Josquin's "Missa Hercules dux Ferrariae" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This eight-bar cantus, and the eight bars of rest which precede each of its statements, is repeated throughout the movement (indeed throughout the whole mass).
		The use of the cantus as a structure upon which to lay the music and the text is key to understanding the mass and Josquin's compositional techniques he exhibits.
		When the cantus is not being sung the harmonies are much the same, consisting of mostly triads, thirds or sixths with the occasional fourth, fifth, unison or passing tone.
	tim.griffins.ca /writings/old/josquin.html (1810 words)

	HOASM: English Keyboard Music
		The vocal technique that occurs most frequently in the early keyboard sources stems from the cantus firmus mass and motet; in other words, a Gregorian chant is either written in long notes with a florid accompaniment or else paraphrased and shared between three or four equally important parts.
		The enormous popularity of the piece itself led other composers to set the same cantus firmus, and during the succeeding 150 years or so literally hundreds of In nomines were written, the last and among the finest examples being Purcell's two settings in six and seven parts.
		This also applies to most of those pieces based on a cantus firmus, among which are two by Thomas Tallis based on the chant Felix namque and dated 1562 and 1564 respectively.
	www.hoasm.org /IVM/EnglKeyboard.html (1735 words)

	Cantus firmus -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In (An artistic form of auditory communication incorporating instrumental or vocal tones in a structured and continuous manner) music, a cantus firmus is a pre-existing melody forming the basis of a (Click link for more info and facts about polyphonic) polyphonic composition, often set apart by being played in long notes.
		In these works the cantus firmus was originally always taken from (A liturgical chant of the Roman Catholic Church) Gregorian Chant and was the fixed (Click link for more info and facts about melodic) melodic material, moving in long notes, around which other more florid lines, instrumental and/or vocal, were composed.
		Probably the most widely set of the secular cantus firmus melodies was (Click link for more info and facts about L'homme armé) L'homme armé.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/ca/cantus_firmus.htm (374 words)

	ARSIS: Catalog: CD118
		A cantus firmus is a pre-existing melody (a single line of a polyphonic piece, or a plainchant melody) that functions as a foundation upon which the composer then constructs the other voices of the composition.
		In this case Dufay uses a secular cantus firmus, the tenor of his song Se la face ay pale, which he is thought to have written for a wedding in Savoy in 1434.
		The Mass is scored for four voices; in a few places, however, Dufay uses only three voices and drops the cantus firmus, and these passages are sung by a smaller ensemble on this recording.
	www.arsisaudio.com /cd118.html (1127 words)

	Krystof Harant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		He used archaic techniques such as cantus firmus mass composition.
		One is a cantus firmus mass based on a madrigal by Marenzio—an amusing musical irony in that it combines a technique which went out of fashion a hundred years before with the music of one of Italy's most popular and progressive composers.
		In another interesting irony, one of his Roman Catholic masses was performed in 1620, just before his execution, in a Catholic church in Prague, to great ceremony.
	www.hackettstown.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Krystof_Harant (432 words)

	Josquin des Prez and Lutoslawski
		The first appearance of the cantus firmus in the mass is in the superius, not in the tenor, which additionally exposes the cantus firmus and stresses the importance of the "Duke" material.
		The treatment of the cantus firmus melody in Josquins' Mass may be considered as a hidden statement of the relationship between Josquin and Ercole.
		The cantus firmus always appears in its complete form; moreover, it is usually presented in a superior register, or in a more pronounced aural shape than the material of the remaining vocal parts.
	www.usc.edu /dept/polish_music/harley/tess.html (2184 words)

	Mass Settings of Heinrich Isaac
		Missa Quant j'ay au cueur, 4 vv; cantus firmus is tenor of rondeau by Busnois; head-motive from soprano and tenor of rondeau; AMM 10
		The mass ordinary cycles are counterparts to the mass propers in Choralis constantinus and reflect similar liturgical emphasis on chant.
		"Bruder Konrad, der lag siech" is the cantus firmus of Agnues Dei III.
	web.bsu.edu /jcarter2/Isaac.htm (1391 words)

	Cantus firmus - Definition, explanation
		In music, a cantus firmus is a pre-existing melody forming the basis of a polyphonic composition, often set apart by being played in long notes.
		Composition using a cantus firmus was a common technique in Medieval music, forming the basis of organum as well as 13th- and 14th-century motets.
		Setting the cantus firmus was the essential pedagogical tool in Gradus ad Parnassum by Johann Joseph Fux and formed the basis of teaching his species counterpoint.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/c/ca/cantus_firmus.php (383 words)

	Music In The Burgundian Lands (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Cantus firmus mass, or Tenor mass (Mass Ordinary cycle in which each movement is based on the same melody, placed in the tenor voice), superseded motto technique.
		Tenor voice "held" the cantus firmus, as in isorhythmic motets.
		Repetitions of the cantus firmus might be in slower or faster note values.
	www.wwnorton.com /concise/ch5_outline1.htm (648 words)

	Recent Researches: Y1/5 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The final melisma on the word "caput" in the antiphon "Venit ad Petrum" for the ceremony of the washing of the feet on Maundy Thursday in the Sarum rite is the source of the cantus firmus for masses by Dufay, Ockeghem, and Obrecht.
		The mass by Jacob Obrecht was probably written between 1483 and 1485, when he was magister puerorum at Cambrai.
		Instead of the large-scale formal organization found in the Dufay mass, Obrecht's mass establishes a progression from movement to movement governed only by the successive shifts of the cantus firmus.
	www.areditions.com /rr/ycm1/ycm1_005.html (176 words)

	cantus firmus mass (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The cantus firmus mass is a mass in which every section was composed using the same pre-existing meody as the contrapuntal foundation.
		The cantus firmus was often derived from a chant or a popular song.
		In the early masses, the cantus firmus was found in the tenor, often written in long notes and varied isorhythmically.
	home.uchicago.edu /~atterlep/Music/cantusfirmus.htm (197 words)

	cantus firmus -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		Cantus firmus technique remained the basis of most composition of the 14th–15th centuries (though the “chant” was now often a secular melody) and remained important in the 16th-century mass.
		Early instances are found in 13th-century French motets as well as 15th-century cantus firmus dances where a skeletal melody served as a cantus firmus, or fixed theme.
		At first the mass was set in cantus firmus style, each movement built on the appropriate Gregorian chant melody, as in the mass of the French composer Guillaume de Machaut.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9359701 (603 words)

	Studium Vocale - mass 'Tart ara' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The tenor of the four-part mass is based on the tenor of the chanson Tart ara mon cuer sa plaisance.
		Besides a strict elaboration of the cantus firmus with simple mensural transformations, the mass includes traces of parody technique in the contrapuntal voices, as well as imitative devices and short sequences.
		A remarkable similarity between the mass and the chanson is the inconstancy of the mode: both oscillate between Mixolydian and Dorian.
	home.planet.nl /~schen559/English/mass.html (356 words)

	Capella Program #1
		Busnois' mass was held in great esteem in the renaissance: it was quoted and discussed by theorists of the time, and the composer Jacob Obrecht borrowed the tenor, verbatim and in its entirety, for his own L'homme armé mass.
		The four-voice mass, from which the Sanctus performed tonight was drawn, is distinguished by the use of the phrygian mode, unusual for the L'homme armé melody.
		The later 4v mass, the Agnus Dei of which is being sung tonight, is quite free in its observance of the cantus firmus.
	www.unh.edu /music/alamire/ca1-L'homme.htm (1202 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The L’homme armé cantus firmus is used in each successive movement on a progression of pitches beginning on C and ending on A, while each movement ends on D with a transposition of the stated melody (163).
		The cantus firmus is stated in voices other than the tenor and is sometimes used a support for the movement while other times blended into the texture (163).
		Josquin Desprez’s two Mass settings using the L’homme armé tune are prime examples of what became a traditional use of the chanson as a cantus firmus.
	www.users.drew.edu /ayork/papers/f04_mus12_fp.htm (2995 words)

	FAQ No. 2 (2004) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Then there is the relationship with the Mass, and that the tenor of the ballade is used as the tenor of the Mass, making it a "cantus firmus" Mass.
		Other useful details: the way the cantus firmus is used in the Mass; the way aspects of the three-part texture of the ballade are found towards the end of the "Gloria"; where the work falls in Dufay's career.
		His "cantus firmus" technique is similar to that found in Dufay and Ockeghem, where he will use a tenor from a secular work.
	www.arts.arizona.edu /rosenblatt/faq2330A.html (999 words)

	Renaissance Era - Vocal
		The mass had a regal mood to it and was of considerable length.
		The main type of mass used during this time was the cantus firmus mass.
		Another common mass used during the sixteenth century was the parody mass, which had a complete secular chanson or motet altered to fit the text of the ordinary mass.
	www.geocities.com /npasupathi/RenaissanceEraVocal.htm (1520 words)

	Chapter 5 - England and the Burgundian Lands in the Fifteenth Century (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Some of the Mass sections, which comprise about 1/3 of Dunstable’s works, are constructed on a liturgical melody set forth isorhythmically in the tenor.
		Cantus Firmus Mass (or Tenor Mass) – uses the same cantus firmus in all movements – the cantus firmus in the tenor voice.
		Another heritage from the Medieval motet was the practice of writing the tenor cantus firmus in long notes and in an isorhythmic pattern.
	www.ptloma.edu /music/MUH/outlines/ch5.htm (1133 words)

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