Carbon-nanotube - Factbites

Carbon-nanotube - Factbites
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Topic: Carbon-nanotube

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	Carbon nanotube - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Carbon nanotubes are one of the strongest materials known to man, both in terms of tensile strength and elastic modulus.
		Carbon nanotubes, also known as buckytubes, are cylindrical carbon molecules with novel properties that make them potentially useful in a wide variety of applications in nanotechnology, electronics, optics, and other fields of materials science.
		Carbon nanotubes have many properties—from their unique dimensions to an unusual current conduction mechanism—that make them ideal components of electrical circuits.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Carbon_nanotube (3556 words)

	Carbon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The chemical and structural properties of fullerenes, in the form of carbon nanotubes, has promising potential uses in the nascent field of nanotechnology.
		The most prominent oxide of carbon is carbon dioxide, CO This is a minor component of the Earth's atmosphere, produced and used by living things, and a common volatile elsewhere.
		Carbon is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol C and atomic number 6.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Carbon (2253 words)

	Carbon nanotube fibers
		Furthermore, carbon nanotubes are expected to have exceptional mechanical properties (they are a hundred times stronger and six times lighter than steel) and thus could form the basis of a multitude of future high performance materials.
		Carbon nanotube observed under an optical microscope (approximate width of strip: 0.5 mm).
		CNRS researchers* and scientists at the University of Bordeaux 1 have recently developed a process for producing macroscopic carbon nanotube fibers and strips.
	www.cnrs.fr /cw/en/pres/compress/nanotube.htm (839 words)

	NanoLab multiwalled carbon nanotubes, aligned carbon nanotube arrays, nanoparticles, nanotube paper,dispersant, nanowires
		NanoLab multiwalled carbon nanotubes, aligned carbon nanotube arrays, nanoparticles, nanotube paper,dispersant, nanowires
	www.nano-lab.com (12 words)

	WorldChanging: Another World Is Here: Ribbons, Sheets and the Nanofuture
		Carbon nanotubes may be present in any industry using carbon arcing in the current setting, but that doesn't mean that such a fact proves them harmless.
		Carbon nanotubes are capable of handling incredible levels of electrical current, [b]as much as a billion amps per square centimeter.[/b] That’s compared with conventional cabling material, which can carry only a couple thousand amps per square centimeter.
		The nanotube sheets combine high transparency with high electronic conductivity, are highly flexible and provide giant gravimetric surface areas, which has enabled the team to demonstrate their use as electrodes for bright organic light emitting diodes for displays and as solar cells for light harvesting.
	www.worldchanging.com /archives/003330.html (4138 words)

	Carbon Nanotubes
		Carbon nanotubes are molecular-scale tubes of graphitic carbon with outstanding properties.
		Single-walled carbon cones with morphologies similar to those of nanotube caps were first prepared by Peter Harris, Edman Tsang and colleagues in 1994 (click here to see our paper).
		It was using such an evaporator that the Japanese scientist Sumio Iijima discovered fullerene-related carbon nanotubes in 1991.
	www.personal.rdg.ac.uk /~scsharip/tubes.htm (1557 words)

	Carbon Nanotube Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries
		In addition to Li storage for high-energy-density batteries, carbon nanotubes that are deposited by CVD onto metal substrates are of high interest for a wide range of applications such as the filtering of gaseous or liquid media and as reinforcing agents in composite materials.
		The lithium capacity of high-purity carbon nanotube films was measured with a conventional three-electrode cell.
		Carbon Nanotube Anodes Being Evaluated for Lithium Ion Batteries
	www.grc.nasa.gov /WWW/RT2001/5000/5410hepp1.html (526 words)

	Nanotube water doesn't freeze — even at hundreds of degrees below zero
		The lining free-floats inside the carbon nanotube with a 0.32 nanometer space all around it because that is as close as nature allows the water to the carbon.
		To prepare for the experiment, the carbon nanotube sample was exposed to water vapor for several hours and dried to remove exterior water.
		Instead, inside a single wall tube of carbon atoms less than 2 nanometers, or 2 billionths of a meter wide, the water forms an icy, inner wall of water molecules with a chain of liquid-like water molecules flowing through the center.
	www.anl.gov /Media_Center/News/2005/IPNS050513.html (1051 words)

	Carbon Nanotube Electronics Research - Fuhrer Group
		Carbon nanotubes are wires of pure carbon with nanometer diameters and lengths of many microns.
		A single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) may be thought of as a single atomic layer thick sheet of graphite (called graphene) rolled into a seamless cylinder.
		The nanotube can be thought of as a way to engineer a bandgap in graphite so we can use it for semiconductor devices (see Introduction to Carbon Nanotubes above).
	www.physics.umd.edu /condmat/mfuhrer/ntresearch.htm (2619 words)

	Carbon Nanotube Inter- and Intramolecular Logic Gates
		Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are quasi one-dimensional nanostructures with unique electrical properties that make them prime candidates for applications in nanoelectronics.
		Single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been used as the active channels of field effect transistors (FET).
		Doping produces n-type carbon nanotubes by shifting the Fermi level to the conduction band.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/jtextd?nalefd/asap/html/nl015606f.html (1996 words)

	STM of suspended carbon nanotubes
		This link provides an overview of some of the past carbon nanotube research in our group.
		Dekker, "Electrical generation and absorption of phonons in carbon nanotubes", Nature 432, 371 (2004).
		By measuring the energy of the phonon peak as a function of nanotube diameter, we are able to assign the origin of the phonon mode as the radial breathing mode.
	www.mb.tn.tudelft.nl /nanotubes.html (935 words)

	Carbon nanotubes, materials for the future
		Sumio Iijima discovered the multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the same year [4], which was considered at the beginning as a giant fullerene.
		Besides the conventional forms of carbon, the graphite and the diamond, new forms of carbon have been discovered: fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, carbon onions.
		The process of forming nanotubes by catalytic decomposition of a carbon containing reaction gas, like acetylene or methane, is extensively used because of two significant advantages.
	www.europhysicsnews.com /full/09/article3/article3.html (2883 words)

	Nanotubes
		Here, we focus on our recent work on carbon nanotubes; their structure, properties and uses in nano-electronic devices. Carbon nanotubes are extremely thin (their diameter is about 10,000 times smaller than a human hair), hollow cylinders made of carbon atoms.
		Nanotube theory: Computation and theory of the electrical and mechanical properties.
		While normally nanotubes are straight, we have devised ways to prepare them in a ring form.
	www.research.ibm.com /nanoscience/nanotubes.html (143 words)

	Carbon Nanotube Electronics
		Carbon nanotube transistors (CNTFETs) are particularly attractive due to the possibility of near ballistic channel transport, easy application of high-K gate insulators, and novel device physics.
		Although most carbon nanotube transistors behave as Schottky barrier transistors so far, the ultimate transistor performance is achieved when the transistor at the ballistic MOSFET-like operation limit when 1) the current is limited by barrier inside the channel rather than at the M/S contacts and 2) the channel is ballistic.
		For an intrinsic carbon nanotube attached to the bulk contacts, charge transfer doping is significant if the metal-nanotube barrier height is low and the insulator dielectric constant is high.
	foresight.org /Conferences/MNT11/Abstracts/Lundstrom (498 words)

	Carbon nanotube breakthrough claimed
		Carbon nanotubes are minute cylinders of carbon atoms that are efficient conductors and an emit large amounts of electrons at low voltages.
		NKK says its carbon nanotube tape could be used for such products as a next-generation flat-panel displays, fuel cells, field emission displays, and radiating components of integrated circuits.
		NANOTUBE TECHNOLOGY will feature in future televisions, NKK Corporation suggests, having developed a carbon nanotube shaped like a piece of tape.
	www.theinquirer.net /?article=6809 (206 words)

	Physics News Update
		CARBON NANOWIRE (CNW), a one-dimensional string of carbon atoms threaded through a carbon nanotube, has been observed for the first time.
		Carbon chains have been observed before, but never inside a nanotube.
		(This same team has produced the smallest nanotubes---only 0.4 nm in diameter---and multiwalled nanotubes with the thinnest inner diameter---only 1 nm.) Carbon nanowires should have interesting mechanical properties; e.g., as ultrastrong fibers they might serve in Space Shuttle nosecones or as friction-free rotational bearings (see PNG figure).
	www.aip.org /enews/physnews/2003/split/635-3.html (241 words)

	SPACE.com -- Nanotechnology: Scientists Pin Big Hopes on a Small Scale
		Edwards said that beyond the carbon nanotube-based materials, nanotechnologies will be used for simple thermal control surfaces and, ultimately, for more complex systems such as millions of microscopic robots that work together to form and reform into a wide range of applications.
		Nanomaterials: Carbon nanotube reinforced, lightweight materials could revolutionize vehicle design with their superior tensile strength and their ability to conduct heat and electricity.
		The lure of carbon nanotubes, Laine said, is that they are 40 to 60 times stronger than industrial steel.
	www.space.com /businesstechnology/technology/nanotech_space_041222.html (1328 words)

	Cornell News: carbon nanotube oscillator
		Carbon nanotubes are cylinders of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal pattern similar to that in the geodesic domes created by architect, inventor and mathematician Buckminster Fuller.
		By replacing the silicon rod with a carbon nanotube, the Cornell researchers have created an oscillator that is even smaller and very durable.
		ITHACA, N.Y. -- Using a carbon nanotube, Cornell University researchers have produced a tiny electromechanical oscillator that might be capable of weighing a single atom.
	www.news.cornell.edu /releases/Sept04/McEuen.nanotube.ws.html (812 words)

	Nanotubes show their strength in numbers - Science Mysteries - MSNBC.com
		Individual carbon nanotubes, long, cylindrical sheets of carbon atoms, are like minute bits of string, and researchers must assemble many trillions of these strings to make useful objects, including wide sheets and long yarns.
		Researchers have now made large nanotube sheets that have many of the same star qualities as the prima donna-like single molecules, bringing the promises of nanotechnology a step closer to reality.
		Until now, nanotube sheets have usually been made using versions of the ancient art of paper making, by filtering solutions of nanotubes and then peeling the nanotubes off the filter once they’re dry, which can take about a week.
	www.msnbc.msn.com /id/8976160 (578 words)

	Carbon Nanotube Manufacturing on a Commercial Scale - Ready for Mass-Markets
		The carbon in the graphite reforms as predominantly single-wall nanotubes on the metal catalyst particles.
		It is also likely that modest loadings of single-wall carbon nanotubes will actually enhance the structural properties of the composite.
		The anti-static properties of carbon nanotube coatings may also have potential applications in packaging.
	www.azonano.com /details.asp?ArticleID=1108 (2391 words)

	Physics News Update Number 371 - Story A CARBON NANOTUBE TRANSISTOR
		In the device, a semiconducting carbon nanotube (only about 1 nm in diameter) bridges two closely separated metal electrodes (400 nm apart) atop a silicon surface coated with silicon dioxide.
		Although carbon nanotubes are robust and durable molecules, they can't yet be made uniformly.
		While this can provide disadvantages (a slight deviation from the desired radius can give the nanotube metallic properties), it can also bring about advantages--such as the possibility of a metal-semiconductor junction made completely of carbon nanotubes.
	www.aip.org /enews/physnews/1998/split/pnu371-3.htm (174 words)

	Flame Synthesis Used to Create Metal-Catalyzed Carbon Nanotubes
		Flame synthesis of carbon nanotubes could potentially realize an economy of scale that would enable their use in common structural materials such as car-body panels.
		Such cylinders may be composed of many nested, concentric atomic layers of carbon or only a single layer, the latter forming a single-walled carbon nanotube.
		Current methods of synthesizing carbon nanotubes include thermal pyrolysis of organometallics, laser ablation of metal targets within hydrocarbon atmospheres at high temperatures, and arc discharges.
	www.grc.nasa.gov /WWW/RT2000/6000/6711vanderwal.html (638 words)

	Green Car Congress: MIT Carbon Nanotube Ultracapacitor Could Approach Storage Density of Batteries
		I just read somewhere recently that carbon nanotubes are so "indestructible" that we're likely to start seeing problems from their accumulation in the environment if we use them in any large measure.
		MIT Carbon Nanotube Ultracapacitor could approach storage density of batteries.
		The vertically-aligned nanotubes in the LEES ultracapacitor have a regular shape, and a size that is only several atomic diameters in width.
	www.greencarcongress.com /2006/02/mit_carbon_nano.html (1458 words)

	Laboratory grows world record length carbon nanotube
		Long metallic carbon nanotubes can be used to create a bio/chemical sensor in one segment while the rest of the nanotube can act as a conductor to transmit the signal.
		Discovered in 1991 by Japanese scientist Sumio Iijima, carbon nanotubes are cylindrical carbon molecules that are very similar in structure to a fullerene, or buckyball, but instead of being a sphere, the nanotube is tubular in shape.
		Single-wall carbon nanotubes have a number of revolutionary uses, including being spun into fibers or yarns that are more than 10 times stronger than any current structural material.
	www.lanl.gov /worldview/news/releases/archive/04-076.shtml (539 words)

	New Scientist Breaking News - Super-tough nanotube threads created
		A spinning aqueous solution of carbon nanotubes and a surfactant is injected into pipe in which a solution of polyvinyl alcohol flows.
		Clothes woven with electrically conducting threads are a significant step closer with the creation of super-tough carbon nanotube fibres up to 100 metres long.
		The fibre contains 60 per cent carbon nanotubes bound together by polyvinyl alcohol.
	www.newscientist.com /article.ns?id=dn3823 (426 words)

	Atomic Force Microscope and Carbon Nanotube Probes
		In addition to using the AFM and carbon nanotube tips for characterization, Dr. Nguyen is also exploring novel fabrication schemes employing AFM and carbon nanotube tips.
		The carbon nanotube tips are electrically conductive so they are also ideal for application in scanning probe lithography (SPL).
		Since 1999, he has been at NASA Ames Research Center, where his research shifted to carbon nanotubes.
	ewh.ieee.org /r6/san_francisco/nntc/archive/abstract_081604.htm (455 words)

	Carbon Nanotubes With Big Possibilities
		Carbon nanotubes do not yet have any mainstream practical applications, but researchers are investigating ways to use them in flat-panel displays, such as televisions and computer monitors, or as reinforcements in building materials, due to their exceptional mechanical strength.
		This step in research on carbon nanotubes may help to materialize many of the proposed applications for carbon nanotubes, such as in electronics and photonics development.
		A scientist at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory, working with colleagues at the IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, has caused an individual carbon nanotube to emit light for the first time.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/nanotech-04o.html (314 words)

	DailyTech - New Carbon Nanotube Behavior Discovered
		Using their new manufacturing method, a typical carbon nanotube can be stretched from 24nm to 92nm.
		NanoTechWire is reporting about a recently published paper by three scientists who claim to have made an astonishing discovery for carbon nanotubes.
		Carbon content usually ranges from a low of 0.1 percent to about 1.0 percent.
	www.dailytech.com /article.aspx?newsid=380 (446 words)

	Physics News 531, March 22, 2001
		A CARBON NANOTUBE INTEGRATED CIRCUIT, with a thousand nanotubes acting like transistors, has been devised by Phaedon Avouris of IBM (914-945-2722, avouris@us.ibm.com).
		Nanotubes, for example, can sustain current densities hundreds of times greater than that of common metals, and are created in both metallic and semiconducting form.
		Other nanotube highlights from the same meeting: David Tomanek of Michigan State (517-355-9702, tomanek@pa.msu.edu) said that experimental measurements of nanotube heat conductivity went as high as 3000 watts/m/K, almost as high as that of diamond.
	newton.ex.ac.uk /aip/physnews.531.html (926 words)

	LEES ## Projects ## Carbon Nanotube Enhanced Ultracapacitors
		The energy density improvement of a “nanotube enhanced electrode” is due to the higher effective surface area obtainable with a structure based on vertically aligned nanotubes over activated carbon.
		A matrix of vertically aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) has been investigated as a DLC electrode.
		SEM of a SWNT surrounded by catalyst particle and impurities on the surface of the Si substrate.
	lees.mit.edu /lees/projects/cnt_ultracap_project.htm (453 words)

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