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	CREOSOTE - LoveToKnow Article on CREOSOTE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Creosote, like carbolic acid, is a powerful antiseptic, and readily coagulates albuminous matter; wood-smoke and pyroligneous acid or wood-vinegar owe to its presence their efficacy in preserving animal and vegetable substances from putrefaction.
		Although carbolic acid has no value in phthisis (pulmonary tuberculosis) or in any other bacterial condition of the lu~ngs, creosote, having volatile constituents which are excreted in the expired air and which are powerfully antiseptic, may well be of much value in these~conditions.
		Like carbolic acid, creosote may be used in toothache, and the local antiseptic and anaesthetic action which it shares with that substance is often of value in relieving gastric pain due to simple ulcer or cancer, and in those forms of vomiting which are due to gastric irritation.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /C/CR/CREOSOTE.htm (591 words)

	On the Antiseptic Principle of the Practice of Surgery. 1867. Lister, Joseph. 1909-14. On the Antiseptic Principle of ...
		The material which I have employed is carbolic or phenic acid, a volatile organic compound, which appears to exercise a peculiarly destructive influence upon low forms of life, and hence is the most powerful antiseptic with which we are at present acquainted.
		The carbolic acid, though it prevents decomposition, induces suppuration—obviously by acting as a chemical stimulus; and we may safely infer that putrescent organic materials (which we know to be chemically acrid) operate in the same way.
		In order to prevent evaporation of the acid, which passes readily through any organic tissue, such as oiled silk or gutta percha, it is well to cover the paste with a sheet of block tin, or tinfoil strengthened with adhesive plaster.
	www.bartleby.com /38/6/1.html (2542 words)

	Potter: Compend Materia Medica, 1902: Antizymotics: Carbolic acid—Phenol (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Its claims to be considered an acid are very feeble, as, though it has a faint acid reaction and combines with salifiable bases, it is incapable of neutralizing alkalies, and its combinations are decomposed by the feeblest acids, sometimes even by water.
		Carbolic acid coagulates albumen or collodion (Creosote does not), and by the addition of nitric acid it is converted into Picric Acid, etc., (Creosote into Oxalic Acid).
		Carbolic Acid is a powerful antiseptic and antiferment, deodorizer and disinfectant, being very destructive to low forms of life when used in sufficient strength.
	www.ibiblio.org /herbmed/eclectic/potter-comp/carbolic-acid.html (1734 words)

	King's American Dispensatory, 1898: Acidum Salicylicum (U. S. P.)—Salicylic Acid. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It is inodorous, but the crude salicylic acid in course of preparation, from wintergreen oil, possesses, from the presence of foreign matters, the peculiar odor of fresh willow bark, an odor familiar to those who have visited willow plantations, and have become impressed with the exhalation from freshly-stripped willows.
		Salicylic acid imparts to the urine a characteristic olive-green tint.
		Letzerich states that upon the addition of salicylic acid to the diphtheritic organisms in the urine of children affected with severe diphtheria, and which consisted of bacteria, micrococci, and protoplasmic masses, the bacteria were destroyed, and the corpuscles of the plasmic substance became dim, presented a double margin, and apparently contained air-bubbles.
	www.ibiblio.org /herbmed/eclectic/kings/acidum-sali.html (3496 words)

	ANTISEPTICS - LoveToKnow Article on ANTISEPTICS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The more important of those in use to-day are rbolic acid, the perchloride and biniodide of mercury, iodo- W rm, formalin, salicylic acid, andc.
		Carbolic acid is germicidal in th ong solution, inhibitory in weaker ones.
		Boracic acid receives no mention here; though it is rn pularly known as an antiseptic, it is in reality ohly a soothing he Lid, and bacteria will flourish comfortably in contact with it.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /A/AN/ANTISEPTICS.htm (947 words)

	Countway Medical Library - Records Management - Image of the Month, January 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Through his research, Lister had heard that 'carbolic acid,' a coal-tar derivative used to preserve railway tracks and ships' timbers, was effective in controlling typhoid, which was spread in sewage, and in curing cattle of parasites.
		By cleaning wounds and dressing his patients with carbolic acid, Lister was able to keep his hospital ward in Glasgow free of infection for nine months.
		This was primarily because the carbolic acid proved to be caustic to the skin and body tissues, and sometimes caused poisoning.
	www.countway.med.harvard.edu /archives/iotm/iotm_2003-01.shtml?thematic (890 words)

	Scientific Anti-Vivisectionism ->
		Around this time, Carl Thiersch, a Leipzig surgeon, was concerned about the damaging effectsof carbolic acid and approached Hermann Kolbe, a professor of chemistry, who suggested that a carbolic acid analogue - salicylate acid - might be suitable, and devised a method for synthesising this.
		Carl Buss of St Gallen, Switzerland, used salicylate acid as a routine disinfectant to patients with typhoid and found that although it was an obvious antipyretic, it did not lower the body temperature by curing the thyphoid infection.
		During the 1880s, it was found, clinically, that large doses of salicylate acid for control of rheumatic fever caused an unpleasant taste and vomiting in some patients.
	www.freewebs.com /scientific_anti_vivisectionism9/analgesicaspirin.htm (670 words)

	Carbolic Acid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Carbolic Acid, a well known compound of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
		It is obtained in the distillation of coal tar.
		Two or three drops of pure carbolic acid are sufficient to cause death.
	www.factopia.com /aiton-encyclopedia-vol1/carbolic-acid.htm (107 words)

	Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine: Physiologic and Functional Anomalies (Part 5)
		According to Taylor, the smallest quantity of oxalic acid causing death is one dram.
		Salicylic acid in medicinal doses frequently causes untoward symptoms, such as dizziness, transient delirium, diminution of vision, headache, and profuse perspiration; petechial eruptions and intense gastric symptoms have also been noticed.
		Sulphuric acid causes death from its corrosive action, and when taken in excessive quantities it produces great gastric disturbance; however, there are persons addicted to taking oil of vitriol without any apparent untoward effect.
	www.oslermarine.com /anomalies09e.html (13341 words)

	CARBOLIC. ACID. - THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PURE MATERIA MEDICA By TIMOTHY F. ALLEN, A.M., M.D.
		The addition of strong Sulphuric acid to it causes a purple color, changing rapidly to blue; no odor of Carbolic acid is given off.
		Immediately after the child swallowed the acid, he began to run around the room crying; on being taken up he instantly became unconscious, turned livid in the face, his eyes staring, breathing slowly and noisily, and foaming at the mouth and nose.
		Almost immediately afterward she was seized with convulsions, and there was a complete loss of consciousness, cold perspiration, imperceptible pulse, strong odor of Carbolic acid in breath; lips, tongue, gums, and pharynx covered with a white slough.
	www.homeoint.org /allen/c/carb-ac-4.htm (2834 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Believing infection to be caused by airborne dust particles, Lister sprayed the air with carbolic acid, a chemical that was then being used to treat foul-smelling sewers.
		By applying carbolic acid to instruments and directly to wounds and dressings, Lister reduced surgical mortality to 15 percent by 1869.
		The carbolic steam spray device invented by Joseph Lister in 1865 is credited with lowering the surgical mortality rate of the 1860s from 50 percent to approximately 15 percent.
	web.bryant.edu /~ehu/h364proj/sprg_98/maraglia/lister.htm (268 words)

	carbolic anticeptic sprayer Dittrick Medical History Center - Case Western Reserve University
		Before beginning the operation, Dr. Weber would carefully spray his luxuriant beard with 5% carbolic acid and, as soon as the operation began, two atomizers spraying from opposite sides kept the wound continually bathed in carbolic acid mist.
		The making of the carbolic solutions was usually left to the hospital interns, and frequently the acid was so poorly mixed that large globules floated in the solutions in which we bathed our hands or immersed our instruments.
		I think it was due chiefly to the free use of iodoform and carbolic acid, whose disagreeable odor clung to ones clothes and hair and became particularly noticeable when in a warm room, that I contracted a habit of not going to church.
	www.cwru.edu /artsci/dittrick/site2/museum/artifacts/group-b/b-2-sprayer.htm (450 words)

	HNN - HuntingtonNews.Net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		On a shelf in the closet had been placed the bottle of carbolic acid, which had been used for disinfecting purposes during the smallpox epidemic last summer.
		All this required but a few minutes and the mother, busily engaged, and did not see what the child was doing until she heard his fearful scream as the deadly drug touched his lips.
		She immediately sprang to his side, but it was too late to prevent his swallowing an ounce of the deadly acid.
	www.huntingtonnews.net /columns/100yrs2.8.04.html (653 words)

	Carbolic acid -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Besides serving as the generic name for the entire family, the term phenol is also the specific name for its simplest member, monohydroxybenzene (C6H5OH), also known as benzenol, or carbolic acid.
		Lesson plant on the affects of acid rain on the environment.
		Nucleic acids are most important as the structural elements that make up both DNA and RNA.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-9310568?tocId=9310568&query=wood (644 words)

	Chemical & Engineering News \| Reel Science -- Review (Vera Drake)
		Carbolic acid is a venerable term for phenol, which ionizes slightly in solution and therefore acts as a mild acid.
		Carbolic acid played a key role in the development of modern surgery—British surgeon Joseph Lister introduced it in the 1860s as an antiseptic for cleaning wounds to prevent infection.
		Carbolic acid solutions also induce abortion when administered internally, but this can cause life-threatening side effects.
	pubs.acs.org /cen/reelscience/reviews/vera_drake (456 words)

	Chapter Caracara <i>to</i> Carboxyl of C by Webster's Dictionary (1913 Edition)
		It is the phenyl salt of isocyanic acid.
		A salt of carbazotic or picric acid; a picrate.
		To apply carbolic acid to; to wash or treat with carbolic acid.
	www.bibliomania.com /2/3/257/1194/22157/3.html (301 words)

	DR. JOSEPH LISTER: MEDICAL REVOLUTIONARY
		As the famous saying went, "The operation was a success, but the patient died." In the 1870's, Lister was the first to treat wounds with dressings soaked in carbolic acid.
		Lister had heard that 'carbolic acid,' a coal-tar derivative used to preserve railway tracks and ships’ timbers, was effective in treating sewage in Carlise, and in curing cattle of parasites.
		Carbolic spray, however, was caustic to the skin and body tissues, and sometimes caused poisoning.
	www3.bc.sympatico.ca /st_simons/cr9801.htm (857 words)

	AllRefer.com - carbolic acid (Organic Chemistry) - Encyclopedia
		AllRefer.com - carbolic acid (Organic Chemistry) - Encyclopedia
		Topics that might be of interest to you:
		More articles from AllRefer Reference on carbolic acid
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/X/X-carbolic.html (110 words)

	PowerLabs Picric Acid Production
		Picric Acid is used in electric batteries, leather industry, dies, pigments, inks, paints, manufacture of colored glass, textile mordants, as a laboratory reagent, in matches and explosives.
		It is made by dissolving picric acid crystals in 15 parts hot, steaming distilled water and adding clear ammonia in excess, allowing the excess ammonia to evaporate (excess ammonia should not be used as it will form a red precipitate that is more sensitive than pure Ammonium Picrate.
		This is important because Acetylsalicylic acid is the active ingredient in aspirin and can be obtained by dissolving them in hot ethanol (20 500mG pills per 100mL), filtering out the buffers, and allowing the pure acid to crystallize out.
	www.powerlabs.org /chemlabs/picric.htm (1254 words)

	NewsScan Publishing Inc. - NewsScan Daily Archives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Because carbolic acid was then in use for deodorizing sewage, Lister experimented with spraying a solution of it on instruments, surgical incisions, and dressings.
		Gradually the evidence accumulated to show that Lister's carbolic acid solutions significantly reduced the incidence of post-operative infection.
		After six years he got a professorship of surgery at Glasgow, where disturbed by the high incidence of infection in wounds, he began his early experiments on fighting bacterial infections with carbolic acid sprays, succeeding in reducing surgical mortality to 15% by the year 1860.
	www.newsscan.com /cgi-bin/findit_view?table=honorary_subscriber&id=762 (495 words)

	AUFBAU1 [ORGANIC CHEMISTRY: BIOCIDES]
		The first antiseptic was 'Carbolic acid' (phenol), introduced by Lister in 1867, and two in household use today are 'TCP' (2,4,6-trichlorophenol) and 'Dettol' (3,5-dimethyl-4-chlorophenol).
		Compound "V", better known as salicylic acid, and structurally related to aspirin ("X"), is used as an antiseptic and as a food preservative.
		Because salicylic acid is only slightly soluble in water, manufacturers prefer to use the water-soluble sodium salt.
	www.wissensdrang.com /auf1cide.htm (597 words)

	Chapter Phelloderm <i>to</i> Philomathy of P by Webster's Dictionary (1913 Edition)
		It has a peculiar odor, somewhat resembling creosote, which is a complex mixture of phenol derivatives.
		It is of the type of alcohols, and is called also phenyl alcohol, but has acid properties, and hence is popularly called carbolic acid, and was formerly called phenic acid.
		any one of a series of compounds which are at once derivatives of both phenol and some member of the fatty acid series; thus, salicylic acid is a phenol acid.
	www.bibliomania.com /2/3/257/1207/23615/2.html (381 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Carbon Acid was sprayed on patients during operations to kill the
		Here is a picture of the carbolic acid being sprayed on the patient during an operation.
		Here is a bottle of carbolic acid, in the device they used to spray on the patients during the operations (Shown above)
	www.beaconschool.org /~nmalone/Lister.html (181 words)

	Carbolic Acid Dewpoint (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		We are studying the formation of acid rain, however, one of the constituents, carbolic acid seems not to be available from published data.
		It is not at all the same thing as carbonic acid, and is not related to carbon dioxide!
		Richard E. Barrans Jr., Ph.D. Assistant Director PG Research Foundation, Darien, Illinois ======================================================== I believe that you mean "carboNic acid" formed by CO2 dissolved in water, not "carboLic acid", which is the old name for phenol.
	www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/chem00/chem00669.htm (281 words)

	CARBOLIC ACID - Online Information article about CARBOLIC ACID
		benzene), C6H5OH, an acid found in the urine of the herbivorae, and in small quantity in castoreum (F. See also:
		heating phenol carboxylic acids with baryta; and, in small quantities by the oxidation of benzene with See also:
		general formulae have been obtained by H. End of Article: CARBOLIC ACID
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /CAL_CAR/CARBOLIC_ACID.html (489 words)

	CHAPTER 23. CAUSTIC ALKALI, ACIDS OR CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Hydrochloric acid and any preparation containing free or chemically unneutralized hydrochloric acid (HCl) in a concentration of 10 percent or more;
		Carbolic acid (C6H5OH), otherwise known as phenol, and any preparation containing carbolic acid in a concentration of 5 percent or more;
		Hypochlorous acid, either free or combined, and any preparation containing the same in a concentration so as to yield 10 percent or more by weight of available chlorine excluding calx chlorinata, bleaching powder and chloride of lime;
	www.delcode.state.de.us /title16/c023 (679 words)

	carbolic acid -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		Organic compound, simplest member of the class of phenols.
		The phenol coefficient is a number that expresses the germicidal action of a chemical compared with that of phenol.
		More results on "carbolic acid" when you join.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9359775?tocId=9359775 (676 words)

	Chemical Peel
		A chemical peel is the application of an acid to the skin to achieve a controlled burn to the top layers of skin.
		The type and concentration of acid controls the depth of the burn used to achieve superficial, medium, and deep peels.
		These acids can be mixed with a bleaching agent to correct uneven pigmentation.
	www.ehealthmd.com /library/cosmeticsurgery/CS_peel.html (882 words)

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