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	First World War.com - Battles - The Battle of Caporetto, 1917
		The scale of the Italian defeat at Caporetto led to both a change in government and Luigi Cadorna's dismissal as Chief of Staff.
		Caporetto marked the first occasion on which the Germans had determined to provide assistance to their Austro-Hungarian allies on the Italian front.
		The local Italian commander at Caporetto, Capello, was ordered to prepare a defensive line: he chose instead to adopt an aggressive posture, massing his troops for an attack upon the southern flank of von Below's army to the east of Gorizia.
	www.firstworldwar.com /battles/caporetto.htm (978 words)

	Antonio Gramsci: Caporetto and Vittorio Veneto (1921)
		The Communist Party, which is born and has to organize itself in the travails and among the perils of this exceptionally difficult moment, must express the working class's precise, cold determination to have its battle on the Piave and its Vittorio Veneto.
		It is in such conditions of chaos and collapse that the Communist Party is born.
		We are in the midst of the Caporetto of verbal, verbose revolutionism.
	www.marxists.org /archive/gramsci/works/1921/01/caporetto_veneto.htm (545 words)

	Battle of Caporetto - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Caporetto (or Battle of Karfreit as it was known by the Central Powers), took place from 24 October to 9 November 1917, near Kobarid (now Slovenia) on the Austro-Italian front of World War I.
		After the defeat at Caporetto, Italian propaganda offices were established with cynical promises of land and social justice being made to soldiers.
		The term "Caporetto" after this took a special hold in Italy, used to denote a terrible defeat - the failed General Strike of 1922 by the socialists was referred to by Mussolini as the "Caporetto of Italian Socialism"
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Caporetto (519 words)

	First World War.com - Memoirs & Diaries - The Battle of Caporetto
		This was "Caporetto" in the narrower and more strictly accurate sense, for it was only in that geographical zone that such betrayal occurred; but unfortunately Caporetto was the key to the whole strategic position.
		I know from what I have been told by those who were in Caporetto in the last weeks before the disaster, that the soldiers made no secret of their intentions, and that many of their officers lived in fear of their own men, locking themselves up carefully at night.
		Caporetto could be attacked from Plezzo and from Tolmino, down and up the course of the Isonzo.
	www.firstworldwar.com /diaries/caporetto.htm (1358 words)

	Sir J. Rennell Rodd. Social and Diplomatic Memories. 1902-1919. Chapter XIV
		Historically the disastrous defection at Caporetto must never be separated from the gallant recovery on the Piave, which was one of the most important achievements of the Great War.
		To Cadorna, in any case, belonged the credit of the preparation for war in an area where every physical advantage was on the side of the enemy, and under his direction the opening phases of the campaign were marked by a continuous series of successes.
		The impression which Caporetto made on the mass of the people, who had had no reason to anticipate a disaster of such magnitude, was of course profound.
	www.lib.byu.edu /~rdh/wwi/memoir/Rodd/Rodd14.htm (7735 words)

	The Eleven Battles of the Isonzo
		Although some consider the the Battle of Caporetto to be the Twelveth Battle of the Isonzo, La Grande Guerra will treat it separately because of its unique character and the fact it was an offensive mounted by the Central Powers rather than Italy.
		The Second Army was given the objective of the Selva di Terranova, a wooded area lying back from the river in the gap between the Bainsizza Plateau in the north and the Carso to the south.
		A clue as to what must have happened at Caporetto was given a century earlier by [coincidentally] a prior veteran of the Isonzo sector, Napoleon Bonaparte.
	members.fortunecity.se /mikaelxii/ww1/Alpine/eleven.html (4415 words)

	Reader's Companion to Military History - - Caporetto, Battle of (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		By September 1917, after eleven battles along the Isonzo, the principal theater of war ever since Italy entered World War I, both the Italian and the Austro-Hungarian armies were exhausted.
		The plan called for an assault along a twenty-mile front on the upper Isonzo, with the village of Caporetto at the center and the Tagliamento River some thirty miles west as the objective.
		In the end, however, Caporetto could not change the outcome of the war.
	college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/mil/html/mh_008400_caporettobat.htm (279 words)

	Esercito Italiano: History
		The most important battles took place in the area of the river Isonzo till the day of the Battle at Caporetto; the 6th battle in that area marked the first remarkable success as it paved the way to the conquest of Gorizia in the summer of 1916.
		The 12th battle was the last abd marked the defeat at Caporetto in October 1917.
		The heroic blocking battles at the Piave and Grappa rivers (Novembr 10 - December 4) closed the breach opened at Caporetto and in 1918 the battles at the river Piave (15 -24 june) and at Vittorio Veneto (October 24 - November 4) marked the final victory.
	www.esercito.difesa.it /English/History/storia2.asp (336 words)

	The Battle of Caporetto
		The Battle of Caporetto was one of the more decisive battles of World War One.
		Other German assaults away from the central attack at Caporetto were less successful and an Austro-Hungarian force made little impact on the southern flank of the attack.
		Such was the state of the Italian Army after Caporetto, the Allies sent to the region eleven divisions - six French and five British.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /battle_of_caporetto.htm (608 words)

	Battle of Caporetto, 24 October - 12 November 1917 (Italy)
		Caporetto, battle of, 24 October - 12 November 1917 (Italy)
		Kraft von Dellmensingen recommended an attack on the northern end of the Izuno flank, centred on the village of Caporetto.
		The British naval blockade had started to have an impact on supplies for the frontline soldiers, and days were lost while German troops looted Italian food stores, something that would repeat itself during the German offensives of 1918.
	www.rickard.karoo.net /articles/battles_caporetto.html (374 words)

	A FAREWELL TO ARMS
		During the Caporetto retreat in Book III, Fredrick and his company are trapped on the "enemy" side of the river, a place where the distinction between allies and opponents becomes blurred.
		In this symbolic no-man’s land, Aymo is killed by a retreating fellow Italian and Fredrick is assumed to be an Austrian in an Italian uniform.
		During the retreat from Caporetto, the military police become the "enemies" of the officers.
	spider.georgetowncollege.edu /english/coke/farewell.htm (1957 words)

	Battle of Caporetto
		In mid-September 1917, the Italian High Command brought the Eleventh Battle of the Isonzo to a close and put its forces on the defensive because of fears that the Germans might be about to intervene.
		Ludendorff was unable to contribute more than six German divisions to the planned offensive, which was to be launched in the Caporetto sector, a relatively lightly defended area north of the Isonzo lines.
		Although Caporetto had ' almost knocked Italy out of the war', it produced a new determination to fight and achieve victory.
	www.westernfrontassociation.com /thegreatwar/articles/timeline/caporetto.htm (650 words)

	La Grande Guerra: The Italian Front, 1915 -1918 - Virgilio's Caporetto Odyssey
		Unlike Caporetto, which was more a fiasco than a battle for him, father never talked about fighting in these actions or about facing and killing other men.
		o comprehend the way in which the Battle of Caporetto became a disaster for the Italian Army and to understand what happened to my father and his unit in the early hours of the battle, it is important to consider the relative positions of the two armies as the battle started.
		My father and mother spent the rest of their days in Oakland - a long way from Caporetto - happily tending their large fruit and vegetable garden, enjoying the company of their many friends, and anticipating the future of their grandchildren and great-grandchildren in America.
	www.worldwar1.com /itafront/virgilio.htm (4137 words)

	Redscape + Magazine + Issue2: The Caporetto Opening (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		For those who do not know about the Battle of Caporetto, it was a battle in the First World War where the Austrians with German support smashed through the Italian line in northern Italy and ended up fifteen miles north of Venice.
		The follow up to this opening move is undoubtedly to have an army in Venice by 1902, either German or Austrian and then take Rome but much depends on how many units Germany and Austria can afford to tie up in the Italian campaigns.
		So there you have it, the Caporetto Opening, a new and exciting way for Austria and Germany to co-operate with a joint invasion of Italy.
	www.redscape.com /magazine/issue2_caporetto.php (500 words)

	Kobarid : Caporetto (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Kobarid (Italian Caporetto) is a town (population 1,250) in the upper Soča (Italian Isonzo) valley, West Slovenia, near Italian border.
		Kobarid is eminently known for the famous battle (Battle of Caporetto) that took place in its territory, from October 24 to November 9, 1917, on the Austro-Italian front of World War I.
		Austrian forces, reinforced by German units, were able to break into the Italian front line, using grenades and flamethrowers, and rout the Italian army, which had practically no mobile reserves.
	www.explainthis.info /ca/caporetto.html (311 words)

	FALLS : The battle of Caporetto (fülszöveg)
		Then, in a crucial encounter at the village of Caporetto, the Italians were routed and made a disorganized and demoralized retreat familiar to everyone who has read Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms.
		The eminent British historian Cyril Falls recounts the story of Caporetto and the men who fought there, including a previously unknown German captain whose bold and brilliant tactics launched him on a spectacular career: Erwin Rommel.
		The battle of Caporetto became necessary, in the words of the German General Ludendorff, "in order to prevent the collapse of Austria-Hungary." In defeat, the inevitable happened.
	www.bibl.u-szeged.hu /bibl/mil/ww1/konyv/info/f/falls_i.html (231 words)

	FREE MonkeyNotes Study Guide Summary-A Farewell to Arms by Ernest Hemingway-SETTING/CHARACTER LIST-Free Book Notes ...
		Historically, the Battle of Caporetto was fought in October 1917, between the Italian and German- Austrian forces and as far as Italy was concerned, the battle was an disaster.
		Caporetto is a small town on the banks of the river Isonzo in Italy.
		The battle and Caporetto were lost and the Italian forces were compelled to withdraw.
	www.pinkmonkey.com /booknotes/monkeynotes/pmFarewellArms03.asp (922 words)

	La Grande Guerra: Caporetto - A Fresh Look
		The Battle of Caporetto, which began on October 24, 1917, is the most famous and most misunderstood battle of the Italian front.
		In particular, the collapse of the Italian 2nd Army at Caporetto demonstrates that the Italian Officer Corps had been out-thought by their German and Austrian-Hungarian counterparts long before the Italian troops were out-fought on the battlefield.
		The failure of Italian intelligence to discover the true size of the offensive was to have dire consequences for Italian troops during the Battle of Caporetto because, based on their flawed intelligence, the Italian 2nd Army failed to adopt an adequate defensive deployment.
	www.worldwar1.com /itafront/caporetto.htm (7629 words)

	Military History War Books - Pen & Sword (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Rommel was to become the most respected of all generals in World War Two but no-one outside of a small clique in the German Army had heard of him in 1917.
		His role at the Battle of Caporetto in 1917 where the Italian Army was humiliated at a catastrophic defeat has received little attention yet it was the springboard for his future success.
		This makes for a fascinating and important story.The book, by the authors of The British Army in Italy 1917-1918, is based largely on official histories and documents, and on Rommel's own account, which gives some insight into the qualities that he was later to exhibit in France and in North Africa.
	www.pen-and-sword.co.uk /cgi-bin/world/0192.html (161 words)

	Rommel and Caporetto:Wilks, J.; Wilks, Eileen; Wilks, John:0850527724:eCampus.com
		Rommel was but a lieutenant in 1917, assigned to one of the German mountain units sent to Italy for the new offensive.
		As the German and Austrian troops launched their surprise attack at Caporetto, Rommel often found himself in command of many times the number of troops normally led by one of his rank.
		John and Eileen Wilks have been studying the Caporetto campaign for many years, and have drawn upon official records to reveal the influential early days of one of history's greatest military commanders.
	www.ecampus.com /bk_detail.asp?isbn=0850527724 (140 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		All other armies and units are set up according to the setup instructions provided by the Caporetto scenario (Rule 14.0).
		For this variant, the Italian 43rd and 46th Infantry Divisions are considered mountain divisions and rated (4-5-4/0-8-0) each.
		When playing this historical variant of the Caporetto scenario, there is no rail movement during turn one for either player.
	grognard.com /variants1/carpor.txt (779 words)

	Thomas Nelson Page. Italy and the World War. 1920. Chapters 18-20.
		Caporetto lay on the western bank of the Isonzo, where it skirts the foot of Monte Nero, towering above its surrounding mountains.
		It was a tragic climax to a lofty and patriotic speech.
		There was another report which was very current, assigning as one of the moving causes of the break at Caporetto the work of the Representatives of the Church among the men.
	www.gwpda.org /wwi-www/Italy/Page07.htm (13728 words)

	Thomas Nelson Page. Italy and the World War. 1920. Chapters 18-20.
		Several roads converged on Caporetto down the valley, and thence through the gradually diminishing mountains ran a good road, and a newly constructed railway directly to Cividale, a dozen or more miles away, and so on to Udine, the headquarters of the Supreme Command.
		When the great disaster befell, Caporetto, as the first town of importance taken and mentioned in the despatches, gave its name to the event; but the German-Austrian drive, while it converged on Caporetto, covered a wider front than that represented by the little town on the highway to Udine.
		All sorts of explanations have been given for the tragedy of Caporetto; many theories, some by no means reconcilable, have been advanced and numerous reasons assigned.
	www.lib.byu.edu /~rdh/wwi/comment/Italy/Page07.htm (13728 words)

	General der Infanterie Otto von Below
		Otto von Below was born in 1856. He was the youngest General to receive an army command in Germany during WWI. He won the Pour le Merite in 1915. Below then commanded Army Group Below from 1916 through much of 1917, the VI.
		Army from October 1917 until spring 1918. It was with this army that Below gained fame for the breakthrough at Caporetto on 24 October 1917, which caused the Italian III.
		Army to vanish and led to the retreat of the whole Italian fighting force to the Piave River.
	www.geocities.com /veldes1/below.html (136 words)

	Caporetto (from World War I) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		On the Italian front, Cadorna's 10th Battle of the Isonzo in May–June 1917 won very little ground; but his 11th, from August 17 to September 12, during which General Luigi Capello's 2nd Army captured much of the Bainsizza Plateau (Banjška Planota), north of Gorizia, strained Austrian resistance very severely.
		More results on "Caporetto (from World War I)" when you join.
		More from Britannica on "Caporetto (from World War I)"...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-53152?tocId=53152 (991 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Battle of Caporetto
		Caporetto, Battle of, engagement of World War I, fought between October and December 1917, that resulted in a disastrous defeat of the armed forces...
		With the Russian collapse, strong German reinforcements went to Italy to help the Austro-Hungarians.
		Exclusively for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers--quickly search thousands of articles from magazines such as Time, Newsweek, The Atlantic Monthly, and Smithsonian.
	encarta.msn.com /Battle_of_Caporetto.html (157 words)

	Diaz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Chief of the Italian General Staff, replacing General Cadorna, after Cadorna's defeat at Caporetto.
		He held the line at the River Piave, and with only 33 divisions left after Caporetto, where 32 were lost, he blocked the Austro-German attempts to cross during November and December, 1917.
		Again, in June-July, 1918, he again repulsed the attempted Austrian Piave offensive, and between 24 October and 4 November of that year, destroyed the Austrian armies at Vittorio Veneto.
	www.gwpda.org /bio/d/diaz.html (112 words)

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