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Topic: Carcinoid syndrome

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	Carcinoid syndrome - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Carcinoid syndrome refers to the array of symptoms that occur secondary to carcinoid tumors.
		Carcinoid tumors produce the vasoactive substance, serotonin; it is commonly but incorrectly thought that serotonin is the cause of the flushing.
		Carcinoid tumors arising in the bronchi, because their biologically active products reach the systemic circulation before passing through the liver, may be associated with manifestations of carcinoid syndrome without liver metastases.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Carcinoid_syndrome (510 words)

	Carcinoid Syndrome Epidemiology and Pathophysiology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Carcinoid syndrome does not usually develop until a tumor has metastasized — usually to the liver —; and the hormonal products released by the tumor reach the circulation in substantial concentrations (5, 6).
		The likelihood of occurrence and the associated severity of carcinoid syndrome depend on several factors: tumor size, whether its location is in an area draining into the systemic circulation, and the degree of metastasis (6).
		Carcinoid syndrome exhibits slow growth with early ill-defined symptoms and is frequently misdiagnosed as "irritable bowel syndrome" or "spastic colon" (1).
	www.us.sandostatin.com /hcp/carcinoid/epidemiology-pathophysiology.jsp (1106 words)

	Carcinoid Syndrome
		Among carcinoid tumors, approximately 10 percent of those in the small intestine, less than one percent of those in the appendix, and virtually none in the rectum are associated with the syndrome.
		Episodic flushing is the clinical hallmark of the carcinoid syndrome, and occurs in 85 percent of patients.
		Surgical procedures in patients with carcinoid syndrome are potentially hazardous due to the precipitation of carcinoid crisis during induction of anesthesia or surgical manipulation of tumors.
	members.tripod.com /~enotes/carcinoid.htm (8997 words)

	eMedicine - Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome : Article by Luigi Santacroce, MD
		Malignant carcinoid syndrome is not a cause of sustained hypertension, and a rise in blood pressure during flushing is rare.
		Carcinoid heart disease is reported in approximately 50-60% of all patients with malignant carcinoid syndrome and is severe in approximately 25%.
		The primary carcinoids of the bowel usually are not observed on CT scanning; otherwise, this study allows the assessment of the extent of tumor spread to the mesentery and bowel wall and metastases to the lymph nodes and liver.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic2649.htm (6199 words)

	A Review of Carcinoid Disease
		Carcinoids of the lung (bronchial carcinoid) are often associated with their own special peculiarities, diagnostic modalities and forms of treatment.
		Not all functioning carcinoid tumors produce the same large variety of chemicals and hormones and it is not yet entirely clear as to which of the substances are responsible for each of the symptoms of the Carcinoid Syndrome.
		The Carcinoid Syndrome, due to the presence of a functioning carcinoid tumor, is easily diagnosed when all the features of the syndrome are present or even when 1 or 2 of the main symptoms are present and the Carcinoid Syndrome is thought of.
	www.carcinoid.org /pcf/docs/review.html (4169 words)

	Dr. Koop - Carcinoid Syndrome- Health Encyclopedia and Reference
		Carcinoid syndrome is caused by an uncommon intestinal or lung tumor, called a carcinoid tumor, that secretes excess quantities of hormones.
		Symptoms associated with carcinoid tumors (also called argentaffinomas) include attacks of severe flushing of the skin lasting from minutes to days, watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, bronchoconstrictive attacks, and edema (swelling) of the head and neck.
		Metastatic carcinoid tumors may be diagnosed by the clinical findings and by elevated levels of 24-hour urinary 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA), a metabolic product of the serotonin produced by the tumor.
	www.drkoop.com /encyclopedia/93/504.html (574 words)

	Carcinoid Syndrome -- eCureMe.com
		Carcinoid syndrome is a group of symptoms that occur in patients who have
		Carcinoid syndrome is caused by the release of hormones from
		Treatment depends on whether or not carcinoid syndrome is present and the severity of the symptoms.
	www.ecureme.com /emyhealth/data/Carcinoid_Syndrome.asp (1411 words)

	NETumoradvisor \| Carcinoid Tumors \| Symptoms: Carcinoid Syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Carcinoid syndrome is a collection of symptoms that is present in about 8% of all patients with carcinoid tumors.
		Carcinoid syndrome usually only occurs when tumor cells spread to the liver and release serotonin directly into the circulation before they can be inactivated by normal liver cells.
		Carcinoid crisis can occur spontaneously when anesthesia is given for surgical procedures, or as a result of stress, chemotherapy, or infection.
	www.netumoradvisor.org /ct_syndrome.asp (938 words)

	Carcinoid Malignancy - Overview, Carcinoid Syndrome & Treatment - oncologychannel
		Carcinoid tumors, or carcinoids, originate in hormone-producing cells of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract (i.e., esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon), the respiratory tract (i.e., lungs, trachea, bronchi), the hepatobiliary system (i.e., pancreas, gallbladder, liver), and the reproductive glands (i.e., testes, ovaries).
		Carcinoid tumors of the appendix usually are benign and often occur between the ages of 20 and 40.
		Carcinoid tumors that are confined to the GI tract may not cause symptoms (i.e., be asymptomatic) because the hormones produced by these tumors are released into the bloodstream and destroyed by the liver.
	www.oncologychannel.com /cancermalignancy (740 words)

	Carcinoid Tumor -- eCureMe.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In a few cases of bronchial carcinoid tumors, the cancer is located in the very outer part of the lungs and may not cause any symptoms at all.
		Carcinoid tumors that develop in the appendix or rectum are usually very slow growing and rarely affect long-term survival.
		For carcinoids that develop in other parts of the intestine or stomach, the 5-year survival is 95% if it has not spread, 65% if it has only spread to the local lymph nodes, and about 20% if it has metastasized to the liver.
	www.ecureme.com /emyhealth/data/Carcinoid_Tumor.asp (2024 words)

	Carcinoid Tumors: Hormonal Disorders: Merck Manual Home Edition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Carcinoid tumors are noncancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant) growths that produce excessive amounts of hormonelike substances.
		When carcinoid tumors occur in the digestive tract or pancreas, the substances they produce are released into a blood vessel that flows directly to the liver (portal vein), where enzymes destroy them.
		Carcinoid tumors of the lungs, testes, and ovaries also cause symptoms because the substances they produce bypass the liver and circulate widely in the bloodstream.
	www.merck.com /mmhe/sec13/ch168/ch168a.html (682 words)

	Carcinoid syndrome
		Carcinoid syndrome occurs when a rare cancerous tumor called a carcinoid tumor secretes serotonin and other chemicals into your bloodstream, causing a variety of signs and symptoms.
		Carcinoid tumors occur most commonly in the gastrointestinal tract, including the stomach, small intestine, appendix, colon and rectum, or in the lungs.
		Carcinoid tumors in the intestine, on the other hand, secrete their chemicals into blood that must first pass through the liver before reaching the rest of the body.
	www.cnn.com /HEALTH/library/DS/00690.html (1602 words)

	Carcinoid Syndrome Treatment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The treatment of carcinoid syndrome requires peripheral treatments that address its various symptoms: diuretics for heart disease, bronchodilators for wheezing, as well as targeted treatments - such as somatostatin analogues — that work at the site of carcinoid tumors to inhibit hormone secretion and relieve diarrhea and flushing (1, 2, 3).
		A two-sided approach to the treatment of carcinoid tumors focuses first on treatment of the tumor, and second on treatment of the syndrome (3).
		It is effective in VIPoma/watery diarrhea syndrome for a majority of patients in whom diarrhea and hypokalemia are resistant to other modes of therapy (3).
	www.us.sandostatin.com /hcp/carcinoid/treatment/home.jsp (532 words)

	Carcinoid Syndrome
		Carcinoid Syndrome is a rare, malignant disease affecting the small bowel, stomach and/or pancreas.
		The syndrome may also be accompanied by stomach pain, blockage of arteries in the liver, heart palpitations and excessive peptide excretion in the urine.
		If the original carcinoid cells spread (metastasize) to the liver, larger than normal amounts of these peptides are released into the circulation causing the signs and symptoms of Carcinoid Syndrome to appear.
	hw.healthdialog.com /kbase/nord/nord677.htm (1439 words)

	Carcinoid syndrome and carcinoid tumor information on MedicineNet.com
		The carcinoid syndrome is a combination of symptoms caused by the hormones released by the tumors into the blood stream.
		Carcinoid syndrome typically causes scarring and stiffness of the tricuspid and pulmonic valves of the right side of the heart.
		Typical symptoms of heart failure include an enlarged liver (due to the backup of blood returning to the failing heart which is unable to pump all of the blood returning to it), swelling of the feet and ankles (edema), and swelling of the abdomen due to fluid accumulation (ascites).
	www.medicinenet.com /carcinoid_syndrome/article.htm (1041 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Carcinoid syndrome
		Carcinoid syndrome is the pattern of symptoms seen in people with carcinoid tumors.
		Carcinoid tumors secrete excessive amounts of the hormone serotonin as well as other chemicals that cause the blood vessels to dilate (open).
		The course of the illness in patients with carcinoid syndrome is different than those patients who have carcinoid tumors without the syndrome.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/000347.htm (848 words)

	Caring for Carcinoid Foundation - About Carcinoid
		As with other cancers, scientists have recognized some changes in the DNA of carcinoid tumor cells that are probably responsible for their increased growth and abnormal spread.
		PET scanning for carcinoid tumors uses a radioactive form of 5-hydroxytryptophan, a chemical that is taken up and used by carcinoid cells.
		The treatment and prognosis (the outlook for chances of survival) for a patient with a gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor depends, to a large extent, on the tumor's stage.
	www.caringforcarcinoid.org /carcinoid/aboutcarcinoid.asp (2544 words)

	Carcinoid Syndrome Glossary of Terms with Definitions on MedicineNet.com
		Carcinoid syndrome: A syndrome due to carcinoid tumor which secretes large amounts of the hormone serotonin.
		The tumor usually arises in the gastrointestinal tract, anywhere between the stomach and the rectum (the favorite spot is in the appendix) and from there may metastasize (spread) to the liver.
		Syndrome: A set of signs and symptoms that tend to occur together and which reflect the presence of a particular disease or an increased chance of developing a particular disease.
	www.medicinenet.com /carcinoid_syndrome/glossary.htm (8322 words)

	NETumoradvisor \| Carcinoid Tumors \| Symptoms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Because carcinoid tumors are generally slow-growing, they often don't produce symptoms until the tumor has spread (or "metastasized") to the liver or other organs.
		Often carcinoid tumors are found by accident, during surgery or tests (such as magnetic resonance imaging, or MRI) for other conditions.
		Carcinoids in the lung may secrete hormones that cause the symptoms of corticosteroid or growth hormone excess.
	www.netumoradvisor.com /ct_symptoms.asp (565 words)

	Carcinoid syndrome
		Carcinoid syndrome is a group of symptoms associated with carcinoid tumor (see bronchial adenoma).
		Carcinoid syndrome is the pattern of symptoms exhibited by people with carcinoid tumors.
		Normally, an amino acid called tryptophan is used by the body to manufacture niacin and certain proteins, but in carcinoid syndrome, it gets diverted to form serotonin.
	www.umm.edu /ency/article/000347.htm (377 words)

	Carcinoid Syndrome
		Carcinoid syndrome is a disease consisting of a combination of symptoms, physical manifestations, and abnormal laboratory chemical findings caused by a carcinoid tumor.
		A carcinoid tumor is a tumor that secretes large amounts of the hormone serotonin.
		Carcinoid syndrome occurs when the tumors produce excessive amounts of serotonin or other substances.
	www.webmd.com /hw/health_guide_atoz/nord677.asp (427 words)

	Sandostatin.com Global for Healthcare Professionals - Diagnosing of GEP NE Tumors
		Carcinoid tumours, the most common type of gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine (GEP NE) tumour, tend to yield vague symptoms, and are often misdiagnosed as other disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome.
		For carcinoid tumours of the cervix, for example, the average age of onset is 39 years; of the small intestine, 63 years; and of the rectum, 66 years.
		Significantly elevated levels of serotonin or its metabolites, especially increased urinary excretion of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), are observed in patients with carcinoid syndrome.
	www.sandostatin.com /treating_gep_ne_tumors/diagnosing/index.html (776 words)

	Carcinoid syndrome. DermNet NZ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Carcinoid syndrome is a group of symptoms and signs associated with carcinoid tumours.
		The main cutaneous feature of carcinoid syndrome is flushing, which occurs in 75% of cases.
		Patients with carcinoid syndrome need to undergo thorough medical and physical examinations, and appropriate blood tests and X-rays to follow the growth and activity of the carcinoid tumour(s).
	www.dermnetnz.org /systemic/carcinoid.html (593 words)

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