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Topic: Carboxyl

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	carboxyl group on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Carboxylic acids are compounds whose molecules contain a carboxyl group that is joined to a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group by a single bond to its carbon atom.
		The four main types of reactions of carboxylic acids are chiefly due to either the weak acidity of the hydroxyl hydrogen or to the difference in electronegativity between carbon and oxygen.
		Carboxyl terminated polyamide 12 chain extension by reactive extrusion using a dioxazoline coupling agent.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/c1/carbxylgr.asp (499 words)

	Carboxyl group - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In chemistry, a carboxyl group is a functional group consisting of a carbon atom doubly bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to a hydroxyl (-OH) group, typically written as -COOH:
		Carboxyl groups are weakly acidic and are the characteristic constituents of carboxylic acids.
		The addition of a carboxyl group to a compound is known as carboxylation; the removal of one is decarboxylation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Carboxyl (131 words)

	United States Patent Application: 0020156316
		This carboxyl polyol was obtained by reacting 1 mol of polyether polyol 76-635 with 1 mol of succinic anhydride in presence of hydrochloric acid as described in Example 15 and had equivalent weight 168.8 for each OH group and equivalent weight 358.7 for each carboxyl group.
		This polyol with carboxyl groups was obtained by reacting 1 mol of polyether polyol 76-635 with 1 mol of succinic anhydride in presence of sulfuric acid as described in Example 16 and had equivalent weight 167.8 for each OH group and equivalent weight 353.7 for each carboxyl group.
		This polyol with carboxyl groups was obtained by reacting 1 mol of polyether polyol 76-635 with 1 mol of succinic anhydride in presence of nitric acid as described in Example 17 and had equivalent weight 167.8 for each OH group and equivalent weight 363.3 for each carboxyl group.
	appft1.uspto.gov /netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&co1=AND&d=PG01&s1=20020156316.PGNR.&OS=DN/20020156316&RS=DN/20020156316 (9421 words)

	Carboxyl Derivative Reactivity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Carboxylic acids have a hydroxyl group bonded to an acyl group, and their functional derivatives are prepared by replacement of the hydroxyl group with substituents, such as halo, alkoxyl, amino and acyloxy.
		Hydrolysis of nitriles to carboxylic acids was described earlier, and requires reaction conditions (catalysts and heat) similar to those needed to hydrolyze amides.
		Since relatively few methods exist for the reduction of carboxylic acid derivatives to aldehydes, it would be useful to modify the reactivity and solubility of LAH to permit partial reductions of this kind to be achieved.
	www.cem.msu.edu /%7Ereusch/VirtualText/crbacid2.htm (3912 words)

	Glucose Activates the Carboxyl Methylation of gamma Subunits of Trimeric GTP-binding Proteins in Pancreatic beta ...
		by 11.1-mM glucose of the carboxyl methylation of
		Inhibition by PTx-pretreatment of glucose-, potassium-, or mastoparan-sensitive carboxyl methylation of
		of ibuprofen-induced inhibition of glucose-stimulated carboxyl methylation of
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/100/6/1596 (5857 words)

	Phosphorylation of the Angiotensin II (AT1A) Receptor Carboxyl Terminus: A Role in Receptor Endocytosis -- Thomas et ...
		The region of the carboxyl terminus (residues 332–338), previously identified as important for endocytosis (14), is shown in detail; the presence of serine and threonine residues is indicative of modification by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation.
		the AT receptor carboxyl terminus and its phosphorylation,
		Roth A, Kreienkamp HJ, Meyerhof W, Richter D 1997 Phosphorylation of four amino acid residues in the carboxyl terminus of the rat somatostatin receptor subtype 3 is crucial for its desensitization and internalization.
	mend.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/12/10/1513 (6667 words)

	Introduction of a Carboxyl Group in the First Transmembrane Helix of Escherichia coli F1Fo ATPase Subunit c and ...
		Models of positions of the carboxyl groups and neighboring residues in the subunit c oligomer of the F- and V-type ATPases.
		E and e represent the essential carboxyl group and the carboxyl group at position 188, respectively.
		Two carboxyl groups in transmembrane helices of subunit c are found in several pathogenic bacteria and in the related vacuolar ATPase.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/183/5/1524 (3438 words)

	Carboxyl -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Carboxyl groups are characteristic constituents of more complex functional groups such as (An organic acid characterized by one or more carboxyl groups) carboxylic acids and (Any organic compound containing the group -CONH2) amides.
		They are present in most (Click link for more info and facts about organic acid) organic acids, this making them (Click link for more info and facts about biodegradable) biodegradable.
		The C=O stretch of carboxyl groups can be identified (Click link for more info and facts about spectroscopically) spectroscopically by a sharp peak in the (The infrared part of the electromagnetic spectrum; electromagnetic wave frequencies below the visible range) infrared between 1700 and 2100 cm
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/ca/carboxyl.htm (120 words)

	The Carboxyl Terminus of the Granulocyte Colony- Stimulating Factor Receptor, Truncated in Patients with Severe ...
		The Carboxyl Terminus of the Granulocyte Colony- Stimulating Factor Receptor, Truncated in Patients with Severe Congenital Neutropenia/Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Is Required for SH2-Containing Phosphatase-1 Suppression of Stat Activation -- Dong et al.
		The carboxyl terminus of the G-CSF receptor is required for SHP-1 suppression of Stat activation by G-CSF.
		pathway by the carboxyl terminus of the G-CSF receptor.
	www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/167/11/6447 (4896 words)

	Carboxyl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		The electrons in the valence shells in the atoms of an ionized carboxyl group are shown in two equivalent forms in the next sketch:
		Not only is oxygen an atom with a nearly full shell of valence electrons, its double bond with carbon makes the carbon electron-rich also.
		The binding of the -OH in an alcohol has none of these features and an alcohol is similar to water in hardly ionizing at all.
	sosnick.uchicago.edu /carboxyl.htm (210 words)

	carboxyl group (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Carboxylic acids are compounds whose molecules contain a carboxyl group that is joined to a hydrogen atom, an
		The four main types of reactions of carboxylic acids are chiefly due to either the weak acidity of the hydroxyl hydrogen or to the difference in
		; the carboxyl group may be thought of as a carbonyl group joined to a hydroxyl group.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/sci/A0810381.html (288 words)

	Carboxyl ester lipase activity in milk prevents fat-derived intestinal injury in neonatal mice -- Howles et al. 277 ...
		Carboxyl ester lipase activity in milk prevents fat-derived intestinal injury in neonatal mice -- Howles et al.
		Carboxyl ester lipase activity in milk prevents fat-derived intestinal injury in neonatal mice
		Carboxyl ester lipase (bile salt-stimulated lipase) is a pancreatic enzyme capable of hydrolyzing esters of cholesterol and
	ajpgi.physiology.org /cgi/content/abstract/277/3/G653 (281 words)

	Dissociation of Sarcoglycans and the Dystrophin Carboxyl Terminus From the Sarcolemma in Enteroviral Cardiomyopathy -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Dissociation of Sarcoglycans and the Dystrophin Carboxyl Terminus From the Sarcolemma in Enteroviral Cardiomyopathy -- Lee et al.
		Dissociation of Sarcoglycans and the Dystrophin Carboxyl Terminus From the Sarcolemma in Enteroviral Cardiomyopathy
		carboxyl terminus of dystrophin and a decrease in membrane concentration
	circres.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/87/6/489 (3718 words)

	Prenylcysteine alpha -Carboxyl Methyltransferase in Suspension-Cultured Tobacco Cells -- Crowell et al. 118 (1): 115 -- ...
		Carboxyl methylation is essential for the membrane association and function of certain isoprenylated signal-transducing proteins.
		Unlike isoprenylation, carboxyl methylation of prenylcysteine residues is a reversible modification and is therefore subject
		Stephenson RC, Clarke S (1992) Characterization of a rat liver protein carboxyl methyltransferase involved in the maturation of proteins with the -CXXX C-terminal sequence motif.
	www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/full/118/1/115 (4292 words)

	Glucose- and GTP-dependent Stimulation of the Carboxyl Methylation of CDC42 in Rodent and Human Pancreatic Islets and ...
		a substrate; AFC is esterified at the carboxyl terminus in the
		and the carboxyl methylation by vapor-phase equilibration assay
		AFC inhibited the carboxyl methylation of monomeric G-proteins
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/98/2/540 (9231 words)

	The Carboxyl Terminus of Zona Occludens-3 Binds and Recruits a Mammalian Homologue of Discs Lost to Tight Junctions -- ...
		The Carboxyl Terminus of ZO-3 Binds to PATJ in Vitro-- Deleting the MRE domain of PATJ did not completely affect the localization of PATJ to TJs.
		PDZ domain of PATJ binds to the carboxyl termini of members of the claudin family which end in the YV sequence.
		carboxyl termini of ZO-1 nor Pyd are predicted to bind PDZ domains.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/277/30/27501 (5161 words)

	C-terminal Sequencing
		The hydroxyl groups of Ser and Thr are acetylated on the Procise C with Ac2O during sequencing by using an acylation catalyst, N-methylimidazole (NMI).
		Because the thiohydantoin amino acids produced have UV absorption spectra and extinction coefficients similar to the phenylthiohydantoin amino acids formed during the Edman degradation, the sensitivity of carboxyl -terminal sequencing is expected to rapidly approach that currently possible with amino-terminal sequencing.
		The sequenced Teflon bands were transferred to a carboxyl -terminal sequencer column, and the results (Figure 6B) show the expected carboxyl-terminal sequence GQF, with 79 pmol Gly recovered at cycle1.
	www.abrf.org /ABRFNews/1996/September1996/sep96cterm.html (3026 words)

	Carboxyl ester lipase: structure-function relationship and physiological role in lipoprotein metabolism and ...
		Abbreviations: CEL, carboxyl ester lipase; lysoPC, lysophosphatidylcholine; PTL, pancreatic triglyceride lipase
		Ribbon diagram of the carboxyl ester lipase (CEL) model in the absence (A) or presence (B) of taurocholate.
		in exon 7 of the carboxyl ester lipase gene.
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/43/12/2017 (8277 words)

	unit03-sect03-les04-lessona
		The general formula for the carboxylic acids is RCOOH where R represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl group.
		The carbon atom of the carboxyl group is considered to be part of the alkyl stem.
		The carbon atom in the carboxyl group is carbon #1.
	www.cdli.ca /courses/chem2202/unit03/section03/lesson04/3-lesson-a.htm (341 words)

	Dental cement hardened by a carboxyl group-modified silicone oil and a hardening accelerator - Patent 5108506
		%, based on the constituents of the dental cement, of a carboxyl group-modified silicone oil as a hardening liquid which exhibits a hardening effect to dental surfaces and an effective amount of a hardening accelerator, wherein the hardening accelerator is a metallic oxide and/or a metallic hydroxide.
		Although it is not academically ascertained why the favorable result comes up, one approach indicates that the hardening derives from the chelation taking place between the carboxylic group in the carboxyl-modified silicone oil and the metals in the metallic oxide and/or the metallic hydroxide.
		As is evident from the foregoing description, the cement of the present invention contains carboxyl-modified silicone oil for a hardening liquid, thereby eliminating the possibility of stimulating the tooth pulps and enhancing the confining ability and the biological compatibility.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5108506.html (2083 words)

	Function of the HIV-1 envelope carboxyl terminus. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		To determine the function of this domain in the virus life cycle, the effect of mutations in the carboxy terminal 160 amino acids of gp41 on viral replication, envelope glycoprotein synthesis and processing, syncytium for mutation, and incorporation of envelope glycoproteins into virions was investigated.
		METHODS: An HIV-1 envelope expressor plasmid was used to identify and characterize replication-defective carboxyl terminus mutants in transfected Cos-I and Jurkat cells.
		The replicative potential of the mutant envelope glycoproteins was tested using viruses produced in Cos-1 cells in a transient trans-complementation assay.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1991/dec/M91C4057.html (445 words)

	Determination of carboxyl groups in wood fibers by headspace gas chromatography
		Acid treatment of the wood fibers using hydrochloric was applied to convert carboxyl groups to carboxyl acids.
		Bicarbonate solution is then used to react with carboxyl acids on the treated fibers in the headspace of a testing vial to form carbon dioxide that is analyzed by a thermal conductivity detector using gas chromatography.
		The measured contents of carboxyl groups in 8 wood fiber samples were in good agreement with those measured by a titration method.
	www.treesearch.fs.fed.us /pubs/viewpub.jsp?index=8442 (377 words)

	Isoprenylcysteine Carboxyl Methyltransferase Activity Modulates Endothelial Cell Apoptosis -- Kramer et al. 14 (3): 848 ...
		PAECs were exposed to UV light for indicated times and incubated in serum-free MEM overnight at 37°C. The levels of active Ras GTPase (a) and Ras GTPase carboxyl methylation (b) were measured and quantified as stated in Figure 5 legend.
		Carboxyl methylation of proteins is a posttranslational modification that may be important in signal transduction.
		Desrosiers, R.R., Nguyen, Q., and Beliveau, R. The carboxyl methyltransferase modifying G proteins is a metalloenzyme.
	www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/full/14/3/848 (5078 words)

	Mutations in the Carboxyl-Terminal Domain of the Small Hepatitis B Virus Envelope Protein Impair the Assembly of ...
		In the present study, we examined the carboxyl terminus of S, extending from residues 162 to 226, for its function in HDV assembly.
		The carboxyl terminus of S is highly hydrophobic, and it is predicted to contain two transmembrane alpha-helices located at
		the carboxyl terminus (residues 179 to 183 and 194 to 203).
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/73/4/3351 (5875 words)

	A carboxyl-terminal interaction of lamin B1 is dependent on the CAAX endoprotease Rce1 and carboxymethylation -- Maske ...
		of the carboxyl terminus of pre–lamin A (Bergo et al., 2002b).
		YFP–lamin C (lane 1) was fused upstream of 13 (lane 2) or 25 (lane 3) residues of the carboxyl terminus of lamin B1 and expressed in HeLa cells.
		Increasing lengths of the lamin B1 carboxyl terminus were fused to the carboxyl terminus of NLS-YFP.
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/full/162/7/1223 (6902 words)

	The molecular structure and catalytic mechanism of a novel carboxyl peptidase from Scytalidium lignicolum -- Fujinaga ...
		The molecular structure and catalytic mechanism of a novel carboxyl peptidase from Scytalidium lignicolum -- Fujinaga et al.
		The carboxylate group of Asp-43 in SCP-B is buried and is the recipient of four H bonds from the main-chain NH groups from residues Cys-127 to Asn-130, inclusively.
		The carboxylate of Asp-43 is buried and negatively
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/101/10/3364 (3829 words)

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