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Topic: Carbon dating

	Carbon Dating
		Carbon dating is a variety of radioactive dating which is applicable only to matter which was once living and presumed to be in equilibrium with the atmosphere, taking in carbon dioxide from the air for photosynthesis.
		Carbon dating of ancient bristlecone pine trees of ages around 6000 years have provided general corroboration of carbon dating and have provided some corrections to the data.
		One can count atoms of different masses with a mass spectrometer, but that is problematic for carbon dating because of the low concentration of carbon-14 and the existence of nitrogen-14 and CH which have essentially the same mass.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/nuclear/cardat.html (0 words)

	Carbon Dating (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A less-common form of the carbon atom, carbon-14, is used today by scientists as a method to date once-living organisms.
		Carbon dating assumes that the ratio has remained constant; however, events, such as the industrial revolution, are known to have raised C12 levels.
		Finally, carbon dating has been shown untrustworthy with some present day aquatic specimens that were concluded to be thousands of years old.
	www.creationevidence.org /scientific_evid/carbon/se_carbon.html (394 words)

	Carbon 14 Dating On Shroud of Turin Were Botched 2005
		This is not a condemnation of carbon 14 dating.
		The carbon 14 dating of the Shroud is famous because those who had difficulty accepting the results were ridiculed and called fanatics by tough-minded skeptics.
		In the case of the Shroud it was the carbon 14 testers that were fooled.
	www.shroudstory.com /faq-carbon-14.htm (0 words)

	Carbon Dating
		This is how carbon dating works: Carbon is a naturally abundant element found in the atmosphere, in the earth, in the oceans, and in every living creature.
		Carbon dating is controversial for a couple of reasons.
		And finally, this dating scheme is controversial because the dates derived are often wildly inconsistent.
	www.allaboutarchaeology.org /carbon-dating.htm (0 words)

	Dating Exhibit
		Radio-carbon dating is a method of obtaining age estimates on organic materials.
		Radioactive carbon, produced when nitrogen 14 is bombarded by cosmic rays in the atmosphere, drifts down to earth and is absorbed from the air by plants.
		The accuracy of radiocoarbon dating was tested on objects with dates that were already known through historical records such as parts of the dead sea scrolls and some wood from an Egyptian tomb.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/archaeology/dating/radio_carbon.html (700 words)

	Carbon Dating Background
		Carbon dating is used to determine the age of biological artifacts up to 50,000 years old.
		The age of the carbon in the rock is different from that of the carbon in the air and makes carbon dating data for those organisms inaccurate under the assumptions normally used for carbon dating.
		Carbon dating cannot be used on most fossils, not only because they are almost always too old, but also because they rarely contain the original carbon of the organism.
	www.acad.carleton.edu /curricular/BIOL/classes/bio302/Pages/CarbonDatingBack.html (1009 words)

	Carbon-14 Dating
		Dating methods (currently Carbon-14) are cited as definitely proving that man has been on the earth for at least 30,000 years.
		The C-14 method of dating is used to determine the age of vegetables and animal remains.
		Plants, by means of photosynthesis, and animals, by respiration and feeding on plants and one another, incorporate atmospheric carbon into their tissues, a process that is assumed to cease when the tissues die.
	www.wrestedscriptures.com /c03carbon-14/carbon14.html (1321 words)

	Dating Exhibit
		Radio-carbon dating is a method of obtaining age estimates on organic materials.
		Radioactive carbon, produced when nitrogen 14 is bombarded by cosmic rays in the atmosphere, drifts down to earth and is absorbed from the air by plants.
		The accuracy of radiocoarbon dating was tested on objects with dates that were already known through historical records such as parts of the dead sea scrolls and some wood from an Egyptian tomb.
	emuseum.mnsu.edu /archaeology/dating/radio_carbon.html (700 words)

	Two Carbon 14 Dating Methods
		Shroud of Turin and the Resurrection of Jesus : Carbon 14 Dating the Shroud of Turin
		Radiometric: The radiation emitted by the carbon 14 in a sample is measured.
		Carbon 14 testing is only accurate for material that is less than 50,000 years old.
	www.shroudofturin4journalists.com /Details/c14b.htm (0 words)

	Carbon Dating Catastrophe with the Shroud of Turin
		A Carbon Dating Catastrophe with the Shroud of Turin
		The carbon 14 dating conducted in 1988 seemed conclusive: The Shroud of Turin was not, as millions of people believed, the authentic burial Shroud of Jesus.
		Let's be perfectly clear: carbon 14 dating is an excellent and very accurate scientific method for determining the age of many things as old as 50,000 years.
	www.factsplusfacts.com /carbon-14-turin-shroud.htm (1795 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Carbon-14 Dating Works"
		In this article, we will examine the methods by which scientists use radioactivity to determine the age of objects, most notably carbon-14 dating.
		Carbon-14 dating is a way of determining the age of certain archeological artifacts of a biological origin up to about 50,000 years old.
		It is used in dating things such as bone, cloth, wood and plant fibers that were created in the relatively recent past by human activities.
	science.howstuffworks.com /carbon-14.htm (161 words)

	Carbon 14 Dating Archeological Successes: 2005 Facts
		Some papyrus manuscripts contain exact dates when they were written and others have been dated using paleography, a method of determining a date from the style of characters.
		Carbon 14 dating of this material has revealed that the first circle of Stonehenge was constructed in about 3100 BCE.
		Carbon 14 dating is helping to map the migrations of ancient peoples throughout the America's, Asia, Africa and Europe and throughout the world; expand our knowledge of ancient civilizations and clarify and validate the dates of artifacts.
	www.factsplusfacts.com /carbon-14-archeology.htm (1365 words)

	How accurate are Carbon-14 and other radioactive dating methods? - ChristianAnswers.Net
		Carbon Dating in many cases seriously embarrasses evolutionists by giving ages that are much younger than those expected from their model of early history.
		C date was not due to contamination and that the “date” was valid, within the standard (long ages) understanding of this dating system.
		Tree ring dating (dendrochronology) has been used in an attempt to extend the calibration of the calibration of carbon-14 dating earlier than historical records allow, but this depends on temporal placement of fragments of wood (from long dead trees) using carbon-14 dating, assuming straight-line extrapolation backwards.
	www.christiananswers.net /q-aig/aig-c007.html (5481 words)

	The method
		The radiocarbon method is based on the rate of decay of the radioactive or unstable carbon isotope 14 (14C), which is formed in the upper atmosphere through the effect of cosmic ray neutrons upon nitrogen 14.
		The first acid test of the new method was based upon radiocarbon dating of known age samples primarily from Egypt (the dates are shown in the diagram by the red lines, each with a ±1 standard deviation included).
		Briefly, the initial solid carbon method developed by Libby and his collaborators was replaced with the Gas counting method in the 1950's.
	www.c14dating.com /int.html (1743 words)

	Radio dating, Carbon Dating. Creation Science.
		Radio carbon dating, radio isotope dating, and isochron dating, are methods used by scientists to determine the age of the earth, the latter two of which measure the known half life of radioactive decay in elements, such as for example the decay of uranium into what is known as the daughter element of lead.
		Outside the field of dating manuscript fragments back to the time of Luke's chat with Mary, or Jericho to the time of Joshua, radio carbon dating is insulted and ridiculed for indicating that objects are tens and tens of thousands of years old, simply because this is not convenient as religious propaganda.
		Radio carbon dating is thus the most easily open to ridicule and scorn by Creationist apologists, since ridicule is their chosen method to attempt to undermine and subvert the results of almost every scientific dating technique, well, with the few exceptions noted above.
	www.awitness.org /bible_commentary/genesis/radio_carbon_dating.html (1084 words)

	Radiocarbon Dating
		Also, the stratigraphy should be carefully examined to determine that a carbon sample location was not contaminated by carbon from a later or an earlier period.
		To compensate for this variation, dates obtained from radiocarbon laboratories are now corrected using standard calibration tables developed in the past 15-20 years.
		Using radiocarbon dating, archaeologists during the past 30 years have been able to obtain a much needed global perspective on the timing of major prehistoric events such as the development of agriculture in various parts of the world.
	id-archserve.ucsb.edu /Anth3/Courseware/Chronology/08_Radiocarbon_Dating.html (853 words)

	Carbon Dating (Site not responding. Last check: )
		C 14 dating provided an accurate means of dating a wide variety of organic material in most archaeological sites, and indeed in most environments throughout the world.
		The element carbon is abundant in nature, and is a basic building block of all living things.
		That is one of the reasons that C 14 dating is useful in archaeology, whereas potassium or uranium isotopes with much longer half-lives are used to date really ancient geological events that must be measured in millions or billions of years.
	www.flmnh.ufl.edu /natsci/vertpaleo/aucilla10_1/Carbon.htm (1223 words)

	Carbon Dating: Why you cant trust it or other radiometric dating methods. creation evolution young earth evidence old ...
		Carbon dating is based on the assumption that the amount of C14 in the atmosphere has always been the same.
		Carbon dating makes an animal living 4 thousand years ago (when there was less atmospheric carbon) appear to have lived thousands of years before it actually did.
		Carbon dating is frequently an embarrassment to Scientists.
	www.angelfire.com /mi/dinosaurs/carbondating.html (1888 words)

	How is carbon dating done?
		Carbon 14 (C14) is an isotope of carbon with 8 neutrons instead of the more common 6 neutrons.
		This means that given a statistically large sample of carbon 14, we know that if we sit it in a box, go away, and come back in 5730 years, half of it will still be carbon 14, and the other half will have decayed.
		Carbon 14 dating is not great for dating things like a year old because if much less than 1 half-life has passed, barely any of the carbon 14 has decayed, and it is difficult to measure the difference in rates and know with certainty the time involved.
	www.physlink.com /Education/AskExperts/ae403.cfm (754 words)

	Shroud of Turin Facts Check: Carbon 14 Dating Biggest Mistake
		Carbon 14 dating in 1988 did not prove that the Turin Shroud was medieval.
		Splices and the presence of dyestuff and cotton fibers suggest that the carbon 14 samples were taken from a medieval repair patch to the cloth.
		But Rogers found that the carbon 14 sample was taken from a mended area of the cloth that contained significant amounts of newer material.
	www.factsplusfacts.com (2481 words)

	What about carbon dating?
		Such a re-calibration makes sense of anomalous data from carbon dating—for example, very discordant ‘dates’ for different parts of a frozen musk ox carcass from Alaska and an inordinately slow rate of accumulation of ground sloth dung pellets in the older layers of a cave where the layers were carbon dated.
		Tree ring dating (dendrochronology) has been used in an attempt to extend the calibration of carbon-14 dating earlier than historical records allow, but this depends on temporal placement of fragments of wood (from long dead trees) using carbon-14 dating, assuming straight-line extrapolation backwards.
		With sloth cave dung, standard carbon dates of the lower layers suggested less than 2 pellets per year were produced by the sloths.
	www.answersingenesis.org /docs2002/carbon_dating.asp (5710 words)

	Carbon-14 Dating
		As you learned in the previous page, carbon dating uses the half-life of Carbon-14 to find the approximate age of an object that is 40,000 years old or younger.
		In order to date the fossil, the amount of Carbon-14 is compared to the amount of Carbon-12 (the stable form of carbon) to determine how much radiocarbon has decayed.
		By measuring the ratio of carbon-12 to carbon-14 in the sample and comparing it to the ratio in a living organism, it is possible to determine the age of the fossil.
	www.ndt-ed.org /EducationResources/HighSchool/Radiography/carbon14dating.htm (597 words)

	Carbon Dating
		Carbon dating can be used on material which was living in the last few tens of thousands of years, and which got its carbon from the air.
		Carbon 14 is a radioactive isotope of carbon.
		In short, unless you have evidence to the contrary, you should assume that most of the carbon in a fossil is from contamination, and is not originally part of the fossil.
	www.don-lindsay-archive.org /creation/carbon.html (937 words)

	Carbon-14 Dating
		Carbon has 3 isotopes, 2 of which are stable (carbon-12 and carbon-13) and one which is radioactive (carbon-14).
		The age of the plant or animal specimen containing carbon, such as wood, bones, plant remains, is determined by measuring the ratio of carbon-12 to carbon-14.
		The half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years, because of its relatively short half-life, carbon-14 can only be used to date specimens up to about 45,000 years old.
	www.ausetute.com.au /carbon14.html (803 words)

	Ancient Flute: Carbon Dating (Site not responding. Last check: )
		"The purpose of a carbon dating experiment is to measure the number of carbon 14 atoms in a carbon sample compared to the total.
		Carbon 14 is a particular kind of carbon atom, and it decays at a predictable rate over time.
		Once scientists have located the carbon 14 atoms in an artifact they're trying to date, they'll compare them with the carbon 14 atoms in another object whose age is already known.
	www.pulseplanet.com /archive/Apr00/2111.html (339 words)

	Carbon Dating
		Dates up to this point in history are well documented for C14 calibration.
		So when you hear of a date of 30,000 years for a carbon date we believe it to be early after creation and only about 7,000 years old.
		If something carbon dates at 7,000 years we believe 5,000 is probably closer to reality (just before the flood).
	www.carm.org /evo_questions/carbondating.htm (620 words)

	Carbon Dating
		Carbon is captured from the air by organisms as a basic building block in their anatomy, and a small percentage of this carbon that is generated is in the form of the unstable isotope carbon-14.
		Moreover, it is difficult to carbon date objects that have died very recently due to the logarithmic decay rate.
		Finally, carbon-14 dating can only be used for living creatures, or the products of living creatures, that had a balance of carbon with the atmosphere.
	www.unc.edu /~tlycan/carbondating.html (693 words)

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