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Topic: Cardioversion

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Sinus rhythm

Defibrillation

Electric shock

Cardiac arrhythmia

Atrial flutter

Atrial fibrillation

Ventricular fibrillation

Holter monitor

ECG

Electrical conduction system of the heart

Ventricular tachycardia

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	Abstracts: Transesophageal Electrophysiology: Cardioversion and Defibrillation
		In the group of patients where transthoracic cardioversion at a voltage of 7 kV proved ineffective, the sinus rhythm was restored in 76.5% of cases with atrial fibrillation and 84.2% of cases with irregular atrial flutter when one of the electrodes was introduced into the esophagus.
		Cardioversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm is associated with a small but significant risk of thromboembolic events (average incidence, 1.5%; range, 0% to 7%).
		Cardioversion was deferred in six of eight patients with thrombus, and anticoagulation therapy was initiated.
	www.cardiocommand.com /abstr_cardioversion.html (16642 words)

	Cardioversion
		Most elective or "non-emergency" cardioversions are performed to treat atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter, benign heart rhythm disturbances originating in the upper chambers (atria) of the heart.
		Cardioversion is used in emergency situations to correct a rapid abnormal rhythm associated with faintness, low blood pressure, chest pain, difficulty breathing, or loss of consciousness.
		Electrical cardioversion (also known as "direct-current" or DC cardioversion) is a procedure whereby a synchronized (perfectly timed) electrical shock is delivered through the chest wall to the heart through special electrodes or paddles that are applied to the skin of the chest and back [Figure 2].
	www.hrspatients.org /patients/treatments/cardioversion.asp (1369 words)

	Electrical cardioversion (defibrillation) for a fast heart rate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Electrical cardioversion is a procedure in which a brief electric shock is given to the heart to reset the heart rhythm back to its normal, regular pattern (normal sinus rhythm, or NSR).
		Cardioversion is often used as an emergency procedure to correct a fast heart rhythm that is causing low blood pressure, chest pain, or heart failure.
		The electric shock given during cardioversion is thousands of times stronger than the electric current generated by a pacemaker and can cause the muscles in the body to contract violently.
	www.luhs.org /health/kbase/htm/ps14/91/ps1491.htm (516 words)

	Cardioversion
		Cardioversion refers to the process of restoring the heart's normal rhythm by applying a controlled electric shock to the exterior of the chest.
		Cardioversion is used to stop this abnormal beating so that the heart can begin normal rhythm and pump more efficiently.
		Most cardioversions are successful and, at least for a time, restore the normal heart rhythm.
	www.lifesteps.com /gm/Atoz/ency/cardioversion_pr.jsp (550 words)

	What you should know about Cardioversion
		Cardioversion refers to the restoration of the heart to a normal rhythm from an abnormal rhythm.
		Electrical cardioversion (also known as “direct-current” or DC cardioversion) is a procedure whereby a synchronized electrical current (shock) is delivered through the chest wall to the heart through special electrodes or paddles that are applied to the skin of the chest and back (see Figure).
		The purpose of the cardioversion is to interrupt the abnormal electrical circuit(s) in the heart and to restore a normal heart beat.
	www.brighamandwomens.org /cvcenter/Patient/cardioversion.aspx (1211 words)

	Drugs for Conversion of Atrial Fibrillation - August 1998 - American Academy of Family Physicians
		Cardioversion should be performed as near the onset of atrial fibrillation as possible, since sustained arrhythmia increasingly resists restoration of normal sinus rhythm.
		Thus, cardioversion is used only in cases of acute and chronic persistent atrial fibrillation and not in cases previously demonstrated to be refractory.
		In patients with persistent atrial fibrillation, cardioversion should be considered as soon as possible (i.e., within 48 hours for an acute episode or within three to four weeks if the patient requires initial anticoagulation), since evidence indicates that the duration of arrhythmia is related to the likelihood of recurrence.
	www.aafp.org /afp/980800ap/dello.html (4406 words)

	Cardioversion - Page 2
		The goal of cardioversion is to convert an abnormal cardiac rhythm to a normal one through the use of electrical shocks to the chest wall.
		Cardioversion is a general term, although it is usually used to refer to the procedure as it is performed in prescheduled, nonemergency situations.
		Defibrillation is a specific type of cardioversion that is usually performed in emergency situations to correct life-threatening arrhythmias (e.g., ventricular fibrillation) and to re-establish a heartbeat.
	heart.healthcentersonline.com /arrhythmiatreatment/cardioversion2.cfm (518 words)

	Cardioversion
		The difference between defibrillation and cardioversion is that the countershock is synchronized to the QRS complex which allows the electric current to be delivered after the R wave and before the the period associated with the T wave.
		Cardioversion may either be a planned or emergent procedure.
		generally the care for a patient tells cardioversion is the same as for the fibrillation.
	rnbob.tripod.com /cardiov.htm (617 words)

	Cardioversion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Electrical cardioversion is used to treat heart problems such as atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter.
		However, the speed used to initiate a cardioversion procedure may be nearly as quick as a defibrillation (as in the case of an unstable patient with atrial fibrillation), or slower, if the patient is stable and asymptomatic but has a potentially life-threatening dysrhythmia.
		Drugs like amiodarone, cardizem, and metoprolol are frequently given before cardioversion to decrease the heart rate, stabalize the patient and increase the chance that cardioversion is successful.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cardioversion (375 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Prediction of sinus rhythm maintenance following DC-cardioversion of persistent atrial ...
		Since both electrophysiological and morphological factors may influence the outcome of cardioversion, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether an index of atrial refractoriness during AF, a probable marker of the degree of fibrillation-induced remodeling, alone or in combination with anatomical atrial parameters could predict outcome of elective DC-cardioversion of persistent AF.
		Cardioversion restored sinus rhythm in 32 of the 37 patients in the study, but at 6 weeks only 10 patients remained in sinus rhythm (Figure 2).
		Successful cardioversion is dependent upon cardioversion technique and transthoracic impedance, which is influenced by body size, obesity and the presence of pulmonary disease[36].
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2261/6/11 (4529 words)

	Should I try cardioversion for atrial fibrillation? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Cardioversion for atrial fibrillation can return your heart rate to a normal sinus rhythm.
		Cardioversion is less successful if you have had multiple recurrences of atrial fibrillation or if you have long-standing heart disease.
		If cardioversion was successful the first time but you reverted to atrial fibrillation after some time, you may want to try it again.
	www.luhs.org /health/kbase/htm/aa50/578/aa50578.htm (1050 words)

	Cardioversion Information on Healthline
		Cardioversion is used to stop this abnormal beating so that the heart can begin its normal rhythm and pump more efficiently.
		Cardioversion is used to treat many types of fast and/or irregular heart rhythms.
		Most often, cardioversion is used to treat atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter.
	www.healthline.com /galecontent/cardioversion-1 (728 words)

	UpToDate Patient information: Cardioversion
		During cardioversion, an electrical shock is delivered to the heart to restore its rhythm to a normal pattern.
		Cardioversion can change the settings of the ICD or pacemaker, or may damage the ICD or pacemaker, the leads, or the heart's tissue.
		Cardioversion can dislodge blood clots from the heart, which can travel to the lungs or elsewhere throughout the body; this complication is more likely to occur in patients with atrial fibrillation who have not been anticoagulated prior to cardioversion.
	patients.uptodate.com /topic.asp?file=hrt_dis/5982 (2186 words)

	Electrical cardioversion for atrial fibrillation
		Electrical cardioversion is a procedure in which an electric current is used to reset the heart's rhythm back to its regular pattern (normal sinus rhythm).
		Cardioversion is used as an emergency procedure when symptoms of very low blood pressure, chest pain, or heart failure caused by rapid, irregular atrial fibrillation are present.
		Cardioversion also is used in nonemergency situations to correct atrial fibrillation when medications have not been effective.
	www.webmd.com /hw/heart_disease/hw160011.asp (746 words)

	eMedicine - Synchronized Electrical Cardioversion : Article by Vijai V Chauhan, MD
		Cardioversion refers to an electrical energy discharge that is synchronized with the large R or S wave of the QRS complex.
		Synchronized electrical cardioversion may be used to treat stable VT that does not respond to a trial of intravenous medications.
		Internal cardioversion for atrial fibrillation is used in patients who are resistant to external cardioversion or inadvertently induced during an electrophysiologic study.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic2968.htm (2112 words)

	Preparing for Electrical Cardioversion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Between 75 and 93% of people who have atrial fibrillation and who undergo cardioversion are successfully returned to a normal heart rhythm.
		A person who is going to have cardioversion is usually given an antiarrhythmic drug 24 to 48 hours before the procedure.
		Cardioversion can damage the device that generates the electrical pulse, the leads that come from the device or the tissue of the heart itself.
	www.csmc.edu /pf_9817.html (352 words)

	Cardioversion - WI, Milwaukee WI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Cardioversion can be done as an elective (scheduled) procedure, or may be done urgently if a dysrhythmia is immediately life threatening.
		If you have urgent cardioversion, you may still be unaware of the pain involved, or you may feel a jolt that some people liken to a kick in the chest.
		People who need emergency cardioversion may be admitted to the hospital for further observation, or because of the illness that caused the event.
	www.columbia-stmarys.org /1461.cfm (832 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Cardioversion
		Cardioversion is used in persons who have heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias), which can cause the heart to beat too fast.
		An external cardioversion is often done during an emergency situation.
		As with electrical cardioversion, blood thinning medicines may be given to prevent blood clots from moving to the heart.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/007110.htm (668 words)

	CARDIOVERSION
		* All cardioversion being elective are to be attended in ICU or CCU.
		In elective cardioversion the delivery of a synchronised external electrical impulse via the chest wall in order to revert an arrhythmia to sinus rhythm.
		The current is delivered at a pre-determined point in the cardiac cycle (the peak of the R wave) so as to avoid discharging during the relative refractory stage of the cycle (the end of the T wave), as this may result in the development of ventricular fibrillation.
	www.medicineau.net.au /clinical/ICU/procedures/cardiovn.html (582 words)

	Heart1.com - Cardioversion
		Cardioversion is a treatment for arrhythmias (particularly ventricular tachycardia) and atrial fibrillation.
		External cardioversion is similar to defibrillation, and in fact involves a defibrillator.
		During chemical cardioversion, medicines are administered to the patient in a controlled, hospital setting.
	www.heart1.com /care/procedure20.cfm/3 (237 words)

	Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal - Alt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		For internal cardioversion of atrial fibrillation an electrode position with the distal tip in the left pulmonary artery is currently used preferably (fig 1).
		This lead position furthermore facilitates the internal cardioversion procedure, because the positioning of the single lead balloon tipped cardioversion catheter in the right pulmonary artery is comparable to the positioning of a regular Swan-Ganz catheter.
		Though the design of the cardioversion catheter is similar to a regular Swan-Ganz balloon catheter, the cardioversion catheter offers the additional facilities of cardioversion, cardiac pacing and, in the newest generation of these electrode systems even haemodynamic measurements by means of thermodilution.
	www.ipej.org /0202/alt.htm (1673 words)

	Cardioversion -- Shea and Maisel 106 (22): e176 -- Circulation
		Cardioversion -- Shea and Maisel 106 (22): e176 -- Circulation
		Electrical cardioversion (also known as direct-current or DC cardioversion) is a procedure whereby a synchronized electrical
		of the cardioversion is to interrupt the abnormal electrical
	circ.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/106/22/e176 (993 words)

	Cardioversion Guided by Transesophageal Echocardiography: The ACUTE Pilot Study: A Randomized, Controlled Trial -- ...
		to cardioversion are emerging [16, 18, 51, 52].
		Cardioversion from atrial fibrillation without prolonged anticoagulation with use of transesophageal echocardiography to exclude the presence of atrial thrombi.
		Transoesophageal echocardiography-guided cardioversion of atrial fibrillation or flutter.
	www.annals.org /cgi/content/full/126/3/200 (5855 words)

	Information on atrial fibrillation (abnormality in the heart rhythm) produced by medical doctors
		Electrical cardioversion is a procedure used by doctors to convert an abnormal heart rhythm (such as AF) to a normal rhythm (sinus rhythm).
		Although electrical cardioversion can be used to treat almost any abnormal fast heartbeat (such as atrial flutter and ventricular tachycardia), it is used most frequently to convert AF to a normal rhythm.
		While electrical cardioversion is effective in converting AF to a normal heart rhythm, the normal rhythm may not continue for long.
	www.medicinenet.com /atrial_fibrillation/page6.htm (1463 words)

	Healthline - Search Results For cardioversion
		Cardioversion refers to the process of restoring the heart ' s normal rhythm by applying a controlled electric shock to the exterior of the chest.
		Internal cardioversion may be used in people whose heartbeat did not return to normal after external cardioversion.
		This procedure involves delivery of a direct-current electrical shock to the heart that is set to be synchronized or coordinated with the natural electrical activity of the ventricle, or the bottom chamber of the heart.
	www.healthline.com /search?q1=cardioversion (511 words)

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