Where results make sense

About us   |   Why use us?   |   Reviews   |   PR   |   Contact us

Topic: Carbon detonation

    Note: these results are not from the primary (high quality) database.

Classification of Chemicals for Flame & Detonation Arrester Specification Carbon Disulphide is specified in NEC Article 500 as representing a special hazard requiring safeguards beyond those required for any of the standard chemical groups include Group B, Hydrogen, and Group A, Acetylene. When no NEC rating of the particular chemical is available, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) classification (Groups IIA, IIB and IIC) is recommended as a secondary source of information for determining the suitability of an arrester for its intended service. As a point of information, the IEC ratings of each of these two chemicals is IIB, which roughly corresponds to the NEC Group C ranking. www.protectoseal.com /vapor_classification.html

PowerLabs Acetylide Explosives Synthesis! Detonation velocity: 1880 m/s, Trauzl test: 132 cm³. Despite the lower velocity of detonation and gas displacement, the shock was still enough to crush the dish. Click on the picture to watch a short (208k) video of the detonation. www.power-labs.com /chemlabs/acetylide.htm

Hearst Paper BB Carbonate content of the rock is expressed as a dry weight fraction of equivalent carbon dioxide (CO), the amount of carbon dioxide that would be generated if all the carbon in the cavity region were combined with oxygen subsequent to detonation. When the average C/O parameter was plotted against average carbonate content in the dry material using a different logging sonde we found that although the lines were similar, they were not the same, indicating that separate calibration is required for each sonde, as usual. These tests showed that the log is sensitive not only to carbonate content but also to water content of the formation as well as the gap between the logging sonde and the wall of the borehole. www.mgls.org /89Sym/HearstBB

SuperchargersOnline.com :: The Mystery of 'Octane' Finally Uncovered An octane rating (87 vs. 89 vs 92, etc.) is a measure of a gasoline's ability to resist detonation, which manifests itself in a pinging or "knocking" noise. This resilience is derived from the branching of octane's carbon chain (see figure). Octane is actually more than just a rating - it is a hydrocarbon just like methane (single carbon atom), propane (three carbon atoms), butane (five carbon atoms), and heptane (seven carbon atoms). www.superchargersonline.com /content.asp?id=105   (859 words)

Péridier Library Abstract Archive We determine the critical size of the mixed region required to initiate a detonation in a degenerate carbon-oxygen mixture. We derive the criteria for deflagration to detonation transition (DDT) in a Type Ia supernova. We derive the critical turbulent intensity required to create the mixed region inside an active deflagration front in which a detonation can form. www.as.utexas.edu /templates/372.html   (141 words)

White dwarf - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A white dwarf which exceeds this limit (known as the Chandrasekhar limit), typically by mass transfer from a companion star, may explode as a Type Ia supernova via a process known as "carbon detonation". These stars are not heavy enough to generate the core temperatures required to fuse carbon in nucleosynthesis reactions, and after they have become a red giant during their helium-burning phase, they will shed their outer layers to form a planetary nebula, leaving behind an inert core consisting mostly of carbon and oxygen. Timeline of white dwarfs, neutron stars, and supernovae en.wikipedia.org /wiki/White_dwarf   (1271 words)

White dwarf - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A white dwarf which exceeds this limit (known as the Chandrasekhar limit), typically by mass transfer from a companion star, may explode as a Type Ia supernova via a process known as "carbon detonation". These stars are not heavy enough to generate the core temperatures required to fuse carbon in nucleosynthesis reactions, and after they have become a red giant during their helium-burning phase, they will shed their outer layers to form a planetary nebula, leaving behind an inert core consisting mostly of carbon and oxygen. Timeline of white dwarfs, neutron stars, and supernovae en.wikipedia.org /wiki/White_dwarf   (1271 words)

Explosive material - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Sensitivity, strength, and velocity of detonation are reduced by inert materials that reduce the continuity of the explosive mass. The oxygen balance (OB) is calculated from the empirical formula of a compound in percentage of oxygen required for complete conversion of carbon to carbon dioxide, hydrogen to water, and metal to metal oxide. The relative sensitivity of a given explosive to impact may vary greatly from is sensitivity to friction or heat. www.newlenox.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Explosive   (1271 words)

Looking for Leakers, Larry Carley, Engine Builder, October 2001 Thinner castings and higher engine loads are contributing factors, but in many instances the underlying cause is engine overheating due to a cooling system failure (coolant leak, inoperative cooling fan, stuck thermostat, etc.), or a detonation problem (carbon buildup, inoperative EGR valve, too much ignition advance, etc.). Many factors can lead to a broken crank, including an incorrect radius when the crank journals were machined, a severe engine detonation problem, bent connecting rods, a loose main bearing cap, main bore misalignment, a bent crank, a severe engine imbalance or an imbalance in the vibration damper, flywheel, clutch or torque converter. So, too, are Ford "HSC" (High Swirl Combustion) cast iron heads like those on the 2.3L and 2.5L OHC engines. www.babcox.com /editorial/ar/eb100145.htm   (1271 words)

GT-R Register Bulletin Board - View Single Post - Octane Booster The other is Detonation caused by Lean fuel mixture, Fuel octane too low, Improper ignition timing and too high boost this causes secondary spontaneous combustion in addition to the spark induced flame. In both detonation and pre-ignition, it is the collision of the flame fronts that causes the classic pinking sound. One is Pre-ignition generally caused by carbon deposits, exposed and glowing spark plug threads, thin edges on your head / pistons glowing etc. This causes the fuel to ignite before the ignition spark. www.gtr.co.uk /forum/upload/showpost.php?p=26020&postcount=30   (1271 words)

Ignition, Combustion and Detonation engineering - Wood firing From a combustion perspective the presence of moisture inhibits combustion in the early stages and operation at low oxygen levels may lead to the increased formation of CO and possibly carbon residues (depending on the firing system) in relation to drier fuel. If you reduce this, the amount of CO will increase, the unburnt carbon loss will increase, the NOx production will decrease and the flame stability will be adversly affected. Regarding the release of hydrogen from the wood moisture, you better hope not. www.eng-tips.com /viewthread.cfm?qid=46645   (1271 words)

Offshore Technology - KnitMesh - Flame Arrestors Both detonation and deflagration arrestors are available in either carbon steel or stainless steel and are flanged ANSI B16.5 Class150 LB RF as standard although other flange or threaded connections are available, usually at no extra cost. ELMAC in-line detonation flame arrestors are designed to be installed in a pipeline where there is a significant distance between the arrestor and the potential source of ignition, or where the pipe is not straight and smooth and there may be roughness, obstructions, bends, junctions or changes in section in the intervening pipework. There are numerous applications, usually involving situations where it is not feasible to locate an in-line deflagration flame arrestor sufficiently close to the potential source of ignition. www.offshore-technology.com /contractors/flare/Knitmesh   (626 words)

Spark Plugs -2 In cases of severe detonation, insulators may become cracked or chipped. Even a piece of carbon can do this. In some cases you may have excessive carbon buildup on the backs of the intake valves that will have to be addressed. www.centuryperformance.com /spark2.asp   (626 words)

library5.htm Within the casing are installed deuterium and antideuterium holding tanks, central combiner tank, and their respective magnetic suspension components; target acquisition, guidance, and detonation assemblies; and warp sustainer engine. The first was a simple 1:1 matter/antimatter collision device consisting of six slugs of frozen deuterium which were backed up by carbon-carbon disks and driven by microfusion initiators into six corresponding magnetic cavities, each holding antideuterium in suspension. As the slugs drove into the cavities, the annihilation energies were trapped briefly by the magnetic fields, and then suddenly released. www.fsgsim.com /~geronimo/techlib/library5.htm   (626 words)

NITROMETHANE Contact with organic bases (amines), acids, and some metal oxides such as lead pigments, may markedly increase its sensitivity to detonation by shock. Burning may produce carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides. Do not use dry chemical fire extinguishers containing sodium or potassium bicarbonates on nitromethane fires. www.jtbaker.com /msds/englishhtml/n5740.htm   (1372 words)

PowerLabs Acetylide Explosives Synthesis! Acetylide explosives are unique in that unlike almost every other explosive known their detonation results in the formation of absolutely no gases (Ag2C2(s) => Ag2(s) + C(s)). The result is a rust colored powder which detonates with a bright orange (due to carbon) fireball. Despite the lower velocity of detonation and gas displacement, the shock was still enough to crush the dish. www.powerlabs.org /chemlabs/acetylide.htm   (1087 words)

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Because LPG enters the engine as a vapor, it doesn't wash oil off cylinder walls or dilute the oil when the engine is cold, and it also doesn't put carbon particles and sulfuric acid into the oil. More recently, direct injection of LPG in the liquid state, with attendant cooling effect as well as improved emissions control, is being tested.) Its high octane rating (around 105) means that power output and/or fuel efficiency can be increased, without causing detonation ("knocking"), in a vehicle that isn't required to run on gasoline as well. Liquefied petroleum gas, as the name suggests, is partly a byproduct of petroleum refining; in California the state's oil refineries are the main source, but nationwide well under half of LPG comes from petroleum refining, and the rest from natural gas processing. www.altfuels.org /backgrnd/altftype/lpg.html   (485 words)

Supernovae The model for the initiation of a Type I supernova is the detonation of a carbon white dwarf when it collapses under the pressure of electron degeneracy. Type II supernovae are not observed to occur in elliptical galaxies, and are thought to occur in Population I type stars in the spiral arms of galaxies. Supernovae are classified as Type I or Type II depending upon the shape of their light curves. hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/astro/snovcn.html   (597 words)

On TV : Life in the Fast Lane With Steve Natt : High Octane Fuel and Engine Knocking : Fine Living Pinging, knocking, detonation, pre-ignition and auto-ignition are all terms for the same problem. When an engine "pings," it is actually detonating the fuel-air mixture too early, before the spark gets there. Premium fuel can help some higher mileage cars overcome engine knock due to carbon buildup. www.fineliving.com /fine/life_fast_lane/article/0,1663,FINE_17037_2826366,00.html   (219 words)

wetumpkawebpage shock devolatilization and the expansion of carbon dioxide and water from impacted wet carbonate, producing a warm, accelerating fireball after the initial hot fireball of silicate vapor. Not all impact craters contain shocked quartz, but all shocked quartz has been found in impact craters, except for small amounts noted in rocks of craters produced by detonation of nuclear weapons. Absence of petrographic shock effects in the interior of Wetumpka's impact crater appears to result from a lack of basement derived and relatively unweathered piedmont crystalline rocks in the rebounded central peak area and all other areas of the impact-crater floor. www.auburn.edu /~kingdat/wetumpkawebpage3.htm   (16296 words)

Nanodiamonds Show Buckyball Surface The researchers came to this surprising conclusion after performing ab initio calculations as well as x-ray absorption and emission experiments on nanodiamonds synthesized in detonation waves from high explosives. In fact, scientists from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have found that diamonds made of up to a few hundred carbon atoms do not exhibit the smooth, faceted surfaces commonly associated with crystals. This provided further curvature to the surface, which eventually adopted a geometry similar to that of half a buckyball. www-als.lbl.gov /als/science/sci_archive/72buckydiamond.html   (978 words)

ERC Racing Fuels :: Racing Gasoline Specs The alkane and aromatic compounds used in A-8C were selected with resistance to detonation as the primary consideration. Iso-paraffinic hydrocarbon materials with high hydrogen/carbon ratios are used to optimize heat release per unit weight. A-8C is highly effective in supercharged, turbocharged or nitrous assisted engines. www.ercracingfuels.com /ercA8c.htm   (978 words)

How to Measure Your Uncorrected Compression Ratio... To check the "Flat Plated Volume" (FPV) of the combustion chamber, start by scraping the head gasket surface clean of gasket material, cleaning the combustion chamber of excess carbon deposits and the like (gently with a wire brush) and installing the normally used spark plug. Due to these facts, they also tend to have much greater difficulty controlling the combustion process without detonation and/or pre-ignition problems. This method is often criticized because it does not reflect the dynamics that occur during the engine's actual running conditions, but, as with steady state flow techniques used on a flow bench (which also do not duplicate actual running circumstances) it has a very useful place in the planning of an engine's tuning and application. www.sacoriver.net /~red/uccr.html   (2435 words)

ClubSi.com -- Honda Civic Si online club No, I'm not being picky, they're two different things, pre-ignition being a premature ignition of the mixture due to a hotspot (normally glowing carbon deposits on an excessively dirty combustion chamber). Pre-ignition is fairly benign as such things do, detonation can slag your engine. www.clubsi.com /turbo_fund7.shtml   (2435 words)

Expert in: Air Emission/Pollution Control The systems are typically designed to handle vapors which are within the flammable limits of the hydrocarbon without allowing combustion or detonations to occur in the vapor header. He is the author of several publications and holds two U.S. patents, one for the staging of flare systems involved in the combustion of vapors at gasoline terminals, and the second for a method to remove vapors from storage tanks and other vessels by displacing with carbon dioxide or nitrogen. As part of these applications, Expert has been involved with the testing and development of detonation arresters, which are now an integral safety part of vapor collection systems. www.intota.com /viewbio.asp?bioID=603205&perID=108019   (633 words)

Characterization of Reduced Toxicity, High Performance Monopropellants at the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory - Storming Media Experimental results are provided for density, vapor toxicity, carbon content of exhaust, melting point, detonability, friction and impact sensitivity, Adiabatic compressibility, thermal stability, critical diameter, viscosity, velocity, and theoretical performance with regard to specific impulse, density, volumetric impulse, and detonation velocity. Aside from a low melting point and toxicity, there are a number of properties that are desirable for a monopropellant successor to hydrazine. This report presents the results of tests of specific properties of a new monopropellant (AFN1) that is under investigation by AFRL and compared them to hydrazine. www.stormingmedia.us /20/2011/A201114.html   (310 words)

Off Road Action Whether the spark plugs are fitted in a lawnmower, boat, or a race car, the spark plug tip temperature must remain between 500C-850°C. If the tip temperature is lower than 500°C, the insulator area surrounding the center electrode will not be hot enough to burn off carbon and combustion chamber deposits. This may lead to pre-ignition/detonation and expensive engine damage. Spark plugs are the "window" into your engine (your o­nly eyewitness to the combustion chamber), and can be used as a valuable diagnostic tool. www.offroadaction.ca /print.php?sid=113   (310 words)

Environmental Assessment for Ballistics Testing The tent and foam system is composed of a ballistic, foam-filled inner tent and an outer tent connected to a portable scrubber and carbon filter. There is currently no other accepted technology for unmovable UXO that is easily movable and proven safe and effective in containing the effects of a planned detonation in close proximity to civilian population. The ballistics evaluation of tent and foam technology for use in removal actions at Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, is being proposed by the U.S. Army Garrison Directorate of Safety, Health, and the Environment (DSHE). www.apg.army.mil /apghome/sites/directorates/restor/environmental_assessment.htm   (310 words)

Publications for Y.M. Gupta G. Pangilinan and Y. Gupta, "Shock Response of Pure and Sensitized (0.1% Ethylenediamine) Nitromethane: Time-Resolved Raman Measurements," in the Proceedings Tenth Symposium (International) on DETONATION (Office of Naval Research, Department of the Navy, 1993). C. Yoo and Y. Gupta, "Effects of Initial Phase on UV/VIS Absorption in Shocked Carbon Disulfide/Hexane Mixtures," J. Chem. G. Pangilinan and Y.M. Gupta, "Molecular Processes in a Shocked Explosive: Time-Resolved Spectroscopy of Liquid Nitromethane," to be published in High-Pressure Shock Compression of Solids, Third Volume in the Series, Series Editor: R.A. Graham; Volume Editors: Lee Davison and M. Shahinpoor, (Springer-Verlag, 1996). www.shock.wsu.edu /pubs-yg.html   (3883 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)

About us   |   Why use us?   |   Reviews   |   Press   |   Contact us   Copyright © 2005-2007 www.factbites.com Usage implies agreement with terms.