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Topic: Carbaryl

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	EXTOXNET PIP - CARBARYL
		Carbaryl is a wide-spectrum carbamate insecticide which controls over 100 species of insects on citrus, fruit, cotton, forests, lawns, nuts, ornamentals, shade trees, and other crops, as well as on poultry, livestock, and pets.
		Degradation of carbaryl in the soil is mostly due to sunlight and bacterial action.
		Appearance: Carbaryl is a solid that varies from colorless to white or gray, depending on the purity of the compound.
	extoxnet.orst.edu /pips/carbaryl.htm (1139 words)

	Carbaryl (EHC 153, 1994)
		The degradation of carbaryl in the environment is determined by the extent of the volatilization, photodecomposition, and chemical and microbial degradation occurring in soil, water, and plants.
		Carbaryl disappeared from all four types of water, which was considered to show that chemical processes played a major role, and biological processes, a secondary role, in the degradation of carbaryl in water.
		Pseudomonas phaseolicola and Aspergillus niger hydrolysed carbaryl to 1-naphthol.
	www.inchem.org /documents/ehc/ehc/ehc153.htm (14402 words)

	Carbaryl
		Carbaryl is formulated as a solid which varies from colorless to white to gray, depending on the purity of the compound.
		Carbaryl is a solid which varies from colorless to white or gray, depending on the purity of the compound.
		Carbaryl is soluble in ethanol, petroleum ether, diethyl ether,and chloroform; moderately soluble in polar solvents such as acetone, dimethyl sulfoxide, mixed cresols, and cyclohexanone.
	pmep.cce.cornell.edu /profiles/extoxnet/carbaryl-dicrotophos/carbaryl-ext.html (1562 words)

	TEC:TCYE: Carbaryl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Agricultural: Carbaryl is a wide-spectrum carbamate insecticide which controls over 100 species of insects on citrus, fruit, cotton, forests, lawns, nuts, ornamentals, shade trees, and other crops, as well as on poultry, livestock and pets.
		Carbaryl has a half-life of 7 days in aerobic soil and 28 days in anaerobic soil.
		Carbaryl is moderately toxic to aquatic organisms, such as rainbow and lake trout, bluegill, and cutthroat.
	www.nccnsw.org.au /member/tec/projects/tcye/tox/Carbaryl.html (477 words)

	Carbaryl re-assessed
		Carbaryl is used against ectoparasites of humans and animals, including against head lice on children(1,2).
		In 1987 carbaryl assessment by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) concluded that there were no data on cancer in humans and that the evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals was inadequate.
		Carbaryl is the tenth most commonly found pesticide in a 1994 total diet survey carried out by the US Food and Drug Administration(23).
	www.pan-uk.org /pestnews/actives/carbaryl.htm (1489 words)

	PANNA: Carbaryl. Caroline Cox. Journal of Pesticide Reform, Volume 13, Number 1, Spring 1993. Northwest Coalition for ...
		Effect of the pesticide carbaryl (Sevin) on the course of experimental Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection in rats.
		Effect of the insecticides toxaphene and carbaryl on induction of lung tumors by benzo[a]pyrene in the mouse.
		Carbaryl metabolism is inhibited by cimetidine in the isolated perfused rat liver and in man. Clin.
	www.panna.org /resources/pestis/PESTIS.1996.18.html (2161 words)

	EPA - Air Toxics Website - Carbaryl
		Carbaryl is an insecticide used on a variety of crops.
		Carbaryl is used as an insecticide on corn, soybean, cotton, fruit, nut, and vegetable crops, as well as in home yards and gardens.
		Carbaryl is a white crystalline solid that is slightly soluble in water.
	www.epa.gov /ttn/atw/hlthef/carbaryl.html (1028 words)

	PANNA: Carbaryl, Part 2. Caroline Cox. Journal of Pesticide Reform, Volume 13, Number 2, Summer 1993. Northwest ...
		Carbaryl's persistence in soil has been measured between two and sixteen weeks.19 Occasionally, however, it can persist much longer (up to 16 months).12,13 Drift: Humans are exposed to carbaryl when the insecticide drifts from an agricultural, forestry, or other application.
		Bees: Carbaryl is acutely toxic to bees, including the honey bee, leaf cutter bees, and alkali bees (the latter two species are important pollinators of seed alfalfa.)33 Carbaryl poisoning of beehives is an important economic problem.
		Carbaryl and endosulphan induced alterations in the intestinal a-amylase activity of Pheretima posthuma.
	www.panna.org /resources/pestis/PESTIS.1996.19.html (3169 words)

	Carbaryl, Pesticide Fact Sheet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Carbaryl is not expected to persist in aquatic environments.
		Aquatic Animals: Carbaryl is moderately toxic to fish, and is moderately toxic to highly toxic to aquatic invertebrate animals.
		Carbaryl is a weak mutagen and had only a low potential to cause birth defects.
	infoventures.com /e-hlth/pestcide/carbary.html (2080 words)

	CARBARYL - OG
		In an affidavit, Dr. Lijinsky states that "Nitroso carbaryl, in my opinion, is readily formed in the human stomach when carbaryl residues combine chemically with nitrites." He points out that nitrites are found in cured meats and fish, frankfurters, bacon, ham and bologna.
		Their conclusion: Where carbaryl is applied at recommended rates (2 pounds per acre for strawberries and one pound per acre for potatoes, or 20.8 and 10.4 milligrams per square foot), children should not be allowed back in the fields for 40 days.
		The label states that carbaryl dust "may be applied up to harvest." That sounds like you could go out into the garden with a canister of Sevin in one hand and a salt shaker in the other.
	www.dontspraycalifornia.org /carbarylog.htm (1367 words)

	Carbaryl in Northwest streams
		Carbaryl is currently under scrutiny by federal regulators and wildlife agencies.
		The agency is responding to a petition by farm worker, beekeeper, and environmental organizations to ban all uses of carbaryl.
		The EPA is also revisiting its assessments of whether carbaryl and other pesticides harm threatened salmon, as part of a pledge to improve its scientific methods.
	www.pesticide.org /carbarylnr.html (495 words)

	CARBARYL (SEVIN) - (Organic Method #63) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Carbaryl inactivates cholinesterase, resulting in the accumulation of acetylcholine at the synapses in the nervous system, at neuromuscular junctions of the skeletal and smooth muscles, and secretory glands.
		Six samples, spiked by liquid injection with carbaryl, and a draft copy of this procedure were given to a chemist unassociated with this evaluation.
		The recovery of carbaryl from the samples was approximately equal to the detection limit of the analytical procedure.
	www.osha-slc.gov /dts/sltc/methods/organic/org063/org063.html (2606 words)

	Carbaryl -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Carbaryl (1-naphthol,N-methylcarbamate, (Click link for more info and facts about CAS number) CAS number 63-25-2) is a chemical in the (A salt (or ester) of carbamic acid) carbamate family used chiefly as an (A chemical used to kill insects) insecticide.
		It kills various beneficial insect and crustacean species along with the pests it is intended for, so care must be taken when spraying in areas where such species are present.
		Carbaryl is acutely toxic to (Social bee often domesticated for the honey it produces) honeybees and can destroy colonies of bees that are foraging in an area where the chemical has been applied.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/ca/carbaryl.htm (234 words)

	Appeal of Carbaryl Decision (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Carbaryl is considered to be extremely toxic to bees, a major concern given the current decline in pollinator populations across the globe.
		Carbaryl is readily absorbed through the skin.2 This makes the adequacy of protective clothing worn by applicants, as well as the presence of other humans in the area where Carbaryl is being applied a special concern.
		According to our research Carbaryl is extremely toxic to bees and other beneficial insects.5 In her paper Caroline Cox sites one study in Connecticut that found 60% of contaminated beehives had been poisoned with Carbaryl.
	www.uec-utah.org /carbaryl.htm (2353 words)

	carbaryl on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Differences in sorption behaviour of carbaryl and phosalone in soils from Australia, Pakistan, and the United Kingdom.(Statistical Data Included)
		Influence of acephate and carbaryl ingested from prey on development, mortality, and survival of the spined soldier bug, Podisus maculiventris (Say) (hemiptera: pentatomidae).
		Biofilm growth in pond mesocosms after disturbance by carbaryl as measured by three-dimensional, confocal imaging.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/x/x-carbaryl.asp (255 words)

	Tidepool \| Carbaryl
		The NPDES permit outlined a number of requirements for the oyster growers: It limits them to eight pounds of Carbaryl per acre; It prevented them from spraying if the wind speed is greater than 10 miles per hour; It stopped spraying near channels, sloughs, and oysters within one year of harvest.
		Schreder said Carbaryl's persistency was ignored until the late 1990s, when Ecology completed a study on the matter.
		Even when crab Carbaryl casualties are taken into account, oyster beds may have a positive impact on the species recruitment.
	www.tidepool.org /ctc/ctc.carbaryl2.cfm (3483 words)

	Spectrum Laboratories : Chemical Fact Sheet - Cas # 63252
		Carbaryl is also expected to biodegrade slowly in the soil.
		AQUATIC FATE: One ppm of carbaryl was incubated in autoclaved and unautoclaved creek
		Carbaryl was completely degraded after 4 weeks incubation in the dark at 21 deg C in water from
	www.speclab.com /compound/c63252.htm (1172 words)

	EPA: Pesticides - Index of Cleared Reviews for 056801
		The Effect of Carbaryl on Reproduction in the Rhesus Monkey.
		Carbaryl on the Synthesis and Degradation of Catecholamines
		Carbaryl: RPAR Status and Use on Tussock Moth.
	www.epa.gov /pesticides/foia/reviews/056801.htm (734 words)

	Predator-induced stress makes the pesticide carbaryl more deadly to gray treefrog tadpoles (Hyla versicolor) -- Relyea ...
		Carbaryl is applied to croplands (>100 crop species), rangelands, forests, wetlands, oceans, and sewage treatment plants to
		Activity and growth rate of gray treefrog tadpoles reared in the presence or absence of predatory cues combined with the addition of water (W; a negative control), acetone (A; a solvent control), or carbaryl (numbers along the x axis represent carbaryl concentrations in mg/liter).
		decomposed, biological breakdown of carbaryl is negligible (41).
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/98/5/2491 (3547 words)

	Documentation for Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs)
		Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: Because no useful data on acute inhalation toxicity are available for carbaryl, the chosen IDLH is based on the rat oral LD of 89 mg/kg [Boyd and Taylor 1971 cited by NIOSH 1974].
		In addition, ACGIH [1971] reported that female rats may occasionally be killed by a single oral dose of 100 mg/kg [Gaines 1969].
		Comparative ester hydrolysis of carbaryl and ethiofencarb in four mammalian species.
	www.cdc.gov /niosh/idlh/63252.html (252 words)

	The Georgia Pest Management Newsletter
		Broccoli - Azinphos-methyl, Bensulide, Benomyl, Captan, Carbaryl, Chlorothalonil, Chlorpyrifos, Diazinon, Dichloropropene, Dimethoate, Disulfoton, Fonofos, Iprodione, Malathion, Maneb, Metam, Methamidophos, Methomyl, Naled, Oxydemeton-methyl, Parathion-methyl, Thiodicarb
		Cabbage - Azinphos-methyl, Bensulide, Benomyl, Captan, Carbaryl, Chlorothalonil, Chlorpyrifos, Diazinon, Dichloropropene, Dimethoate, Disulfoton, Ethoprop, Fenamiphos, Fonofos, Malathion, Maneb, Metam, Methamidophos, Methomyl, Naled, Oxydemeton-methyl, Parathion-methyl, Thiodicarb
		Strawberry - Azinphos-methyl, Benomyl, Captan, Carbaryl, Carbofuran, Chlorpyrifos, Diazinon, Dichloropropene, Fenamiphos, Fonofos, Iprodione, Malathion, Metam, Methomyl, Naled, Thiophanate-methyl, Vinclozolin
	pubs.caes.uga.edu /caespubs/entomology/pestnewsletter/jul97news.html (3371 words)

	Urban Entomology [Ebeling Chap. 9 part 3] Pests Attacking Mand and His Pets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Except for malathion and ronnel, when these pesticides are used indoors they should be applied only as "spot treatments" to the usual harborage sites.
		Recommended treatments are washes of 1 % coumaphos or 0.5% malathion, or dusts of 5%, carbaryl, 0.5% coumaphos, 1% trichlorfon, or 3 to 5% malathion.
		The coumaphos wash or trichlorfon dust should not be used on dogs under 2 months of age.
	www.entomology.ucr.edu /ebeling/ebel9-3.html (19692 words)

	Carbaryl - toxicity, ecologicial toxicity and regulatory information
		Carbaryl - Identification, toxicity, use, water pollution potential, ecological toxicity and regulatory information
		There may be other diseases and chemicals that have similar symptoms.
		Quickview Toxicity Summary for Carbaryl from U.S. EPA IRIS Database
	www.pesticideinfo.org /Detail_Chemical.jsp?Rec_Id=PC32816 (1149 words)

	Safety and Health Topics: Carbaryl
		NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Carbaryl: chemical description, physical properties, potentially hazardous incompatibilities, and more
		2) Metabolized in the liver by several cytochrome P450 isozymes to 5-hydroxycarbaryl (CYP1A1 and 1A2), 4-hydroxycarbaryl (CYP3A4 and 1A1) and carbaryl methylol (CYP2B6).
		Tang, J., Cao, Y., Rose, R.L. and Hodgson, E.: In vitro metabolism of carbaryl by human cytochrome P450 and its inhibition by chlorpyrifos.
	www.osha.gov /dts/chemicalsampling/data/CH_225100.html (449 words)

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