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Topic: Carbon dioxide laser

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	Cosmetic Surgery of the Southwest - Dr. John W. Pate, Jr. M.D. F.A.C.S.
		The Carbon Dioxide Ultrapulse 5000 Laser is a specific type of laser that has been used to treat aging changes of the skin, specifically wrinkles and pigmentation, as well as acne scarring.
		The obvious benefit of carbon dioxide laser resurfacing is the improvement and in many cases complete removal of unwanted wrinkles of the facial skin as well as acne scars.
		Unfortunately, the Erbium laser does not adequately penetrate the collagen of the skin, and therefore removal of the wrinkles or acne scarring is generally inferior to the Carbon Dioxide Laser.
	www.drpate.com /laser.html (1591 words)

	Carbon dioxide laser - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Carbon dioxide lasers are the highest-power continuous wave lasers that are currently available.
		Carbon dioxide (CO) (around 10-20 %) CO is a molecule with 3 atoms, the middle atom is carbon.
		Collisional energy transfer between the nitrogen and the carbon dioxide molecule causes vibrational excitation of the carbon dioxide, with sufficient efficiency to lead to the desired population inversion necessary for laser operation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Carbon_dioxide_laser (736 words)

	Materials processing with a high repetition rate isotopic carbon dioxide laser - Patent 5353296
		A laser as recited in claim 1 wherein the rise and fall times of each pulse are at least 1.6 times as fast as the rise and fall times of a pulse that would be created using standard carbon dioxide gas as the lasing species.
		A laser system as recited in claim 11 wherein the gas in the sealed discharge laser is defined by a gas mixture and wherein the gas mixture includes nitrogen and wherein the pressure of the isotopic carbon dioxide is greater than the pressure of the nitrogen.
		A laser system as recited in claim 11 wherein the gas in the sealed discharge laser is defined by a gas mixture wherein the gas mixture consists primarily of isotopic carbon dioxide, helium and xenon.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5353296.html (4619 words)

	Carbon dioxide slab laser - Patent 4719639 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The slab laser of claim 11 wherein said unstable laser resonator is of the confocal type and includes a concave total reflector at one end of said gap and a convex total reflector at the other end of said gap.
		In a conventional carbon dioxide laser the discharge tube is typically 1 cm in diameter and is cooled with a water jacket.
		Unlike the waveguide laser the direction of propogation of the beam is determined by the resonator mirrors and not by the laser geometry.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4719639.html (3020 words)

	eMedicine - Cutaneous Laser Resurfacing: Carbon Dioxide : Article by Robert S Bader, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In addition to the laser parameters chosen, for example, clinical effect is also influenced by the number of laser passes delivered, the degree of pulse or scan overlap, the complete/incomplete removal of partially desiccated tissue between each laser pass, preoperative preparation, and postoperative wound care.
		The carbon dioxide laser was used more often in the past for tattoo removal (in conjunction with dermabrasion and salabrasion); however, its use for this purpose has been largely abandoned because of the availability of more tattoo-specific lasers.
		Because laser skin resurfacing can cause reactivation of latent herpes simplex infection or can predispose the patient to a primary infection during the reepithelialization phase of healing, surgeons are recommended to routinely prescribe the prophylactic use of an antiviral medication during the postoperative period, regardless of a patient's herpes simplex virus history.
	www.emedicine.com /derm/topic513.htm (2854 words)

	Laser Information - Merrimack Carbon Dioxide Laser
		The carbon dioxide laser is extremely effective in managing these tumors, and the use of a little intradermal local anesthetic at the tumor base greatly reduces bleeding with the procedure.
		The previous examples are meant to demonstrate the superiority of laser surgery and the versatility of the Carbon Dioxide laser.
		The Sharplan compact Model 40C carbon dioxide laser is the modern-day equivalent of the Merrimack laser, and was added to the laser center in 1995.
	www.lloyd-derm.com /laser_merrimack.html (459 words)

	Carbon dioxide - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Carbon dioxide is a colorless gas which, when inhaled at high concentrations (a dangerous activity because of the associated asphyxiation risk), produces a sour taste in the mouth and a stinging sensation in the nose and throat.
		Acute carbon dioxide toxicity is sometimes known as choke damp, an old mining industry term, and was the cause of death at Lake Nyos in Cameroon, where an upwelling of CO -laden lake water in 1986 covered a wide area in a blanket of the gas, killing nearly 2000.
		The decreased binding to oxygen in the blood due to increased carbon dioxide levels is known as the Haldane Effect, and is important in the transport of carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Carbon_dioxide (4504 words)

	Laser Procedures - Center for Laser Surgery
		Ultrapulse Carbon Dioxide and Erbium: YAG resurfacing remain one of the most spectacular advances in cutaneous laser medicine in the last decade.
		Carbon dioxide and Erbium laser treatment of this condition has often provided remarkable results by removing and flattening these disfiguring lesions.
		Superficial carbon dioxide resurfacing is ideal for patients with pigmentation disturbances, pre-cancerous growths and fine lines and younger patients with early aging changes.
	www.lasersurgery.com /html/laser_co2.htm (575 words)

	Carbon Dioxide Laser Treatment of External Genital Lesions
		Laser therapy, although not an established treatment option, appears to be a safe alternative and should be considered in those patients with recurrent genital condylomata, balanitis xerotica obliterans, as well as erythroplasia of Queyrat, not responding to well-known treatment modalities.
		Of these 67 patients, CO laser treatment was done on 47 patients under general anesthesia, and on 20 patients with local infiltration of 1% lidocaine (Xylocaine) supplemented by intravenous diazepam fentanyl sodium.
		A 733 Sharplan CO laser, continuous wave mode, withan output of 30 wats, and an optical spot size of 2.0 mm was used.
	www.cirp.org /library/treatment/BXO/rosemberg1 (1776 words)

	DermAtlas: Online Dermatology Image Library dermatology image,wart, common,verruca,tattoo,keloid,scar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Carbon dioxide laser is extremely destructive, and the risk of recurrence is high, but at times the results are excellent.
		Although the Q-switched lasers have superceded the carbon dioxide laser in the treatment of tattoos because of the minimal risk of scarring of these lasers compared with CO2, there may still be a place for CO2 laser for selected patients.
		The large keloid on the bottom of the ear was excised using the carbon dioxide laser, the base of the wound was vaporized, and the wound was allowed to heal by secondary intention.
	dermatlas.med.jhmi.edu /derm/result.cfm?Category=-212428048 (414 words)

	The Carbon Dioxide Laser in Oculoplastic Surgery and Sliced Bread
		Laser aesthetic surgery, which has always been a popular topic for both physicians and the lay public, has recently had a firestorm of publicity, including, for example, a notable television personality having his own laser resurfacing performed live on his talk show.
		Marketing of laser blepharoplasty by physicians is now mainstream as well: 5 or 10 years ago advertisements for laser surgery were typically placed by physicians without formal surgical training, but now it is common for respected ophthalmic, facial plastic, and general plastic surgeons to market CO2 laser surgery.
		A CO2 laser cut is characterized by minimal bleeding, because the intense heat of the laser cauterizes small vessels as it cuts.
	www.healthseakers.com /pages/bleph/bleph1.html (1485 words)

	Carbon Dioxide Laser Resurfacing - Beverly Hills Santa Monica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The carbon dioxide laser is one of the newest techniques to "resurface" the skin.
		Lasers, including the carbon dioxide laser, have been used in the treatment of various skin conditions for the past several decades.
		One of the advantages that carbon dioxide laser resurfacing offers is the heat that is generated during the procedure.
	www.grossmandermatology.com /carbon_dioxide_laser_resurfacing.html (482 words)

	Skin Cancer Information - LASER
		For example, the carbon-dioxide (CO2) laser, one of the most common, generates an infrared laser beam when energy is passed through carbon dioxide gas in the laser.
		The infrared laser beam (energy) produced by the CO2 laser is absorbed by water in the target tissues.
		These types of lasers would be very useful in avoiding cutting by passing energy through the eyeball without affecting any tissues except, for example, abnormal blood vessels on the back wall of the eyeball.
	www.skincancerinfo.com /sectione/laser.html (641 words)

	Carbon dioxide laser surgery for abnormal cervical cell changes
		Carbon dioxide laser surgery is usually done in your health professional's office, a clinic, or a hospital as an outpatient procedure (you do not have to spend the night in the hospital).
		Carbon dioxide laser surgery is successful in removing abnormal tissue in over 80% to 90% of cases.
		Carbon dioxide laser surgery is able to destroy or remove abnormal tissue that is too high in the cervix to be destroyed with cryosurgery.
	www.webmd.com /hw/womens_conditions/hw28106.asp (645 words)

	Carbon dioxide laser treatment of balanitis xerotica obliterans
		A 39-year-old white man came to the surgical unit and laser treatment center of the Department of Dermatology of the University of Cincinnati Medical Center in September, 1981, with a biopsy-proved diagnosis of BXO of at least 2 years duration.
		Most CO laser vaporization in our unit is now carried out at power outputs of between 5 and 10 W. It has been gratifying to us to be able to effect curative therapy for our patient after he had had several years of unsuccessful treatment.
		We believe that CO laser vaporization, as presented, represents an attractive alternative to conventional therapy for what is often a chronic, progressive, and difficult to treat entity.
	www.cirp.org /library/treatment/BXO/ratz1 (1187 words)

	Carbon dioxide laser
		A carbon dioxide laser uses carbon dioxide gas as the active substance in a highly focused beam of light to cut or destroy tissue during surgery.
		Laser light cleans (sterilizes) and seals as it cuts tissue, which reduces bleeding and pain and shortens the healing time.
		Lasers are used for many different types of surgery, including dental surgery, eye surgery, surgery on the female reproductive organs, hemorrhoid surgery, and plastic surgery.
	www.webmd.com /hw/health_guide_atoz/d00122757.asp?printing=true (107 words)

	Carbon dioxide laser surgery for skin lesions - Families - Factsheets - Children & families - GOSH and ICH
		Lasers are used in various ways but are most commonly used at Great Ormond Street Hospital to treat birthmarks and other skin lesions.
		CO2 laser surgery is often suggested as an alternative to traditional surgery as it can remove the top layers of the lesion, often with less scarring.
		Depending on your child’s age and the type and location of the lesion, he or she may have laser surgery under local anaesthetic (where just the area treated is numb) or general anaesthetic.
	www.ich.ucl.ac.uk /factsheets/families/F050229/index.html (913 words)

	UltraPulse 5000 CO2 Laser - Aesthetic Surgery Center
		A laser wash to the entire face produces a tightening effect of the entire facial area that many times mimics the results often seen as a "non surgical facelift." Skin damage that has been promoted by smoking, alcohol, excessive exposure to sunlight responds exceedingly well to laser resurfacing.
		The carbon dioxide laser is effective in washing away brown facial age spots that accumulated over time with excessive sun exposure; yet does not damage the underlying normal facial pigmentation.
		The skin tightening effect produced by the carbon dioxide laser is immediate and throughout the healing phase demonstrates progressive improvement for approximately 6 months.
	www.aestheticsurgerycenter.com /LaserWash/co2 (353 words)

	Laser Skin Resurfacing- Premier Plastic Surgery
		The laser produces controlled brief pulses of invisible light which Dr. Newman controls to precisely remove aged skin, layer by layer, stimulating the regeneration of new, healthy skin.
		After laser treatment, the skin heals and remodels itself so that problems such as wrinkles, fine lines and scars are improved and softened.
		The laser uses carefully controlled brief pulses of invisible light to precisely remove aged skin, layer by layer, stimulating the regeneration of new, healthy skin.
	www.premierplasticsurgery.com /laserprocedures/laserskinresurfacing.htm (871 words)

	Penn Plastic Surgery: Cosmetic - Laser Skin Resurfacing
		Laser skin resurfacing -- one of the newest plastic surgery technologies -- improves certain kinds of wrinkles and fine lines with a carbon dioxide (CO2) laser.
		During this procedure, invisible carbon dioxide laser light rapidly evaporates the water in the skin, removing the top skin layers and tightening the lower ones.
		After laser treatment, your surgeon will apply a surgical dressing to the lasered areas; the nurse or aesthetician will change or remove this dressing in a few days.
	www.pennhealth.com /plasticsurgery/cosmetic/laser_skin.html (563 words)

	Sam's Laser FAQ - Home-Built Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Laser
		Usually laser gas is considered a high purity mix and they need to vacuum out the tank, weigh it, specially clean it, then mass spectrometer certify it, etc. For a really precise lab laser or sealed service, I could see it needing that kind of preparation.
		For the CO2 laser, which is quite forgiving, increasing the length of the tube modestly (up to a total discharge length of about 3/4 meter) to boost output power can probably be done with minimal risk as long as the optics and power supply are modified accordingly.
		If your laser is to be operated on DC then all you really need is a short length of copper or brass pipe in the plasma tube as a cathode and simply a small loop of wire as an anode.
	repairfaq.ece.drexel.edu /sam/lasercc2.htm (21332 words)

	Laser Gases- CO2 Laser Mixtures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Carbon Dioxide (CO) gas lasers emit infrared radiation at 10.6 µm in either a continuous wave mode or at kilohertz repetition rates.
		Carbon Dioxide (CO) gas lasers are primarily used for cutting, drilling, marking, welding and in various medical applications such as dermatology and as a medical tool producing clean cuts with little bleeding.
		Gas purity is vital to the Carbon Dioxide gas laser.
	www.spectra-gases.com /LaserGases/lgco2.htm (200 words)

	State-of-the-art carbon dioxide laser speeds up production (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Trumph CO2 Laser, which uses different combinations of carbon dioxide, helium, nitrogen and oxygen to cut through different metals, is an important part of the manufacturing process here, Mr.
		The laser is precise enough to cut out something as small as a thimble up to a part that is 5 feet across, he said.
		The laser is then programmed to follow the tracing point to point and teaching itself the new pattern.
	www.af.mil /news/story.asp?storyID=123010704 (728 words)

	Encyclopedia of Laser Physics and Technology - CO2 lasers, carbon dioxide laser
		lasers typically emit at a wavelength of 10.6 μm, but there are other lines in the region of 9-11 μm (particularly at 9.6 μm).
		High power CO lasers utilize a fast forced gas convection, which may be in the axial direction (i.e., along the beam direction) or in transverse direction (for highest powers).
		Compared with solid state lasers with similar output powers, they are usually cheaper, but have a lower potential for very strong focusing, remote welding, and short pulse generation.
	www.rp-photonics.com /co2_lasers.html (772 words)

	Carbon Dioxide Laser Skin Resurfacing: Advanced Art of Cosmetic Surgery
		Carbon Dioxide Laser Skin Resurfacing: Advanced Art of Cosmetic Surgery
		Necessary precautions and preparations for laser resurfacing will be discussed at consultation, and assistance will be provided by our nurses and aestheticians.
		She is wearing only lipstick, and the redness associated with the laser procedure is already fading
	www.advanced-art.com /Laser-Resurfacing.htm (297 words)

	CO2 Laser
		As with all lasers, in order to operate, there must be a population inversion within the lasing medium.
		Of major significance to the CO Laser is the quantization of vibrational and rotational states of the CO molecule, in addition to electronic energy levels.
		The CO molecule is a tri-atomic molecule consisting of 2 oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a central carbon atom.
	www.phy.davidson.edu /StuHome/sethvc/Laser-Final/co2.htm (1008 words)

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