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| | Chinese Opera Mask, Xia Houyuan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21) |
 | | Under Cao Cao’s immediate command were two types of officers: those who were fearless but also tactless and those who recently submitted to him, thus have questionable loyalty. |
 | | Xia-hou Yuan, Cao Hong, Xu Zhu, Cao Zhen and Cao Xiu belonged to former. |
 | | Cao Cao placed intelligent, cautious, and charismatic officers to areas that would isolate from chain of command and required to operate independently. |
| www.paulnoll.com /China/Opera/opera-04-02.html (219 words) |
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