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Topic: Carlos Marighella

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Carlos Marighella was born in 1911 in the state of Bahia in eastern Brazil.
		Marighella disagreed with other Party leaders on the tactics to adopt and was eventually thrown out of the Party in 1967 when he traveled against orders to Havana to attend a conference on Latin American solidarity.
		Marighella was convinced of the need for armed struggle to unite the revolutionary forces and organized the ALN in February 1968.
	www.islandhosting.com /~ltmurnau/text/twbios.htm (937 words)

	Savages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Four years after the coup, a guerrilla movement was established under the leadership of Carlos Marighella of the A.L.N (Acao Libertadora Nacional).
		His guard, Carlos Esquerdo, is no brutal slug, but a philosopher more talented to write poetry, recite quotes by Fanon or Camus, or play chess.
		While Carlos focuses on the plight of the 90 million Brazilian workers and landless farmers, West's mind is occupied with the extinction of the native Indians.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Savages (489 words)

	Carlos Marighella: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Carlos Marighella (5 December, 1911 - 4 November, 1969) was a Brazil The largest Latin American country and the largest Portuguese speaking country in the world; located in the central and northeastern part of South America; world's leading coffee exporter
		Marighella's most famous contribution to guerilla literature was the Minimanual Of The Urban Guerilla, consisting of advice on how to disrupt and overthrow authority with an aim to revolution.
		Marighella was born in Salvador A republic on the Pacific coast of Central America
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /c/carlos_marighella (244 words)

	[Cinderella Bloggerfeller] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		It was around this idea that Carlos Marighella, then in his fifties, constructed his Minimanual of the Urban Guerilla in June 1969, 40 clandestinely published pages, impounded by every police force in the world but adopted by the original militants of ETA, the IRA and the German Baader-Meinhof.
		Marighella's basic idea was that by committing acts of terrorism the urban guerrillas would force the government to introduce police and military crackdowns.
		Marighella further confuses things by referring to the guerrillas' opponents as the gorillas, suggesting either that the Brazilian government in the late 60s was run by large, shy African primates with bourgeois reactionary tendencies or that Carlos had a thing about novelty telegrams or he didn't think Damon Albarn's cartoon pop group were much cop.
	cinderellabloggerfeller.blogspot.com /2002_11_03_cinderellabloggerfeller_archive.html (5513 words)

	One Hand Clapping » 2005 » April » 29 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		All these failures lie squarely at the feet of Carlos Marighella himself, who fell victim to his own romantic notions of “freedom fighting.” The crackdown by the Uruguayan government and its increasing repression was not only anticipated by Marighella, it was actually an intermediate objective of the his urban guerrilla concept.
		Marighella wrote that the insurgents use their violence in order to identify with popular causes, which wins them a base of support among the people.
		The second basic error in Marighella’s theory is that increasing government countermeasures inevitably become so repressive of the ordinary people that the masses are driven thereby into embracing the revolutionary cause.
	www.donaldsensing.com /index.php/2005/04/29 (1368 words)

	Latin American Review
		After the release of 15 revolutionaries in exchange for the Ambassador, the demise of the guerrillas began as the military arrested nearly 2000 guerrillas and assassinated the guerrilla leader Carlos Marighella.
		The chapter concludes with a detailed timeline and excerpts from writings by Carlos Marighella that detail the structure, characteristics, and principles of the Brazilian guerrilla organization.
		The chapter also includes the "Minimanual of the Urban Guerrilla" by Carlos Marighella that was written in 1969 and used as a training manual for the ALN and other guerrilla groups operating in Brazil during the movement.
	www.faoa.org /journal/BR_urban_guer.html (2650 words)

	Baader-Meinhof: Manual of the Urban Guerrilla
		Carlos Marighella's book was certainly the most influential book read by West German terrorists in the early seventies; it was (for all intents and purposes) the official operations manual for the Baader-Meinhof Gang.
		Published in Germany in May 1970, the manual offered practical advice for starting an Urban Guerrilla unit, from one of South America's revolutionary heroes: the martyr Carlos Marighella.
		Marighella had been ambushed and killed by Brazilian police the previous year.
	www.baader-meinhof.com /students/resources/print/manual.html (202 words)

	// Communist Heroes of South America
		Carlos befriended Palestinian students and after he was expelled from the university for joining Arab student protests, he went to Jordan to train in the camps for the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine.
		He adopted his guerrilla name Carlos while a member of the Popular Front and became famous as an international terrorist after kidnapping the OPEC representatives in Vienna.
		He was later expelled from the Popular Front and began work as a terrorist subcontractor based in Eastern Europe and the Mideast.
	www.jimfinn.org /redstatecraft/communist_heroes.htm (1102 words)

	The Terrorist International and Western Europe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Carlos Marighella, perhaps the most influential revolutionary writer on urban guerilla warfare, saw guerilla activity as indispensable to the revolutionary.
		Although the URA is Japanese in origin, it operates in Western Europe in alliance with the Palestinian, Carlos, and Baader-Meinhof groups It has also had extensive contacts with non-European terrorists: The Tupamaros of Uruguay, the Cubans, and the American Black Panthers 21 4.
		Identified by an informant in Paris Illich--or Carlos, as he was now known--shot the informant and two French policemen on the night of June 27, 1975, and escaped.
	new.heritage.org /Research/Europe/bg47.cfm (5371 words)

	¡LA VERDAD! \| Lula And The PT Assume Power
		The CP was headed by Luis Carlos Prestes and organized several uprisings under the banner of the National Liberation Alliance.
		The most prominent leader of the CP during this time was Carlos Marighella.
		Marighella convinced several factions of the CP to join the call for urban guerrilla warfare, and several student led organizations followed Marighella’s example.
	uniondelbarrio.org /lvp/newspapers/02/mar01feb03/pg04.html (3053 words)

	Re: To the point -- Che Guevara Discussion Area (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Marighella's primary enemy was the police, unlike Che's target, the
		>Marighella applied >the foco theory to the cities, proposing that through >terrorism and >armed propaganda, government activity can be >disrupted.
		>Marighella's primary enemy was the police, unlike >Che's target, the >regular army.
	www.voy.com /493/10168.html (634 words)

	Brazil - Brasil - BRAZZIL - Why Is the Left Crying Against Kidnappings Now? - Brazilian Politics - February 2002
		A member of the PCB (Partido Comunista Brasileiro—Brazilian Communist Party) he opted for the armed struggle joining the ALN (Aliança Libertadora Nacional—National Liberating Alliance), Carlos Marighella's (1911-1969) terrorist group for whom he worked as a driver.
		Marighella, if nobody can remember, is the author of Manual do Gerrilheiro Urbano (Urban Guerrilla's Manual) translated into several languages in Europe and the Italian Red Brigades and German Baader-Meinhoff's pillow book.
		Dear friend of Fidel Castro, after a visit to Cuba last year, the dictator went to say goodbye at the airport and accompanied him to the airplane for the farewell as homage to his revolutionary past.
	www.brazil-brasil.com /p22feb02.htm (1218 words)

	Amazon.com: Marighella's Revenge in Iraq : An article from: The New American [HTML]: e-Books & Docs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In his Mini-Manual for Urban Guerrillas, Brazilian Marxist Carlos Marighella prescribed a strategic formula for insurgents seeking to seize total power.
		Marighella's manual has been a standard text for terrorists since the 1966 Tricontinental Conference in Havana, Cuba.
		This digital document is an article from The New American, most recently published by The New American on January 12, 2004.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/B000BG2HG8?v=glance (347 words)

	Page 33 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In 1968, starting from Carlos Marighella's ideas, that he thought about the force of the weapons, if it intensified the attempt of the rural and urban guerrilla's implantation in Brazil.
		· 25/01/68 - The traitor and deserter Carlos Lamarca steals of the 4th.
		· 10/05/70 - Carlos Lamarca and his group kill to his blows prisoner lieutenant Alberto Mendes Júnior that he had surrendered to him so that yours commanded, wounded in confrontation with the group of Lamarca, they could receive medical service.
	pages.zdnet.com /caxias/page33.htm (1924 words)

	Prettying the Farc
		The arrest of Luiz Fernando “Beira-Mar”da Costa in an encampment of Colombian guerrillas, with proof of exchange of drugs for guns, was maybe the most fearsome thing that has happened to the national Left since the death of Carlos Lamarca and Carlos Marighella (the two most famous left-wing Brazilian terrorists).
		Beira-Mar is a living file of the dangerous liaisons between bandits and the revolution, and because of that some journalists — always so anxious to search in the attics and basements for things to destroy the career of right-wing politicians — are so circumspect and evasive regarding the drug dealer.
		If he knew anything capable of incriminating Antonio Carlos Magalhães, Paulo Maluf, or any other top right wing politician, the reporters would be on top of him day and night.
	www.olavodecarvalho.org /traducoes/prettying.htm (594 words)

	Irish Migration Studies in Latin America > Bibliography > Brazil
		Lauth, Aloisius Carlos, A Colônia Príncipe Dom Pedro: um caso de política no Brasil Império (Brusque, 1987).
		Marighella, Carlos, The Minimanual of the Urban Guerrilla (São Paulo, 1969.
		His most famous works are "The Minimanual of the Urban Guerrilla" and "For the liberation of Brazil." The Minimanual of the Urban Guerrilla has been translated into several different languages and has been a classical handbook for terrorist movements all over the world.
	www.irlandeses.org /bibliobra.htm (1084 words)

	TFF Jonathan Power Columns (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		But, ironically, although they claimed that political murder "shakes the whole system to its foundations", when they finally succeeded in killing Czar Alexander 11 in 1881 nothing happened.
		Carlos Marighella, a Brazilian revolutionary, killed in a police ambush in 1969, was one of the then new breed of hard above board urban guerrillas whose ideas have influenced groups as diverse as Germany's Baader Meinhof gang and Spain's ETA.
		In his "Mini-Manual of the Urban Guerrilla", he spelt out uncompromisingly what his strategy was: "Terrorism is an arm the revolutionary can never relinquish.
	www.transnational.org /forum/power/2001/09.04_NoCounterTerror.html (912 words)

	The Fourth Rail: An Empty Insurgency
		While the Iraqi insurgency has shown an aptitude for dispensing violence, the question remains as to what exactly the insurgents and al Qaeda have to offer as an alternative political plan.
		Donald Sensing weighs in with an insightful post (which must be read in full), comparing the Iraqi insurgency and the strategy advocated by Carlos Marighella in the Minimanual of the Urban Guerrilla.
		Marighella believed that abject violence would lead to brutal repression by state security forces, and drive the people to support the insurgency.
	billroggio.com /archives/2005/04/an_empty_insurg_1.php (6164 words)

	The Action Is in the Reaction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Bin Laden’s remarks are extremely revealing; they are a textbook restatement of the Marxist-Leninist doctrine spouted by terrorists worldwide for the past several decades.
		It is the people who lose, as they are entrapped between the violence of terrorists (pressure from below) and the expanded powers of government (pressure from above).
		Uruguay’s Communist Tupamaros were the first terrorist group to put Marighella’s formula to work, with amazing success.
	www.jbs.org /artman/publish/printer_149.shtml (2599 words)

	Ireland's OWN: History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Carlos Marighella, a leader of guerrilla freedom fighters in Brazil in the late 1960s, listed in his training guide the Seven Deadly Sins of Urban Guerrilla Warfare:
		The fight must go on until the objectives are achieved.
		Marighella C. Mini-Manual of the Urban Guerrilla Copyleft: Marighella Internet Archive (marxists.org) 2002.
	www.irelandsown.net /guerrilla.html (5071 words)

	MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base
		Click on one of the following to learn more about each group and to access their group profiles.
		Biography: Carlos Marighella was a Communist organizer from São Paulo, Brazil.
		He founded the ALN in February 1968, borrowing the name from a revolutionary organization that had existed briefly in Brazil in the 1930’s before being banned by the government.
	www.tkb.org /KeyLeader.jsp?memID=6086 (156 words)

	Mini-manual of the urban guerilla - Marighella, Carlos - Sjakoo's catalog (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Mini-manual of the urban guerilla - Marighella, Carlos - Sjakoo's catalog
		Written by the Brazilian as a reaction to the failure of Guevara and the rural guerillas.
		This new edition includes two other documents by Marighella - Problems And Principles Of Strategy And Questions Of Organization, a 1970 interview with liberated Brazilian political prisoners, and a chronology of the guerilla struggle in Brazil from 1964-73.
	www.fortvansjakoo.nl /books/6524.htm (109 words)

	Untitled
		The tactic is made clear in the all-purpose "Mini-Manual for Urban Guerrillas" published in 1969 by Carlos Marighella.
		The author, Marighella, was an apparatchik in Brazil's pro Moscow Communist Party for 40 years.
		For your information, another Carlos, "Carlos the Jackal," is reported to have been arrested yesterday in Mexico.
	www.latinamericanstudies.org /terrorism/role4.htm (18790 words)

	Foreign Military Studies Office Publications - Insurgencies, Terrorist Groups and Indigenous Movements: An Annotated ...
		A complement to the bibliography is "Primer on Latin America Insurgencies and Guerrilla Movements." The sources listed roughly encompass the period 1968 to 1999, providing background information on the most important revolutionary movements in Latin America, such as the Montoneros of Argentina, the Tupamaros of Uruguay and Carlos Marighella's Action for National Liberation of Brazil.
		Many of these organizations sought to overthrow their respective national governments through violent means and blamed the incursion of foreign capital as a form of economic imperialism.
		Celis Noguera, Carlos E. Geopolítica Regional (el área del Caribe, área Andina y área Amazónica).
	fmso.leavenworth.army.mil /documents/insurgbib.htm (7043 words)

	The Mini-Manual of the Urban Guerrilla by Carlos Marighella (Book) in
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		Originally written in the late 1960's by Brazillian insurgent Carlos Marighella this manual is one of the original documents on the mechanics of an urban insurgency.
		Although created in June of 1969 this manual is still used today to teach anti-terror/insurgency forces around the world what they are up against.
	books.lulu.com /content/137079 (127 words)

	Foreign Affairs - Book Review - The Terrorist Classic: Manual of the Urban Guerrilla - Carlos Marighella
		A daily guide to the most influential analysis from the Council on Foreign Relations, publisher of Foreign Affairs.
		Marighella, the "father of modern terrorism," died in São Paulo in 1969 in a hail of bullets under circumstances still rather opaque.
		This small volume presents a brief description of his life and death, together with a new translation of his manual, which has became an operational "bible" for terrorists around the world.
	www.foreignaffairs.org /19860301fabook10867/carlos-marighella/the-terrorist-classic-manual-of-the-urban-guerrilla.html (153 words)

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