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Topic: Carborane

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	Carborane supercluster and method of producing same - US Patent 6680411 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		It is expected that the carborane molecule keeps its uniqueness even after it is used to form a supercluster, if the carborane molecules are linked together by dehydrogenating condensation (i.e., through hydrogen elimination of the carborane, which applies a small effect to the electron structure) while keeping the skeletal structure of the carborane unchanged.
		The carborane ions and the carborane supercluster ions in their growth process, are generated and trapped for a specific period in the ion trap 14.
		This method is used in the case where the reaction of the carborane supercluster ions with the remaining neutral carborane is started with a pulsed e-beam and then, the supercluster ions existing in their various growth stages are instantaneously taken out of the trap 14 after a specific reaction period.
	www.patentstorm.us /patents/6680411.html (6972 words)

	Bonding material and method - Patent 4069083
		Carborane polysiloxanes are a group of materials which are prepared by reacting a carborance of the desired structure with a siloxane of the desired structure.
		The carborane polysiloxanes employed must each have a chemical and molecular structure which is thermally stable at the desired operating temperature and miscible or soluble in the vehicle-solvent.
		The criteria for the vehicle-solvent are that the carborane polysiloxane adhesives be soluble or miscible therein and that the vehicle-solvent evaporate from the mixture to cure the adhesive by vehicle-solvent release.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4069083.html (2310 words)

	Polymerization or inorganic element-containing monomers using plasma, and the formed product - Patent 4320219
		A method for the polymerization of a carborane monomer comprising establishing and maintaining a contained zone of ionized gas plasma at an energy of less than 100 eV by applying an electric field said gas plasma being in contact with the surface of a non-vapor volume of said carborane monomer to cause it to polymerize.
		The monomers are of the phosphazene or carborane form both of which are crystalline solids under ambient conditions and in their structural formulae include the inorganic elements phosphorus or boron in the repeating units of the polymer.
		The carborane homopolymer produced from the foregoing ring compounds are characterized by structural formula (3) with the exception that the number of repeating units is at least 3.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4320219.html (2421 words)

	BioEd Online: World's strongest acid created
		The compound, called a carborane acid, is the first 'superacid' that can be stored in a bottle, say its creators.
		But the carborane part of the molecule, which is what remains when a proton is given away, contains a cluster of 11 boron atoms and one carbon arranged into a shape called an icosahedron.
		Carborane acids could be used to study these elusive chemicals more closely, or even help chemical industries to run their reactions more efficiently.
	www.bioedonline.org /news/news-print.cfm?art=1387 (462 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Carboranes are cage compounds composed of two carbons (the dots) and 10 borons (the other vertices of the cage).
		In the parent carborane there is a hydrogen (or another substituent) on every vertex.
		The carboranes present us with a quite rigid system in which the carbon-carbon bond is very long.
	www.princeton.edu /~mjjr/1,2-de.html (358 words)

	Method for producing carborane-siloxane polymers directly from carborane - Patent 4235987
		A method is disclosed for preparing carborane-siloxane polymers directly from carborane which comprises reacting and polymerizing a dilithio salt of a carborane with a bis-halo-ended siloxane.
		The preparation of the carborane disilanol (III) is expensive and time-consuming, as is, to a lesser extent, the preparation of the bis-ureido-silanes and bis-ureido-siloxanes, and other monomers employed in the synthesis of these polymers.
		The present invention is a method for preparing carborane-siloxane polymers directly from the carborane, which comprises reacting and polymerizing a dilithio salt of a carborane with a bis-halo-ended siloxane to afford the polymer.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4235987.html (1480 words)

	1999 Progress Report - IMPROVING SELECTIVITY IN METAL BINDING POLYMERS: TARGETING CESIUM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Carborane groups may be attached to norbornene-based monomers through a variety of intermediate functional groups such a chlorosilanes or tosylates.
		Carborane groups near the polymer main chain have a large effect on thermal properties, but a spacer distance of six atoms is enough to negate this effect.
		These carborane compounds are intended to be used as intermediates in the synthesis of cobalt dicarbollide containing polymers.
	es.epa.gov /ncer/fellow/progress/96/manal99.html (392 words)

	Strong, yet gentle, acid uncovered
		As a result, carborane acids can add hydrogen ions to weakly basic molecules without destroying the often delicate positively charged molecules that are formed.This is the essence of their strong-yet-gentle qualities, Reed added.
		The strong-yet-gentle carborane acids overcome this difficulty, allowing chemists to take a closer look at important molecules whose existence was typically fleeting, Reed said.
		Acidic media having or exceeding the acidity of carborane acids had been achieved previously by adding antimony pentafluoride (SbF5) to fluorosulfuric acid but these mixtures are very corrosive and have other limitations.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-11/uoc--syg111504.php (803 words)

	Department of Chemistry: Seminar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Dicarba-closo-dodecaboranes, otherwise known as carboranes, are attractive synthons for the development of inorganic pharmaceuticals and biological probes because of the unique chemical and physical properties of these clusters.
		Taking advantage of the versatile synthetic chemistry of carboranes, a new targeting strategy was developed in which a carborane ligand was incorporated into the basic structure of a biologically active molecule.
		A stereoselective synthetic methodology for incorporating a carborane in to the backbone of the known anti-cancer agent tamoxifen was developed.
	www.chemistry.mcmaster.ca /seminars/0203/chem.20030508.html (356 words)

	World's Strongest and Kindest Acid Discovered
		This means that the carborane part of the acid cannot participate in the chemistry of corrosion and decomposition that fluoride and nitrate show in hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid.
		Carborane acids are allowing us to do this.
		The diagram of the carborane ions was extracted from this paper.
	www.primidi.com /2004/11/17.html (650 words)

	UCR Department of Chemistry
		The carborane anion is such a weak base that its conjugate acid, H(CB11H6Cl16), can protonate benzene to give remarkably stable arenium ion salts--the so-called Wheland intermediates of electrophilic aromatic substitution.
		The carborane is a non-oxidizing anion and this characteristic can be turned to advantage in making a “superoxidant” i.e.
		With ionic liquids as solvents and carboranes as counterions we anticipate that novel carbon frameworks can be made with interesting new properties.
	www.chem.ucr.edu /faculty/reed/reed.html (615 words)

	Method for producing ceramic fibers from blends of siloxane resins and carborane siloxane oligomers - Patent 6103178
		The present invention relates to a method for the formation of amorphous boron silicon oxycarbide fibers and crystalline boron-doped silicon carbide fibers wherein the method comprises preparing a blend of a siloxane resin and a carborane-siloxane oligomer, forming the blend into green fibers, and then curing and pyrolyzing the fibers.
		These carborane-siloxane polymers are prepared by condensation polymerization of carborane derivatives with alkylchlorosilanes or alkylchlorosiloxanes in the presence of a catalyst.
		The blend of the siloxane resin and the boron containing additive may be prepared by first dissolving the siloxane resin and the boron containing additive in a solvent.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6103178.html (4713 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Carboranes are weakly coordinating anions that are based on a relatively stable boron cluster framework.
		The term"closo-dodecacarborane"refers to a closed carborane cage comprised of 11 boron atoms and one carbon atom.
		To demonstrate the utility of the novel carborane derivative of the present invention, leaching experiments and optode response curves were evaluated.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=04/106893.041209&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (8482 words)

	Carborane supercluster and method of producing same page
		A carborane supercluster соnsisting of carborane (C.sub.2 B.sub.10 H.sub.12) as its constituent element expressed as a moIecuIar formuIa C.sub.2m B.sub.10m H.sub.12m-x, wherever x is a роsitive integer (i.e., x=1, 2, 3,.
		To create the supercluster, carborane (C.sub.2 B.sub.10 H.sub.12) is ionized in a reаction chamber to make carborane ions and next, the carborane ions thus made аre consecutively reacted with the residual neutraI (i.e., non-ionized) carborane (C.sub.2 B.sub.10 H.sub.12), thus making the carborane supercluster.
		PreferabIy, the cIuster of the carborane consists of least twо of o-carborane, m-carborane, and p-carborane.
	www.patentalert.com /docs/001/z00173257.shtml (263 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		A carborane is a mixed hydride of boron and carbon containing a polyhedral framework of boron atoms which also includes one or more carbon atom.
		The prefix closo is used to designate those carboranes in which the framework is a complete deltahedron.
		the parent carborane can be considered to result from nucleophilic attack at the most electron-deficient boron atom of the carborane.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=98/21216.010621&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (2468 words)

	carborane -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The carboranes have polyhedral molecular structures based on networks of boron and carbon atoms, the carbon atoms occupying...
		The mixture of the first three carboranes mentioned above was produced in low yield by reaction of pentaborane(9) with acetylene in a silent electric discharge.
		As is the case with boranes, the nido- and arachno-carboranes are less thermally stable and reactive toward air and chemical reagents than the corresponding closo-carboranes, most of which are stable to 400° C,...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9020268 (332 words)

	New Acid is Not a Sore Loser (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The carborane "superacids" are very good at giving away protons, or hydrogen ions because they hang onto these ions so weakly.
		The carborane acids, on the other hand, are very stable, even after they give away their protons.
		The strongest carborane acid is at least a million times stronger than sulfuric acid, the kind of acid used in car batteries, according to a press release from the University of California.
	www.chemistry.org /portal/a/c/s/1/feature_ent.html?id=c373e901945184ef8f6a17245d830100 (507 words)

	Carborane - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A carborane is a cluster composed of boron and carbon atoms.
		Two interesting examples of carboranes are the extremely unstable solidwastes(poop) closo-carboranes, such as neutral C
		+ 2 (CH (Et (Et Carboranes belong to a larger class of organoborane compounds.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Carborane (272 words)

	Comparative Studies of Four-ring mesogens Containing p-Carborane, Bicyclo[2.2.2]octane, Cyclohexane and Benzene (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The structure-mesogenic relationships were made by comparison between the series of esters and the corresponding methoxy derivatives of the phenols.
		Carborane derivatives show an increased stabilization of nematic phases, while the cyclohexane derivatives demonstrated the greatest diversity in smectic polymorphism (up to four phases).
		A significant relationship was found between the structure of the phenols and mesogenic properties, with the rigidity of the phenol having a large effect on both clearing temperatures and polymorphism.
	acs.confex.com /acs/36glrm/techprogram/P10644.HTM (182 words)

	Hawthorne Lab - Introduction
		A variety of different linear groups for use between the carborane cages and carborane cage substituents are under investigation in order to control the length, rigidity, shape, reactivity and solubility of these materials.
		The carborane modules incorporated in carboracycles may also be converted to metallacarborane components by well-known reactions with transition metals, lanthanides, and main group metals.
		Thus far, "camouflaged carboranes and polyhedral boranes" are comprised of derivatives of the three isomers of carboranes (1,2- or ortho-, 1,7- or meta-, and 1,12- or para-carborane) and the icosahedral B
	www.chem.ucla.edu /dept/Faculty/hawthorne/introduction/intro0.htm (1427 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		B isotope (20% of natural abundance) mean that carboranes linked to simple atomic groups can be targeted to specific tumor tissues and are important for boron neutron capture therapy of cancer [3,4].
		The scarcity of experimental data on the carboranes is a serious drawback to the development of a suitable potential.
		For m- and o- carborane, the results in the intermediate range of temperatures are less certain.
	www.tandar.cnea.gov.ar /~gamba/z-carbo/carbo.htm (960 words)

	LabOnline : feature articles 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Most importantly, the carborane part of the acid is an extremely weak base (ie, weakly alkaline), and carboranes have extraordinary chemical stability.
		As a result, carborane acids can add hydrogen ions to weakly basic molecules without destroying the often delicate positively charged molecules that are formed.
		Examples of molecules that add a hydrogen ion and are stabilised with a carborane as the negatively charged part of the product include benzene to give benzenium ion, C60 to give 'protonated buckyball,' and alkenes to give carbocations.
	www.labonline.com.au /science/feature_article/item_012005b.asp (799 words)

	Hydridometallic carborane catalytic compounds - United States Patent 3,976,596
		A family of stable hydrido-rhodium and iridium carboranes are described which are effective catalysts for the homogeneous hydrogenation, isomerization and hydroformylation of olefins and the hydrosilylation of ketones.
		An hydridometallic carborane compound for use as a catalyst, said compound being selected from a group consisting of isomers of (PPh.sub.3).sub.2 HMC.sub.2 B.sub.9 H.sub.11 wherein M is a metal selected from a group consisting of rhodium and iridium.
		From these tests, it was found that the infrared spectra of rhodacarborane compounds I and II contained absorptions characteristic of triphenylphosphine and the carborane moiety, and two additional bands [(2080 and 2120 cm.sup.-)-(2070 and 2110 cm.sup.-.sup.1) Nujol mull]assigned to v(RhH).
	xrint.com /patents/us/3976596 (2363 words)

	Theses from Uppsala University : 3561 - Carborane Derivatives for Nuclide Therapy and Imaging
		Reaction of the corresponding iodinated carborane, in the presence of palladium catalyst, [
		Br]brominated carboranes were obtained in high to excellent yields.
		Carborane Derivatives for Nuclide Therapy and Imaging: Synthesis and Radio-labelling.
	publications.uu.se /theses/abstract.xsql?dbid=3561 (400 words)

	Encyclopedia: Carborane (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Icosahedral carborane modules can be linked with each other by direct C-C bond formation, through a linking moiety such as alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene and arylene groups, or a metal center such as Hg.
		This can be accomplished by using camouflaged carboranes, like per-B-methylated para- carborane, which will provide excellent solubility in hydrophobic hydrocarbon solvents.
		There is much work to be done in systematically varying the substituents on the carboranes to optimize properties for particular applications.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Carborane (814 words)

	NUCOR - Title (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The preparation of stock solutions for this compound is therefore possible and it should be a matter of choosing the appropriate substrate to react with it in order to produce a variety of monosubstituted o-carborane analogs, that would be used as part of this research.
		In terms of coordinating Uranium to this carboranes, the presence of ionizable groups could greatly enhance the stability of the complex.
		to a carborane cage, with the assistance of the negatively charge oxygen atoms at the end of the carboxylic groups.
	www.chemistry.nmsu.edu /faculty/NUCOR.html (1820 words)

	Process for the recovery of carborane from reject propellant - United States Patent 4,376,666
		An object of this invention is to provide a process for the recovery of carborane from reject propellant from various sources including waste propellant, propellant test specimen, and reject motors, both cured and uncured materials.
		The carborane/pentane solution is transferred to the carborane recovery still for concentration by flash distilling of about 80% of the pentane to yield about 80/20 solution of carborane/pentane.
		The process for the recovery of carborane (n-hexylcarborane) from reject propellants is broken down into three major phases: reject propellant size reduction phase, pentane extraction phase, and separation and purification phase.
	xrint.com /patents/us/4376666 (4571 words)

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