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Topic: Carausius

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	Carausius - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Carausius was a Menapian who had proven his ability during Maximian's campaign against the Bagaudae rebels in Gaul in 286.
		Carausius learned of this and responded by declaring himself Emperor, winning the alliegance of the three legions based in Britain, as well as one in northern Gaul.
		In his mediaeval history, Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote that Carausius was given the kingship of the Britons over that of Caracalla, who died many years earlier.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Carausius (609 words)

	Roman Emperors DIR Carausius
		Carausius, whose full name is attested as Marcus Aurelius Maus.
		Carausius, was of the Menapii who were from Belgica.
		Carausius." The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Cambridge, 1971, 1.181ff.
	www.roman-emperors.org /carausiu.htm (452 words)

	Carausius (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Mausaeus Carausius was born to a humble family in Menapia, a region of seafarers in what is today the southern part of the Nertherlands.
		Carausius apparently kep control of it and used it as pay for those pirates which he recruited into the fleet.
		Carausius' allies, the Franks, were driven from the coastal regions and islands.
	www.roman-empire.net /decline/carausius.html (743 words)

	Biography of Carausius (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Carausius learned of this and responded by declaring himself Emperor, and he won the alliegance of the three legions based in Britain, as well as one in northern Gaul.
		Carausius attempted to come to terms with Maximian and his co-emperor Diocletian, but the general Constantius Chlorus was sent to put down the rebellion.
		Geoffrey of Monmouth claims that Carausius was given the kingship of the Britons over that of Caracalla, who died many years earlier.
	biography-1.qardinalinfo.com /c/Carausius.html (388 words)

	The New Empire - Diocletian - Empire of Carausius - Saxon Shore Forts - Constantine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Carausius probably had his capital in London and it is fairly certain that he established a mint there.
		Carausius also minted coins at Rouen, in northern Gaul, which, it is thought, date from the very beginning of his reign (possibly, even before he had taken control in Britain).
		This is interpreted as 'Imperator Caesar Marcus Aurelius Mausaeus Carausius the Invincible Augustus'.
	www.stephen.j.murray.btinternet.co.uk /empires2.htm (4264 words)

	Carausius II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Carausius II is the name given by historians to a possible imperial usurper in Roman Britain between the years 354 and 358.
		Coins appear during this period bearing the name which is the same as an earlier British usurper emperor, Carausius.
		No other evidence of Carausius II is known although Roman Britain at the time was an unstable and dangerous place and pretenders to the throne were likely.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Carausius_II (121 words)

	Carausius
		Carausius came from a sailing background and thanks to his abilities in this area he was commissioned by Maximianus to build a fleet to control the widespread pirating along the coasts of Gaul and Britain.
		Carausius was successful in this regard but it was soon discovered that he was personally profitting from the loot seized from the pirates.
		In the meantime, Carausius was murdered by one of his own men, Allectus, who felt ready to take a stab at being emperor himself.
	www.dirtyoldcoins.com /natto/id/caraus.htm (1533 words)

	Carausius
		Carausius had been born around the middle of the third century in Menapia, roughly equivalent to modern Belgium, and spent much of his time at sea though we have no idea whether that was in a civilian or military capacity.
		Carausius was appointed by Maximian to lead a naval force in the Channel from Boulogne.
		Carausius had evidently decided to pose as a legitimate member of Diocletian's multi-ruler system, in spite of flaunting himself as a consul.
	www.romanbritain.freeserve.co.uk /CARAUSIUS.HTM (4430 words)

	The History of the Decline and Fall of The Roman Empire - Vol 1 - Chapter XIII Part I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Gessoriacum, or Boulogne, in the straits of the British Channel, was chosen by the emperor for the station of the Roman fleet; and the command of it was intrusted to Carausius, a Menapian of the meanest origin, but who had long signalized his skill as a pilot, and his valor as a soldier.
		The wealth of Carausius was, on this occasion, very justly considered as an evidence of his guilt; and Maximian had already given orders for his death.
		During the space of seven years it was possessed by Carausius; and fortune continued propitious to a rebellion supported with courage and ability.
	www.worldwideschool.org /library/books/hst/roman/TheDeclineandFallofTheRomanEmpire-1/chap36.html (3171 words)

	[No title]
		The coinage of Carausius is also a period of confusion, especially during the early part of his reign, as there is a large amount of coinage of a rather irregular style when compared to the later products of Carausius' mints.
		It was Stukely who started the myth of Carausius' wife, a lady called Oriuna, on the misreading of a silver denarius in the posession of the Bibliotheque Nationale in Paris (1752, 1757-9).
		There is no other evidence of such an imperial lady in either the numismatic or epigraphic record and an examination of a cast of the original coin shows that the confusion probably arose due to a flan crack exactly where the F would be on the reverse (Boon, 1974).
	members.lycos.co.uk /nomisma/carausius.html (1056 words)

	Carausius (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Maximian came to suspect Carausius of manipulating events to line his own pockets, and Carausius was forced to flee to Britain around 290, where he declared himself Emperor, and won the alliegance of the three legions based on that island, as well as one in northern Gaul.
		However, as S.S. Frere speculates, Carausius' rebellion endangered Diocletian's vision of a strong, centralized government based on his tetrarchy, and Constantius I was sent to put this rebelion down.
		Carausius was shortly afterwards assassinated by Allectus, who succeeded him.
	usapedia.com /c/carausius.html (198 words)

	coins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Carausius produced a short lived independent regime soon after the empire of Postumus ended.
		Carausius had his coinage minted at London (M.L.=Moneta Londinensis) and perhaps at Bitterne (C.=Clausentum?) not far from Portchester.
		The coinage indicates a peace he extorted from Rome as they are inscribed PAX AVGGG -"The peace of the emperors"- the repetition of the final letter indicating three emperors are mentioned, himself with Diocletian and Maximian.
	www.geocities.com /Heartland/Lane/8771/coins.html (169 words)

	Carausius - Portrait Gallery of Roman Emperors on Coins
		Carausius is most famous in Romano-British history as the rebel turned usurper who successfully managed to maintain a 'British Empire' for six years in the face of Roman authority.
		Carausius, whose full name was Marcus Aurelius Mausaeus Carausius, was of the Menapii tribe who were from Belgica (modern Belgium and the Netherlands).
		Carausius decided to escape the emperor's wrath and he fled to Britain with his fleet and declared himself emperor.
	www.24carat.co.uk /carausius.html (753 words)

	carausius
		Before focusing upon the time when Maximianus, the colleague ofdiocletian, appointed Carausius admiral of the Roman fleet at Boulogne (Bononia)- and probably Dover, among one or two other sites-it is useful to briefly remind ourselves of the beginnings of Roman supremacy in Britain.
		Most sources appear to agree that Carausius was moreover a born leader, a plain, personable man, well able to secure the loyalty and even affection of his people.
		Always the practical leader, Carausius anticipated a strong Imperial reaction, and so rapidly initiated construction of numerous galleys, cemented strong alliances with various British tribes, and proceeded to train local inhabitants to be effective and patriotic sailor/warriors.
	www.deepfield.com /anoot/essay/carusius.htm (1629 words)

	MARCUS AURELIUS CARAUSIUS - LoveToKnow Article on MARCUS AURELIUS CARAUSIUS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Maximian and Diocletian were compelled to acknowledge the rule of Carausius in Britain; numerous coins are extant with the heads of Carausius, Diocletian and Maximian, bearing the legend Carausius et fratres sui.
		A copper coin found at Richborough, inscribed Domino Carausio Ces., must be ascribed to a Carausius of later date, since the type of the reverse is not found until the middle of the 4th century at the earliest.
		Nothing is known of this Carausius (A. Evans in Numisniatic Chronicle, 1887, On a coin of a second Carausius Caesar in Britain in the Fifth Century).
	www.1911ency.org /C/CA/CARAUSIUS_MARCUS_AURELIUS.htm (374 words)

	Allectus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		When Carausius lost control of northern Gaul and its crucial port of Bononia (modern Boulogne), Allectus assassinated him and took control, probably in autumn 293.
		They are found in north western Gaul, indicating that the recapture of Bononia did not spell the end of the rebel empire on that side of the English Channel.
		Geoffrey of Monmouth included Allectus in his semi-mythical mediaeval history and wrote that as soon as Allectus assumed the kingship of Britain, he massacred hundreds of supporters of Carausius for breaking their allegiance to Rome.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Allectus (262 words)

	Marcus Aurelius Mausaeus Carausius -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Carausius was given command of this fleet, which was based at Gesoriacum (modern Boulogne).
		Carausius was accused of waiting until after the pirates had carried out raids, then attacking them and seizing their cargoes for himself.
		Carausius was, of course, maligned by imperial chroniclers.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9020227 (864 words)

	BBC - History - Empire of Carausius 286 - 296 AD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Carausius was the admiral of the Classis Britannica (the Roman Navy in Britain).
		Because he spent much of 287 waging war against the Germans, Maximilian did not attempt to repress Carausius until the next year when he began to build a fleet for use against the rebel.
		However, by AD 293, the newly appointed Emperor, Constantius, was taking back his territories when Carausius was murdered by one on his own troops, Allectus.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/timelines/england/rom_empire_carausius.shtml (242 words)

	Carausius and Allectus
		In addition to Britain, Carausius must have controlled part of northern France, because it was necessary for Constantius I, who was made Caesar of the Western provinces on 1 March AD 293 and given the immediate task of recovering Britain, first to capture the port of Gesoriacum (Boulogne).
		Study of the coinage of Carausius and Allectus has always been hampered by the uncritical amassing of many coins which are either contemporary forgeries (barbarous), and the inclusion of misreadings, and otherwise hybrid or inadequately reported pieces.
		The coins of Carausius fell into this both these categories and forgers were quick to exploit the opportunities afforded by his initial antoniniani, which were of a poor style and execution, as well as the novelty of his silver coins.
	www.kenelks.co.uk /coins/carausius/carausius.htm (3522 words)

	1.2.2.6.2 The British Empire
		Maximian appointed Carausius to command his fleet, with orders to suppress pirates off the coasts of Gaul and Britain.
		Maximian initially could not suppress this rebellion, but in 293 Constantius took Boulogne; Carausius was overthrown, and Allectus was unable to resist a later invasion of Britain.
		He lacked the military ability of Carausius, and when Constantius landed in Britain in 297, Allectus was deceived by diversionary tactics, caught off balance and killed in battle.
	www.classicalcoins.com /page23.2.html (166 words)

	AllRefer.com - Carausius (Ancient History, Rome, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		He was stationed in Gaul, but Emperor Maximian suspected him of conspiring with the Germans and condemned him to death.
		Carausius fled to Britain and established his rule there, defying attempts to conquer him.
		Diocletian and Maximian finally recognized (c.289) him as coemperor, and he established his rule in NE Gaul as well as in Britain.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/Carausiu.html (179 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Maximianus
		Originally commander-in-chief of the Roman navy, Carausius had pursued and conquered the pirates of the German ocean; then, driven by greed and ambition, he had forced Britain to do homage to him, and seized the whole trade in Gaul and Britain.
		Even Diocletian, by a compromise in 290, was forced to recognize Carausius as the legal emperor, while the latter agreed to supply Diocletian with corn, as had been the custom.
		As Diocletian left Syria to enter the countries of the Lower Danube, he met Maximianus, and both the emperors crossed the Alps in the beginning of 291 in order to attend a conference at Milan, there to discuss the better administration of the empire and the improvement of the constitution.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/10074c.htm (869 words)

	World History Blog: Carausius and Allectus
		Command of this fleet was given to one of Maximian's lieutenants called Carausius, who had already demonstrated his skill and valour.
		In general they are in agreement, that Carausius first sailed round Britain and then, after landing in the north, defeated the Roman governor, Quintus Bassianus, in a battle fought near York.
		So little is known about Carausius that were it not for the famous Carlisle milestone we would not even be aware of his full name.
	world-history-blog.blogspot.com /2005/02/carausius-and-allectus.html (420 words)

	Tetrarchy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		But the position of Carausius was too strong and he took refuge in Britain, where he proclaimed himself emperor.
		Carausius continued to rule Britain and northern Gaul for another four years, issuing coins in which he declared himself the restorer and spirit of Britain, and legitimate colleague of the emperors, themselves.
		Boulogne was taken, which deprived Carausius control of the Channel or access to the Continent, and he soon was murdered by Allectus, his finance minister, who ruled in his place for three more years.
	itsa.ucsf.edu /~snlrc/britannia/ruins/tetrarchy.html (420 words)

	Tetrarchies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Facing a large problem of pirates along the northwestern coast of France, Maximianus appoints one of his generals, Carausius, to command a fleet to clear the seas.
		Carausius soon realizes that it is more profitable to wait until after the pirates had plundered and area before attacking them, and eventually turns to actual piracy himself.
		Carausius is murdered by his chief minister Allectus, who then declares himself emperor.
	www.ruark.org /coins/Tetrarchy (1084 words)

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