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	Science Fair Projects - Carl von Linde
		Carl Paul Gottfried von Linde (born 11 June 1842 in Berndorf (Oberfranken); died 16 November 1934 in Munich) was a German engineer who developed the basics of modern refrigeration technology.
		Linde was a member of scientific and engineering associations, including being on the board of trustees of the German National Metrology Institute and the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
		Linde's invention made it possible for physicists to study cryogenics and separate the elements of liquid air by fractional distillation.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Carl_von_Linde (871 words)

	Carl von Linde - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Linde was a member of scientific and engineering associations, including being on the board of trustees of the German National Metrology Institute and the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
		Linde's method was based on the works of James Prescott Joule and Lord Kelvin, and the introduction of the countercurrent technique.
		Linde's invention made it possible for physicists to study cryogenics and separate the elements of liquid air by fractional distillation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Carl_von_Linde (738 words)

	Company - \| Abelló Linde s.a.
		In this decade, Abelló Linde's activities expanded once again, and, from that time on, the profile of the company was once again raised, both in terms of geographical position and its participation in other companies.
		Carl von Linde invented the method for separating air into its components in 1902.
		The acquisition by Linde of the Swedish gases company AGA has contributed towards increasing the number of customers for Abelló Linde, S.A. In addition, it has brought a new distribution in Spain, which has come to be divided into four regions: Northeast, East, Central and South.
	www.abellolinde.es /International/Web/LG/ES/likelgeseng.nsf/DocByAlias/nav_empresa (577 words)

	Carl von Linde -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Linde was a member of scientific and engineering associations, including being on the board of trustees of the (Click link for more info and facts about German National Metrology Institute) German National Metrology Institute and the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
		Linde's method was based on the works of (English physicist who established the mechanical theory of heat and discovered the first law of thermodynamics (1818-1889)) James Prescott Joule and Lord Kelvin, and the introduction of the countercurrent technique.
		Linde's invention made it possible for physicists to study (The branch of physics that studies the phenomena that occur at very low temperatures) cryogenics and separate the elements of (Air in a liquid state) liquid air by fractional (The process of purifying a liquid by boiling it and condensing its vapors) distillation.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/ca/carl_von_linde.htm (809 words)

	Geschichte und Kultur
		Carl von Linde (1842 - 1934) is appointed as associate professor to the "Institute for Theoretical Machine Research".
		Linde was the first to introduce the theory of cooling machines and cooling technology in the teaching schedule.
		Carl von Linde is released from his teaching duties on his own request to lead the directory of "Linde`s Eismaschinen" in Wiesbaden.
	www.td.mw.tum.de /tum-td/en/geschichte (963 words)

	Carl von Linde Summary
		Von Linde was a member of scientific and engineering associations, including being on the board of trustees of the German National Metrology Institute and the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
		In 1868 von Linde heard about the opening of a new university in Munich (the Technische Hochschule) and immediately applied for a job as a lecturer; when he was accepted for the position he was only 26 years old.
		Carl von Linde died in Munich in November 1934 at the age of 92.
	www.bookrags.com /Carl_von_Linde (1125 words)

	Inventor Carl von Linde Biography
		Carl von Linde, German engineer whose invention of a continuous process of liquefying gases in large quantities formed a basis for the modern technology of refrigeration.
		When Carl von Linde was born on June 11, 1842 in the Lutheran parsonage of Berndorf in the Oberfranken district of Bavaria, he was never expected to forge a career as a distinguished scientist, gifted inventor and successful entrepreneur.
		Carl von Linde died in 1934 at the age of 92.
	www.ideafinder.com /history/inventors/linde.htm (1927 words)

	Carl von Linde
		It was the achievement of Carl von Linde (1842–1934) in 1902 to take oxygen from the air itself—and he was soon extracting it in quantities approaching one thousand cubic feet per hour.
		Linde, the son of a Lutheran minister, was educated in science and engineering at the Federal Polytechnic in Zurich, Switzerland.
		After a decade Linde withdrew from managerial activities to refocus on research, and in 1895 he succeeded in liquefying air by first compressing it and then letting it expand rapidly, thereby cooling it.
	www.chemheritage.org /classroom/chemach/gases/linde.html (374 words)

	Linde Personalities - Corporate Heritage > Linde Group > Personalities \| Linde AG
		Carl von Linde at the age of 83 (1925).
		Despite the tight financial situation in the parson’s large household, von Linde was able to convince his father to allow him to study mechanical engineering at the leading technical university of the time, the Polytechnikum in Zurich, Switzerland.
		Although von Linde withdrew more and more from his active working life starting in 1910, he held on to some of his supervisory and advisory activities until the end of his life.
	www.linde.de /International/Web/Linde/like35lindecom.nsf/docbyalias/page_ch_personalities_carlvonlinde (994 words)

	Geschichte
		From 1941 onwards he was leading physicist and scientific expert on the management board of Carl Zeiss in Jena, remaining in contact with the academic world by holding an honorary professorship in Jena.
		Von Linde insisted that the laboratory is headed by a young physicist, who would understand the technological needs of the laboratory and also guarantees excellent education of engineering students in physics and technology.
		Among those is also Klaus von Klitzing (*1943), who was professor at the department from 1980 shortly after his discovery of the Quantum Hall Effect, until 1984, when he took up a directorship at Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung in Stuttgart.
	www.physik.tu-muenchen.de /einrichtungen/department/history?lang=en (3326 words)

	Linde Hydraulics, UK
		Linde forms a joint venture partnership with the second largest Chinese forklift truck manufacturer in Xiamen.
		Linde presents the company's new exhibition stand and new show concept directly on the main thoroughfare of Expo-Allee under the spectacular Expo Roof at the Hannover CeMAT Exhibition in Germany.
		Linde produces the 100,000th forklift truck of the 351 Series Diesel and LP Gas engine counterbalanced forklift trucks.
	www.lindehydraulics.co.uk /history/index.asp (549 words)

	CARL VON LINDE FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Great_Depression of 1929 was a hard blow to ''Linde AG'', but the company rallied and Linde saw profits start to rise before his death in 1934 at the age of 92.
		Linde's method was based on the works of James_Prescott_Joule and Lord Kelvin, and the introduction of the countercurrent technique.
		Linde's invention made it possible for physicists to study cryogenics and separate the elements of liquid_air by fractional distillation.
	www.witwib.com /Carl_von_Linde (704 words)

	History - \| Linde Hydraulics Corporation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Carl von Linde dies at the age of 92.
		Linde reaches a milestone with the delivery of the 200,000th forklift truck with hydrostatic transmission in February.
		Linde presents a highly innovative example of using fuel cells as a source of driving power in a forklift truck – the first in the world.
	www.lindeamerica.com /International/Web/LH/US/likelhus.nsf/DocByAlias/nav_hist (760 words)

	Encyclopedia: Carl von Linde (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Refrigeration (from the Latin frigus, frost) is generally the cooling of a body by the transfer of a portion of its heat away from it.
		Linde AG is a manufacturer of refrigeration technology and other chemical products headquartered in Wiesbaden, Germany.
		A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a government to a person for a fixed period of time in exchange for the regulated, public disclosure of certain details of an invention.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Carl-von-Linde (1335 words)

	Carl von Linde - Tag der Erfinder - www.tag-der-erfinder.de
		Nach seinem Studium 1864 trat Linde eine Lehrstelle in der Baumwollfabrik Kottern in Berlin an.
		In den Jahren 1892 bis 1910 nahm er seine Professur wieder auf.
		Auf der Grundlage der Arbeiten von James Prescott Joule, Sir William Thomson (Lord Kelvin of Largs) und der Einführung des Gegenstromverfahrens konnte Linde 1895 erstmals größere Mengen Luft verflüssigen (Linde-Verfahren).
	www.inventors-day.com /de/Carl-von-Linde.php (594 words)

	Linde¡ª¡ªa long history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The patents granted to Carl von Linde for the processes of air separation and rectification date back to 1895.The development of gas systems for a plethora of applications and uses has blessed Linde with the experience necessary to respond to almost any requirement from the customer.
		Worldwide, Linde has been working along side industry to develop new gas mixtures in response to customer requirements and changes answer environment.
		Linde has taken these requirements in its stride and has developed and installed systems at customer premises to meet and even surpass these quality requirements.
	www.jimei.gov.cn /qyxc/ld/6.htm (283 words)

	Industrial Gases - Products \| Linde Industrial Gases
		The cryogenic method for accomplishing this was developed by Carl von Linde more than 100 years ago.
		One of the most famous Linde gas mixtures is Corgon®, a welding shielding-gas based on Argon and CO Compared to the traditional CO, MIG-welding with Corgon® achieves much higher welding performance without sputter.
		Linde Carbon dioxide is generated in the chemical industry and purified to the quality required for the food-processing sector.
	www.linde-gas.com.my /international/web/lg/my/likelgmy.nsf/docbyalias/prod_ig (940 words)

	Deutsches Museum - Physics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Carl von Linde produced large amounts of liquid air for the first time in 1895 using the Thomson-Joule effect.
		The cooled air is used to precool incoming compressed air, etc. The refrigeration increases until the air liquefies.
		The version of Linde's machine from 1906 on display here includes improvements designed to boost the machine's efficiency: The air is compressed in two stages (right), with a low-pressure compressor that compresses incoming air to 20 bar, and a high-pressure compressor that raises the pressure to up to 200 bar.
	www.deutsches-museum.de /ausstell/dauer/physik/e_luft.htm (272 words)

	Linde Material Handling NA
		Linde acquired Fenwick Manutention, a major producer of lift trucks in France.
		The grand opening of the new 225,000 square foot lift truck plant and offices in Summerville, SC is held in May. Linde-Baker introduces 15 turret truck models for high lift narrow aisle applications.
		Linde Lift truck Corporation introduces the ECR and ETR series center-ride pallet trucks and tuggers complementing the highly successful EW/EWR models Also introduced are the all new E18C and E20P as well as the E25-30P electric counterbalanced trucks.
	www.lindelifttruck.com /history.htm (942 words)

	Carl von Linde-Akademie - Brücke zwischen Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft - News & Infoservices \| Linde Gas Deutschland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Carl von Linde-Akademie - Brücke zwischen Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft - News and Infoservices
		Die Carl von Linde-Akademie soll deshalb bei der zunehmenden Spezialisierung in den Ingenieur- und Naturwissenschaften durch hoch qualifizierte ergaenzende Lehrangebote sowohl das Verantwortungsbewusstsein der Studierenden staerken als auch unternehmerisches Denken foerdern.
		Wolfgang Reitzle, Vorsitzender des Vorstands der Linde AG, hob hervor, dass der Wissensaustausch zwischen Wirtschaft und Wissenschaft in Deutschland weiter intensiviert werden muesse, damit Unternehmensausgruendungen aus dem akademischen Bereich noch selbstverstaendlicher werden als bisher.
	www.linde-gas.de /international/web/lg/de/likelgde30.nsf/docbyalias/news_carl_von_linde_akademie (499 words)

	Technische Universität München - Portrait (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Carl Max von Bauernfeind, Director of the Royal Polytechnic School of Munich in the inaugural lecture on December 19, 1868
		In Germany, the prerequisites for the provision of academic engineering training in non-university educational establishments were created in the early 19th century, along with the establishment of technological progress on the basis of precise scientific observation.
		Thanks to the efforts of engineers and scientists such as Georg von Reichenbach, Joseph von Fraunhofer and Josef von Utzschneider, this resulted in 1833 in the establishment of a college of technology.
	www.tu-muenchen.de /campus/about/portrait_en.tuml (2697 words)

	Industrial Gases - Products \| Linde Gas Pty Ltd (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The cryogenic method for accomplishing this was developed by Carl von Linde more than 100 years ago.
		Using the same principles of separation, the argon with minor fractions of enriched oxygen is withdrawn from the crude argon column.
		Hydrogen produced by the Linde Hydrogen plant is added in a "deoxo" unit.
	www.lindegas.com.au /International/Web/LG/AU/likelgau.nsf/DocByAlias/prod_ig (777 words)

	Von_Dyck (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In 1903 Miller enlisted the help of von Dyck and of Carl von Linde who had been appointed extraordinary professor of machine design at the Munich Polytechnikum in the same year as von Dyck was appointed.
		Not only was von Dyck one of the three to establish and develop the museum in its early stages, but he was also appointed as the second Director of the Museum in 1906.
		Another important project which von Dyck undertook was one to publish the complete works of Kepler, including all Kepler's letters.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Mathematicians/Von_Dyck.html (729 words)

	Carl von Clausewitz -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Clausewitz was a major writer on military strategy and a theorist whose ideas have had a wide influence on the conduct of war in the 19th and 20th centuries.
		German journalist and pacifist Carl von Ossietzky unmasked the secret rearmament preparations of Germany under the Weimar Republic (1919–33) and was a vocal and persistent critic of the Nazi party.
		Carl Linnaeus brought order to the study of biology when he created the classification system still in use today.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9024254 (714 words)

	Industrial Gases - Products \| Linde Gas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		It is a cryogenic method developed by Carl von Linde more than 100 years ago.
		The air constitutes of 78 percent nitrogen, and 21 percent is oxygen, - one of the most common elements on earth, 85 percent of the oceans and 60 percent of the human body is oxygen.
		Linde is for the moment building a helium liquefaction plant in Skikda on the east coast of Algeria, which will go on stream in 2005.
	www.lindegas.com /international/web/lg/com/likelgcom221test.nsf/docbyalias/prod_ig (553 words)

	Covering all bases
		From those humble beginnings to global player: Von Linde’s breakthrough invention was the stepping stone for the Linde Gas success story over the past century.
		Linz is one of numerous Linde Gas production facilities in Austria, and it mainly produces nitrogen, oxygen, and rare gases such as argon, krypton, and xenon.
		Linde Gas uses a four-stage GT040 (with feedgas and subsequently installed booster turbines) as a recycle compressor for nitrogen.
	www.atlascopco.fr /frfr/news/applicationstories/covering_all_bases.asp (516 words)

	Rudolf Diesel Summary
		He studied thermodynamics under Carl von Linde and resolved--given the opportunity--to design a heat engine with a thermodynamic cycle approximating to the ideal described by Sadi Carnot in 1824.
		While an employee of the Linde firm, Diesel became fascinated with the theoretical work of the French physicist Nicholas Carnot (1796-1832), which presented the principles of the modern internal combustion engine.
		He became a protegé of Carl von Linde, the pioneer of refrigeration.
	www.bookrags.com /Rudolf_Diesel (2985 words)

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