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Topic: Carbon nanotube

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	NanoLab Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays, nanotube arrays
		Standard aligned carbon nanotube arrays are produced on a nickel-sputtering-coated substrate, whereas low site-density carbon nanotube arrays are produced on a nickel-electric-chemical-coated substrate.
		The carbon nanotubes grow vertically from the substrate surface, and their mutual alignment is not only correlated to nanotube diameter and nanotube length, but also related to the substrate surface smoothness and the substrate thickness.
		All nanotube tips are capped with a single nickel nanoparticle, a result of a tip-growth mechanism of aligned carbon nanotubes (Fig.
	www.nano-lab.com /alignedcarbonnanotubearrays.html (291 words)

	Carbon nanotube fibers
		Carbon nanotube observed under an optical microscope (approximate width of strip: 0.5 mm).
		Crystalline (diamond and graphite) and amorphous (carbon fl, pyrocarbon, etc.) forms of carbon have pride of place among technological materials – think of the abrasive properties of diamonds, the lubricating properties of graphite, and the performance of carbon fibers, with a micro-graphite structure, used in many applications because of their exceptional mechanical properties.
		Furthermore, carbon nanotubes are expected to have exceptional mechanical properties (they are a hundred times stronger and six times lighter than steel) and thus could form the basis of a multitude of future high performance materials.
	www.cnrs.fr /cw/en/pres/compress/nanotube.htm (839 words)

	carbon nanotube
		A cylindrical structure made only from carbon atoms that are about 1 nanometer (one billionth of a meter) in diameter and 1-100 microns in length.
		Carbon nanotubes can be thought of as a strip of graphite sheet that is rolled up to form a cylinder.
		Carbon nanotubes are very strong – about 5 times as strong as steel for the same wieght.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/C/AE_carbon_nanotube.html (232 words)

	UC Researchers Shatter World Records with Length of Carbon Nanotube Arrays
		Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are of great interest because of their outstanding mechanical, electrical and optical properties.
		Nanotube fibers are expected to engender revolutionary advances in the development of lightweight, high-strength materials and could potentially replace copper wire.
		Carbon nanotube arrays can also be grown in intricate patterns using metal masks.
	www.uc.edu /news/NR.asp?id=5700 (1064 words)

	Carbon Nanotubes
		Carbon nanotubes are molecular-scale tubes of graphitic carbon with outstanding properties.
		These single-walled nanotubes are generally narrower than the multiwalled tubes, with diameters typically in the range 1-2 nm, and tend to be curved rather than straight.
		Single-walled carbon cones with morphologies similar to those of nanotube caps were first prepared by Peter Harris, Edman Tsang and colleagues in 1994 (click here to see our paper).
	www.personal.rdg.ac.uk /~scsharip/tubes.htm (1577 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Carbon nanotech may have given swords of Damascus their edge.
		Paufler thinks carbon nanotubes could be the missing piece of the puzzle.
		At high temperatures, the impurities in the Indian ores could have catalysed the growth of nanotubes from carbon in the burning wood and leaves used to make the wootz, Paufler suggests.
	www.nature.com /news/2006/061113/full/061113-11.html (517 words)

	Carbon Nanotubes
		Carbon nanotubes are molecular-scale tubes of graphitic carbon with outstanding properties.
		These single-walled nanotubes are generally narrower than the multiwalled tubes, with diameters typically in the range 1-2 nm, and tend to be curved rather than straight.
		Single-walled carbon cones with morphologies similar to those of nanotube caps were first prepared by Peter Harris, Edman Tsang and colleagues in 1994 (click here to see our paper).
	www.personal.reading.ac.uk /~scsharip/tubes.htm (1577 words)

	Simplifying carbon nanotube identification - The Industrial Physicist
		Carbon nanotubes belong to the fullerene family, a molecular form of carbon quite distinct from diamond and graphite.
		Because carbon nanotubes are very strong, there is also interest in them for their mechanical properties—about 100 times stronger than steel at one-sixth the weight.
		When a sample of single-walled nanotubes is examined by spectrofluorimetry, emission intensity can be plotted as a function of excitation and emission wavelengths to give a surface plot, where each peak corresponds to a different semiconducting nanotube structure (a).
	www.tipmagazine.com /tip/INPHFA/vol-10/iss-1/p24.html (2222 words)

	NASA - Bulk Single-walled Carbon Nanotube Growth
		Carbon nanotubes can play a variety of roles in future space systems, including wiring, high-strength lightweight composite materials, thermal protection and cooling systems and electronics/sensors.
		In solution, it is necessary to debundle nanotube aggregates as metallic tubes in close vicinity to the semiconducting tube quench the fluorescence.
		While the metallic nanotubes are promising as wiring, the semiconducting nanotubes show promise as next generation transistor materials.
	www.nasa.gov /centers/ames/research/technology-onepagers/carbon_nanotube_growth.html (845 words)

	Scientific Frontline / Nanotube Ink: Desktop Printing of Carbon Nanotube Patterns
		Carbon nanotubes have enticed researchers since their discovery in 1991, offering an impressive combination of high strength, low weight, and excellent conductivity.
		For this experiment, the researchers made their own multi-walled carbon nanotubes, which were then chemically modified to allow them to dissolve in water.
		But similar nanotubes can be purchased for as little as a tenth of the price of the more expensive single-walled variety of carbon nanotubes, Vajtai said.
	www.sflorg.com /technews/tn083006_01.html (723 words)

	Carbon nanotubes, materials for the future
		Carbon has four valence electrons of which three are strongly bound to neighbor atoms giving graphene its very high in-plane rigidity.
		The carbon atoms of a single sheet of graphite form a planar honeycomb lattice in which each atom is connected via a strong chemical bond to three neighbour atoms.
		The future for nanotube looks very bright: Nanotubes are interesting model systems for fundamental studies of one-dimensional systems, but they are equally well (or even more) attractive for applied researchers and industry due to the wide variety of their potential applications.
	www.europhysicsnews.com /full/09/article3/article3.html (2883 words)

	U. T. Dallas-led research team produces strong, transparent carbon nanotube sheets
		Carbon nanotubes are like minute bits of string, and untold trillions of these invisible strings must be assembled to make useful macroscopic articles that can exploit the phenomenal mechanical and electronic properties of the individual nanotubes.
		Strength normalized to weight is important for many applications, especially in space and aerospace, and this property of the nanotube sheets already exceeds that of the strongest steel sheets and the Mylar and Kapton sheets used for ultralight air vehicles and proposed for solar sails for space applications, according to the researchers.
		The nanotube sheets combine high transparency with high electronic conductivity, are highly flexible and provide giant gravimetric surface areas, which has enabled the team to demonstrate their use as electrodes for bright organic light emitting diodes for displays and as solar cells for light harvesting.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2005-08/uota-utd081505.php (939 words)

	Single Wall Carbon Nanotube; Nanotubes-Chiral, Zig-zag, Armchair
		The Minit nanotubes have an added feature in that some of the bonds are phosphorescent, i.e.
		Another kit, the carbon nanotube field effect display (FET/FED) model, is a simplified version of the real thing & is intended for demonstrating this important area of nanotube technology.
		Lastly, we have a nanowire model kit which is similar to the nanotube model but has with fewer cells around the circumference in order to better mimic a nanowire.
	www.indigo.com /models/carbon-nanotube-molecular-model-kits.html (225 words)

	Technology Review: Carbon Nanotube Computers
		Single-walled carbon nanotubes are one prominent candidate -- already researchers have built carbon nanotube transistors that show promising performance (see The Nanotube Computer).
		According to estimates, carbon nanotubes have the potential to produce transistors that run 10 times faster than even anticipated future generations of silicon-based devices, while at the same time using less power.
		After applying carbon nanotubes in solution and allowing them to bind to the aluminum oxide, the researchers deposited palladium leads perpendicular to the aluminum/aluminum oxide wires.
	www.technologyreview.com /read_article.aspx?id=16931&ch=nanotech (433 words)

	On the cutting edge: Carbon nanotube cutlery
		Because carbon nanotubes are extremely strong and slender in diameter, they make ideal materials for thinly cutting precise slivers of cells.
		By manipulating carbon nanotubes inside scanning electron microscopes, 21st-century nanosmiths have begun crafting a suite of research tools, including nanotweezers, nanobearings and nano-oscillators.
		To design the nanoknife, the NIST and CU scientists welded a carbon nanotube between two electrochemically sharpened tungsten needles.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2006-11/nios-otc112206.php (355 words)

	Making a Carbon Nanotube Ring Oscillator - Semiconductor International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It also enables the detailed study of the performance-limiting aspects in carbon nanotubes and offers a way to evaluate their potential as a platform for future nanoelectronics technology.
		Our goal is to ultimately benefit from the intrinsically superior transport properties of carbon nanotubes to enable the predicted Terahertz switching speed of carbon nanotube transistors, and translate this individual device performance into a high-performance circuit design.
		Chen: Due to their small bodies, carbon nanotubes carry microampere currents (despite the current density being much higher compared with other materials such as silicon), which is the main challenge for measurements using available instruments designed for semiconductors carrying milliampere currents.
	www.reed-electronics.com /semiconductor/article/CA6355805?industryid=3028&nid=2012 (1304 words)

	Carbon Nanotube Research Lab. SungKyunKwan Univ.
		Carbon nanotubes are fascinating new functional materials that lead the frontier nanoscience and nanotechnology in the 21st century.
		Our aim is to understand the fundamental physical and chemical properties of nanotubes from both theoretical and experimental approaches, and find out a new approach to synthesize singlewalled carbon nanotubes in a desirble manner, and furthermore search for purification and modification methods.
		Based on these studies, we endeavour to apply various forms of nanotubes to the field emission displays, electron sources, transistors, chemical and biological sensors, hydrogen storage, fuel cells, supercapacitors, secondary batteries, and nanocomposites.
	nanotube.skku.ac.kr (246 words)

	Carbon Nanotube Electronics Research - Fuhrer Group
		Carbon nanotubes are wires of pure carbon with nanometer diameters and lengths of many microns.
		Nanotubes are very sharp, and thus can be used as probe tips for scanning-probe microscopes, and field-emission electron sources for lamps and displays.
		The metal particle catalyzes the decomposition of the carbon-containing gases, and the carbon dissolves in the catalyst particle.
	www.physics.umd.edu /condmat/mfuhrer/ntresearch.htm (2619 words)

	Space elevator: a nanotube ribbon to space : innovation : Radioshows : Earth & Sky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Until the discovery of carbon nanotubes in 1991, space elevators were the stuff of science fiction.
		Carbon nanotubes – microscopic tubes made by rolling up sheets of interlocking carbon atoms – might someday be used to construct an elevator to space.
		Liftport has begun manufacturing carbon nanotubes, which are many times stronger than steel.
	www.earthsky.org /radioshows/space-elevator-carbon-nanotube-ribbon-to-space (721 words)

	WorldChanging: Tools, Models and Ideas for Building a Bright Green Future: Ribbons, Sheets and the Nanofuture
		Carbon nanotube transmission lines would be at least an order of magnitude better for this than any material we can presently manufacture.
		Carbon nanotubes are capable of handling incredible levels of electrical current, [b]as much as a billion amps per square centimeter.[/b] That’s compared with conventional cabling material, which can carry only a couple thousand amps per square centimeter.
		Carbon Arc spotlights and equipment produce soot, and carbon soot has been proven to increase the likeliness of cancer, both of a lung and skin variety.
	www.worldchanging.com /archives/003330.html (4216 words)

	Building Carbon Nanotube Transistors
		Depending on their size and shape, the electronic properties of carbon nanotubes can be metallic or semiconducting.
		The problem scientists had faced in using carbon nanotubes as transistors was that all synthetic methods of production yield a mixture of metallic and semiconducting nanotubes which “stick together” to form ropes or bundles.
		This compromises their usefulness because only semiconducting nanotubes can be used as transistors; and when they are stuck together, the metallic nanotubes overpower the semiconducting nanotubes.
	www.research.ibm.com /resources/press/Transistors (554 words)

	07.23.2003 - Physicists build world's smallest motor using nanotubes and etched silicon
		While the part that rotates, the rotor, is between 100 and 300 nanometers long, the carbon nanotube shaft to which it is attached is only a few atoms across, perhaps 5-10 nanometers thick.
		However, the team was able to break the outer wall of the nested nanotubes to allow the outer tube and attached rotor to freely spin around the inner tubes as a nearly frictionless bearing.
		With a strong electrical jolt to the stators, the team was able to jerk the rotor and break the outer wall of the nested nanotubes, allowing the rotor to spin freely on the nested nanotube bearings.
	www.berkeley.edu /news/media/releases/2003/07/23_motor.shtml (1395 words)

	LCD TVs to get carbon nanotube boost?, News at CNET.co.uk
		The nanotubes replace more-conventional light sources, such as bulbs or light-emitting diodes, to illuminate images on the screen, said Jin Taek Han, a senior researcher at the lab.
		Carbon nanotubes are hollow molecules of intricately arranged carbon atoms that that have remarkable properties.
		Carbon nanotubes could work out even cheaper, as it may be possible to grow them in a substrate, the material on which a circuit is created.
	news.cnet.co.uk /televisions/0,39029698,49285026,00.htm (810 words)

	Nanotubes and Buckyballs
		Nanotubes are a proving to be useful as molecular components for nanotechnology.
		A nanotube's chiral angle--the angle between the axis of its hexagonal pattern and the axis of the tube--determines whether the tube is metallic or semiconducting.
		Carbon Nanotube Gear Simulations These are datasets associated with the simulation runs from the study "Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Carbon Nanotube Based Gears".
	www.nanotech-now.com /nanotube-buckyball-sites.htm (1736 words)

	Dr. Sumio Iijima, CNT, Carbon Nanotube, NEC Laboratories Innovative Engine
		This fuel cell uses "carbon nanohorns" as the material for the electrodes.
		By using this material, it is possible to reduce the size of the catalyst particles to less than half compared to activated carbon, which is commonly used for electrodes.
		The carbon nanohorn is a type of "carbon nanotube", which was discovered in 1991 by Sumio Iijima, a senior research fellow at NEC (then Chief Researcher at NEC's Fundamental Research Laboratories).
	www.labs.nec.co.jp /Eng/innovative/E1/top.html (176 words)

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