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Topic: Caprolactam

In the News (Thu 16 Feb 12)

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	Home - Honeywell Technology Licensing
		Honeywell Aerospace is the world's largest supplier of aircraft engines, equipment, systems and services for commercial transport, regional, general aviation and military aircraft.
		This multi-billion dollar strategic business group of Honeywell is a world leader in the production of polyethylene, fluorocarbons, advanced composites, caprolactam and specialty and electronic materials.
		ACS is a multi-billion dollar business and includes four businesses - Control Products, Industry Solutions, Security and Fire Solutions, and Service.
	honeywell.t2h.yet2.com /t2h/page/homepage (147 words)

	Caprolactam Degradation Pathway (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Caprolactam is most often synthesized from the benzene component of the BTEX production stream in petroleum processing.
		In recent reports, strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa capable of utilizing Caprolactam as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen were readily isolated following enrichment of pond water, or activated sludge ( Steffensen and Alexander, 1995 ; Kulkarni and Kanekar, 1998).
		Thus the ability to utilize Caprolactam seems to be widespread.
	www.labmed.umn.edu /cap/cap_map.html (290 words)

	Products (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Caprolactam is an important raw material in the production of Nylon 6 which is used in various industries, given its special characteristics.
		Caprolactam is used in different nylon autoparts, such as various oil containers under the hood, wire harness connectors, fuse boxes, body frames for motorcycles, as well as covers for engine cylinders, crankcases, timing belts and wheels.
		Caprolactam is also used in making nylon tyre cords to increase the strength of automobile tyres.
	www.caprolactam.net /tcl/products.htm (644 words)

	guichett - 32003D0439 -
		As the caprolactam production in Schwedt was not integrated into a production network of a large chemicals producer with corresponding synergies, it could not be compared to such companies when calculating the required workforce.
		Germany stated that they were not just needed for the caprolactam production, but that their products (oleum/sulphuric acid, cyclohexane and hydrogen) were needed for the planned development of the chemical complex as such.
		As caprolactam is an interchangeable commodity product, regardless of its provenance, and as transport costs are relatively low, the EU as a whole, for which reliable data is available, is regarded as the relevant geographic market.
	europa.eu.int /smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi!celexapi!prod!CELEXnumdoc&lg=EN&numdoc=32003D0439&model=guichett (4321 words)

	EPA - Air Toxics Website - Caprolactam
		Caprolactam is also used in brush bristles, textile stiffeners, film coatings, synthetic leather, plastics, plasticizers, paint vehicles, cross-linking for polyurethanes, and in the synthesis of lysine.
		Caprolactam may be released to the environment in emissions and effluents from its manufacturing and use facilities.
		Tests involving acute exposure of rats, mice, and rabbits have demonstrated caprolactam to have high acute toxicity from inhalation and dermal exposure and moderate acute toxicity from ingestion.
	www.epa.gov /ttn/atw/hlthef/caprolac.html (1003 words)

	htech
		Reacting cyclohexanone with hydroxylamine (produced as a sulphate salt by the air oxidation of ammonia to nitric acid, followed by catalytic hydrogenation in the presence of sulphuric acid) and ammonia yields an intermediate, cyclohexanone oxime.
		Caprolactam’s main use is as the raw material for the production of nylon fibre, and consequently forms an integral part in a myriad of other consumer and industrial products outside the automobile industry.
		DSM is a merchant supplier, but it will add a significant captive requirement for caprolactam once a world-scale nylon 6 polymerization plant the company is building at Augusta comes on line in the fourth quarter of this year.
	www.queencoeast.itgo.com /htech.htm (1946 words)

	Dr. Bennasr Consulting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		A portion of the added water is absorbed by the polymer melt and, together with the possibly remaining small amounts of contaminants, is removed in the succeeding last low pressure zone 9 at a vacuum of 1 mbar.
		The caprolactam content could be reduced to 640 mg/kg, corresponding to a 99.3% reduction of caprolactam.
		In accordance with the invention, the extracted Caprolactam always remains dissolved in the aqueous phase and does not lead to obstructions of pipelines.
	www.disperex.com /eng/pa6.htm (186 words)

	Closed-Loop Recycling (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The lighter caprolactam molecules separate from all the dyes and impurities and only pure caprolactam is captured.
		Tests prove this new caprolactam produces nylon fibers that are indistinguishable in every way from nylon made from original caprolactam.
		After the caprolactam is recovered, the remainder of the carpet, a little over 50% of the initial volume, is primarily calcium carbonate with small amounts of other by-products.
	www.infinitynylon.com /europe/main/newsstory/closedloop.asp?lang=eng (219 words)

	Modelling of industrial electrolyte solutions
		Since caprolactam is the monomer of Nylon 6, a high purity is required for the caprolactam.
		For example, in the caprolactam recovering process, in the forward extraction step caprolactam is transferred from the aqueous solution with ammonium sulfate to the organic solvent, leaving most water soluble impurities in the aqueous phase.
		In the backward extraction, caprolactam is transferred from the organic solvent to water, leaving the organic impurities in the organic solvent.
	www.dct.tudelft.nl /ttf/water.htm (1733 words)

	Toxicologic Review of Selected Chemicals
		Caprolactam is a white crystalline solid with an unpleasant odor.
		In a two-year bioassay of rats and mice, caprolactam was not observed to be carcinogenic (NCI/NTP 1982, as cited in ACGIH 1986/Ex.
		The results of early studies of caprolactam's teratogenicity in rats and rabbits indicate that it is not teratogenic even at doses as high as 1000 mg/kg/day (Gad, Powers, Robinson et al.
	www.cdc.gov /NIOSH/pel88/105-60.html (523 words)

	The One that Got Away - The Chemistry of Nylon 6 Synthesis
		Sodium hydride reacts with caprolactam by extracting the amide hydrogen, to produce the sodium salt, which is much more nucleophilic than the amide.
		N -acetylcaprolactam is much more susceptible to this sort of reaction than caprolactam, because it is an imide, whereas caprolactam is an amide.
		Also, if caprolactam underwent this first reaction step in place of N -acetylcaprolactam, the product would be a much less stable amine anion, as opposed to the more stable amide ion formed when N -acetylcaprolactam reacts.
	www.chemheritage.org /EducationalServices/faces/teacher/poly/activity/nylon6a.htm (265 words)

	Toxicologic Review of Selected Chemicals
		Caprolactam is a white crystalline solid at room temperature; thus, high vapor levels occur only at elevated temperatures.
		Caprolactam vapor is listed on ACGIH's Notice of Intended Changes but new limits have neither been reviewed nor adopted by that organization to date.
		OSHA considers the irritant effects resulting from exposure to caprolactam vapor to be material impairments of health.
	www.cdc.gov /niosh/pel88/105-60A.html (649 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Reportable Quantities: Removal of Caprolactam From the List of CERCLA Hazardous Substances
		Persons in charge of vessels or facilities from which caprolactam is released are no longer required to immediately notify the National Response Center of the release under CERCLA section 103, and are not subject to the liability provisions under CERCLA section 107.
		Following a review of the petition, EPA determined that there was adequate data on the health and environmental effects of caprolactam to indicate that emissions, ambient concentrations, bioaccumulation, or deposition of the substance would not cause adverse human health or environmental effects.
		The Agency is removing caprolactam from the list of hazardous substances through direct final rule because it does not expect any adverse comments and as stated above, parties had an opportunity to coment on the effect of removing caprolactam from the hazardous air pollutant list prior to that final rule (61 FR 30816).
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-WASTE/1998/December/Day-15/f33213.htm (2337 words)

	BASF Group: News Release: BASF raises prices for polyamide extrusion and spinning grades and for caprolactam
		, 2005, BASF increases its prices for caprolactam as well as for polyamide 6 extrusion and spinning grades by 100 - 150 per metric ton, depending on the specific segment.
		This measure has been rendered necessary by the strong erosion of margins, caused by the sharply increasing prices for feedstock since the beginning of January 2005.
		Caprolactam is the basic feedstock in the manufacture of polyamide 6.
	www.corporate.basf.com /en/presse/mitteilungen/pm.htm?pmid=1745 (123 words)

	Tecnon OrbiChem : S/Db-CHEM : Polyamide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		This World Analysis aims to judge when and to what degree a recovery will take place, and what are the implications for the intermediates in future, both caprolactam for polyamide 6 and adipic acid plus HMDA for polyamide 66.
		Past production of PA6 and PA66, both for use as fibres and as engineering resin, is recorded in the database, and built upon to provide forecasts for the current year and the next eight years.
		The World Analysis evaluates future availability of caprolactam, allowing for various possibilities in terms of building of new plants, whether using conventional or new technology, as well as the possible closure of older plants.
	www.tecnon.co.uk /petrochemical_database/petrochemical_database_polyamide.htm (310 words)

	ITT Industries Case Studies
		For this purpose, the caprolactam is polymerised and spun into yarns (polyamides, e.g.
		Owing to the change in hydroxylammonium sulphate production - this in the inorganic feedstock for caprolactam synthesis - a diluted nitric acid is produced which results in substantial amounts of dissolved NO and NO2 gases.
		However, the staff had to be continuously on the lookout and, when they discovered that conveyance had stopped, needed to vent and restart the pump.
	www.itt.com /profile/ngld-pump-07.asp (1020 words)

	XI Lok Sabha Debate, Session II (Budget)
		Members that we are faced with closure, they are not referring to the caprolactam production but they are referring to other products where they are uncompetitive and inefficient and they are making a loss.
		There is no import of caprolactam and given the price situation today, I am confident that there will be no import of caprolactam.
		In caprolactam, they are making profit and, that is why, BICP says keep duty at one per cent.
	parliamentofindia.nic.in /ls/lsdeb/ls11/ses2/1412099601.htm (3028 words)

	DSM - Fibre Intermediates - Caprolactam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		DSM is the global leader in the supply and production technology of caprolactam, the raw material for Nylon-6.
		Our world class quality caprolactam is provided with a high level of service to build long-term valuable partnerships with our customers.
		We have more than 50 years of experience in the production of caprolactam and continue to invest in our proprietary manufacturing technologies.
	www.dsm.nl /en_US/html/dfi/cpl_home.htm (116 words)

	FACT-Caprolactam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		FACT Caprolactam is available in 25 Kilograms packed in a multilayer bag.
		The middle paper layer and the outer bag are stitched with Rayon thread and crepe paper tape.
		For export, Caprolactam bags will be loose stuffed in 20'(T.E.U) containers each of which will contain 16.5 / 17 MT of Caprolactam.
	www.caprolactamfact.com /packag.htm (84 words)

	BASF Corporation New Patented Caprolactam Process (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Nylon 6 polymers from caprolactam monomer produced in the demonstration plant have been successfully spun into textile fibers at a BASF plant in Anderson, South Carolina.
		The plant test showed that the new polymer was highly satisfactory in fine denier yarn high speed spinning and met all specifications.
		BASF is a world leader in caprolactam and polycaprolactam manufacturing technology and operates major nylon intermediates manufacturing complexes in Freeport, Texas; Ludwigshafen, Germany; Antwerp, Belgium; and Seal Sands, England.
	www.basf.com /static/OpenMarket/Xcelerate/Preview_cid-976807284488_pubid-974236850984_c-Article.html (708 words)

	US-ERC/GreenChannel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Polymide 6 (PA) is produced through the polymerisation of e-amino caprolactam (Caprolactam), which is derived from oil, i.e., synthesised from a non-propagating raw material.
		Ecological and also economic reasons have, therefore, favoured the development of a process for the recovery of caprolactam from used floor carpeting, which would otherwise be deposited in waste dumps or disposed of in household waste incineration plants.
		The caprolactam water mixture from the depolymerisation is subjected to three-stage distillation and downstream falling-film crystallization.
	www.us-erc.org /greenchannel/nov2000/focus-recycling.php (1234 words)

	ISO - International Organization for Standardization
		Caprolactam for industrial use -- Determination of absorbance at a wavelength of 290 nm
		Caprolactam for industrial use -- Determination of colour of 50 % aqueous caprolactam solution, expressed in Hazen units (platinum-cobalt scale) -- Spectrometric method
		Caprolactam for industrial use -- Determination of volatile bases content -- Titrimetric method after distillation
	www.iso.ch /iso/en/CatalogueListPage.CatalogueList?ICS1=71&ICS2=080&ICS3=30 (64 words)

	Commissione Centrale Materiali e Tecniche
		It was Paul Schlack, scientist in the German company IG Farben who discovered the polymerisation of caprolactam and the production of polyamide 6 in 1938.
		The formation of polyamide 6 from caprolactam starts with the opening of the ring structure followed by a polycondensation.
		As one of the biggest buyer of caprolactam worldwide, Rhodia is in the position to assure the access of caprolactam for very competitive prices.
	www.caimateriali.org /Eventi/Torino/Polyamide6.html (1337 words)

	Ube moves some caprolactam production to Thailand. [1 table] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Ube Industries is to close its 20,000 tonnes/y caprolactam unit at Sakai in Japan early in 2003 and relocate production to Thailand as part of a restructuring programme that aims to achieve cost savings of over Yen 4 bn for its caprolactam business.
		Ube intends to increase caprolactam capacity at Map Ta Phut in Thailand from 80,000 tonnes/y to 100,000 tonnes/y.
		Productos Quimicos del Mediterraneo, a subsidiary of Ube, is to increase caprolactam capacity to around 100,000 tonnes/y from 85,000 tonnes/y at Castellon in Spain before 2005.
	mcgroup.co.uk /information03/396874.shtml (1002 words)

	NTP: Abstract for TR-214 - Caprolactam
		A carcinogenesis bioassay of caprolactam, a chemical intermediate used in the production of nylon 6, was conducted by feeding diets containing 3,750 or 7,500 ppm caprolactam to groups of 50 male or female F344 rats and 7,500 or 15,000 ppm to groups of 50 male or female B6C3F
		Throughout the bioassay, mean body weight gains for dosed rats and mice of either sex were decreased when compared with those of the controls.
		Under the conditions of this bioassay, caprolactam was not carcinogenic for F344 rats or B6C3F
	ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov /index.cfm?objectid=07061509-02EC-A749-36E2EC6ABFC2482B (202 words)

	Past projects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Airborne caprolactam monomer was measured in a Textile Fibre Manufacturing Facility over a six month period during the establishment of new Nylon 6 fibre processing machinery.
		The monitoring was conducted in response to reported incidences of irritation and discomfort among the operators of the Extrusion Floor.
		An improved monomer extraction/ retrieval system is being designed to ensure caprolactam monomer condensation within the ducts is prevented and the monomer is separated and retrieved.
	agrippina.bcs.deakin.edu.au /Occ-hyg/Grad_cert/603-4/Projects.htm (16735 words)

	Inventions/proposals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The problem of improvement of caprolactam, production of which is close to millions of ton all over the world, is very actual, since the high quality caprolactam monomer considerably determines the characteristics of monomer products on its base.
		The means of extraction of caprolactam from lactam green by method of electrodialysis with ion exchange membranes has been worked out (patent No941360 (51) M. Cl.C 07 D 201/16, 1982.
		The tests of the electrodialysis facility fior extraction of caprolactam from lactam-green were carried out during 6 months.
	www.georgia.technology-transfer.net /Caprolactam.htm (235 words)

	Products
		Caprolactam - It is the raw material for Nylon-6.
		The product quality of FACT caprolactam is among the best available in the world.
		Nitric Acid and Soda Ash - Small qualities of these are obtained from caprolactam plant as byproduct.
	www.fact.co.in /prod.htm (402 words)

	Patent Watch, April 7, 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The sulfate is then converted to free lactam by addition of excess NH This procedure results in large quantities of byproduct (NH Much effort over the years has been devoted to developing means for reducing or eliminating (NH coproduction.
		Sumitomo Chemical is reportedly commercializing a caprolactam process that avoids coproduction of (NH [at least in this step; (NH can also be formed in making the oxime] by catalytically converting cyclohexanone oxime in the gas phase to caprolactam.
		The reaction was carried out intermittently for 12 days; at night the reaction was stopped and only a low rate of nitrogen gas was fed to the reactor at 120 °C. Over the 12 days, cyclohexanone oxime conversion was virtually complete and selectivity to caprolactam ranged from ~78 to ~88%.
	www.acs.org /portal/a/c/s/1/acsdisplay.html?DOC=patentwatch\archive\040703_patentwatch.html (309 words)

	Press Release - America Recycles Day (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The facility will produce more than 100 million pounds of caprolactam each year with the same performance and aesthetic qualities as virgin caprolactam.
		All applications of nylon 6 are acceptable for Infinity™ nylon, including producing high-performance carpet fibers with all the design and performance characteristics of virgin nylon.
		DSM will market its share of the recycled caprolactam from the Evergreen facility under the trade name ReCapTM, which will be available to the merchant caprolactam market.
	www.infinitynylon.com /usa/main/newsstory/pr_recycleday_111599.asp (708 words)

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