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	Carnauba Wax
		Carnauba Wax is exuded by the leaves of the Copernica Cerifera palm to conserve the moisture within the tree and its leaves.
		The "Carnauba Palm" grows in the northern and northeastern parts of Brazil along the river banks, valleys, and lagoons where the soil is dark and fertile.
		Palm leaves containing the wax are harvested from the trees during the period from September to March.
	www.quillcraft.com /articles/carnauba_wax.html (385 words)

	Carnauba wax - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Carnauba is a wax derived from the leaves of a plant native to northeastern Brazil, the carnauba palm (Copernicia prunifera).
		Carnauba wax can produce a glossy finish and as such is used in automobile waxes, shoe polishes and floor and furniture polishes, especially mixed with beeswax.
		In 1890, Charles Tainter patented the use of carnauba wax on phonograph cylinders as a replacement for a mixure of paraffin and beeswax.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Carnauba_wax (356 words)

	ToyotaCelicas.com - Information - Detailing - What is Carnauba? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Carnauba is a vegetable fat obtained from the leaves of a Brazilian palm tree called the “Tree of Life” (Copernica Cerifera).
		Carnauba Wax is exuded by the leaves of the Copernica Cerifera palm to conserve the moisture within the tree and its leaves.
		Palm leaves containing the wax are harvested from the trees during the period from September to March.
	www.toyotacelicas.com /information/detailing/carnauba.html (394 words)

	Zymol Titanium Glaze (226g) 155 - What is Carnauba? -
		Carnauba is a vegetable wax (fat) obtained from the leaves of the Carnauba Palm.
		Carnauba Wax is exuded by the leaves of the Brazilian ´Tree of Life´ (Copernica Cerifera) to converse precious moisture.
		This ´Carnauba Palm´ grows in northern and north-eastern Brazil along the river banks, valleys and lagoons where the soil is dark and fertile.
	www.vertar.com /zymol/zymol-waxes-glazes/zymol-titanium-glaze/what-is-carnauba-tab (518 words)

	CARNAUBA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Carnauba is the hardest natural wax and has lustrous composition making it the leading choice for food coatings, pharmaceutical coatings and polishes.
		Carnauba Wax is exuded by the leaves of the Brazilian "Tree of Life" (Copernica Cerifera) to conserve the moisture within the tree and leaves.
		This 'Carnauba Palm' grows in the northern and northeastern parts of Brazil along the river banks, valleys, and lagoons where the soil is dark and fertile.
	www.zymol.com /carnauba.htm (479 words)

	Carnauba Palm - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Carnauba Palm - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Carnauba Palm, common name for a species of palm tree.
		Palm (plant), common name for a family of woody flowering plants widespread in the tropics.
	encarta.msn.com /Carnauba_Palm.html (96 words)

	Tropical Palms - Introduction
		Nipa palm (Nypa fruticans) is an example of dichotomous branching; the salak palm (Salacca zalacca) is representative of lateral branching and is similar to the type of branching which takes place in dicots with branches developing from the growth of lateral meristems.
		A solitary palm, the carnaúba wax palm (Copernicia prunifera).
		A subterranean branching palm, the nipa palm (Nypa fruticans).
	www.fao.org /docrep/x0451e/x0451e03.htm (3340 words)

	San Antonio Botanical Garden 555 Funston San Antonio Texas - Conservatory/Palm and Cycad House (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Palms are easily divided into two main groups by their leaves - the Feather palms with pinnate fronds looking like enormous feathers; and the Fan palms with palmate, fan-like leaf blades resembling giant hands.
		Palms are a very important food source, providing such foods as dates and coconuts, which are central to the economy of many third world countries.
		It is a variable palm from 3 to 30 feet tall with green, fan shaped leaves that are silver underneath and slender solitary smooth gray or gray brown trunks.
	www.sabot.org /garden/conservatory/palm.htm (1501 words)

	BoDD (Botanical Dermatology Database) - PALMAE (ARECACEAE)
		Some of the races of palm are unsuitable for the betel nut chewer producing an unpleasant sensation of tightness in the throat with profuse secretion of mucus.
		The pulped fruit brings fish to the surface of a pond; crushed fruit is placed along the margins of fishponds both to discourage poachers whose bare feet are irritated by the fruit-walls and to discourage the fish from approaching the edge of the pond (Burkill 1935).
		Carnauba wax is often used together with candellila wax, which is derived from Euphorbia and Pedilanthus (Budavari 1996).
	bodd.cf.ac.uk /BotDermFolder/BotDermP/PALM.html (2479 words)

	carnauba wax flakes from texas drone
		This hard yellow-brown wax comes from the Carnauba palm tree (Copernicea Cerifera) and is found only in the northeast of Brazil in the states of Rio Grande do Norte, Ceara and Piaui.
		The Carnauba palm tree is slow growing and reaches an average height of 25-35 feet and is often referred to as the tree of life.
		The color and quality of the carnauba wax is governed by the age of the leaves and care used in processing of this hard, brittle, lustrous wax.
	www.texasdrone.com /carnauba-wax.htm (397 words)

	Floridata: Copernicia prunifera
		The carnauba wax palm grows to 30 ft (9.1 m) tall with a single gray trunk which is usually smooth on the top 1/3, while the lower 2/3 is marked with persistent leaf bases in a pleasing spiraling pattern.
		The carnauba wax palm is native to Brazil and like all palms in the Copernicia genus, prefers savanna or open forests that occasionally are subject to flooding.
		The old leaf base attachments are arranged the length of the carnauba palm's trunk in a hypnotic spiral.
	www.floridata.com /ref/C/cope_pru.cfm (430 words)

	Why Carnauba?
		Carnauba sheds water, pollutants, refracts UV light, and provides excellent, all around protection for any surface to which it is applied.
		Carnauba is secreted by the leaves of a palm tree to protect it from the harsh Brazilian climate.
		The reflective quality of the carnauba protects the leaves from the sun while the water-repellency redirects rainwater to the ground where it can be absorbed by the tree’s roots.
	www.pinnaclewax.com /whycarnauba.html (561 words)

	CARNAUBA PALM,
		The tree bears a sweet fl fruit that is about the size of an olive and is edible either raw or cooked.
		A wax, also called carnauba, forms in scales on the lower surfaces of the leaves and is removed by shaking the dried harvested leaves.
		It is processed for use in lubricants, polishes, floor wax, plastics, and carbon paper.
	www.history.com /encyclopedia.do?articleId=204745 (326 words)

	Carnauba Wax & Carnauba Car Wax General Information
		Carnauba Wax is obtained from the leaves of a Copernica Cerifera palm tree.
		This crude wax, in its powder form, is transported from the countryside where it is processed and cleaned to assure the highest quality of raw carnauba wax.The color and quality of the wax are governed by the age of the leaves and care used in processing of this hard, brittle, lustrous wax.
		Carnauba also dramatically reduces paint oxidation by diffusing the UV and infrared radiation from the sun which can oxidize and dull your paint finish.
	www.smartwax.com /carnauba_wax.htm (485 words)

	Chapter 6: Economic importance and ethnobotany, Article 1
		Palms furnish food, shelter, clothing, timber, fuel, building materials, fibres, starch, oils, waxes, wines, and a host of minor products for indigenous populations in the tropics.
		Palm wine, arrack, and vinegar are made from sap of the flower stalk.
		Palm oil is obtained from the fruit coat and kernel oil from the seed.
	www.plantapalm.com /vpe/ethnobotany/vpe_ethnobotany1.htm (546 words)

	PALM TREE SEEDS IN RETAIL PACKS FROM AROUND THE WORLD
		This palm is mostly known for the famous wax that it produces.
		This palm is grown commercially throughout the Middle East for its delicious and abundant fruit.
		A handsome clustering palm from the Philippines which grows to about 3 or 4 metres, and is suitable for a range of climatic zones from temperate to tropical.
	www.seedman.com /palm1.htm (5020 words)

	[No title]
		The carnauba tree is a palm that grows to 40 feet.
		Carnauba wax can be found as a component in furniture and car body wax, floor and shoe polish, and carbon paper inks.
		Carnauba wax is mainly produced and exported in the northeast region of Brazil, with 73% of the total regional production being exported.
	www.herbalgram.org /youngliving/hmbc/?h=Carnauba (427 words)

	Chapter 6: Economic importance and ethnobotany, Article 1
		Palms furnish food, shelter, clothing, timber, fuel, building materials, fibres, starch, oils, waxes, wines, and a host of minor products for indigenous populations in the tropics.
		Palm wine, arrack, and vinegar are made from sap of the flower stalk.
		Palm oil is obtained from the fruit coat and kernel oil from the seed.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/library/palms/vpe_ethnobotany1.htm (548 words)

	Hort 403 - Oils
		But throughout the tropics the palm family is as ubiquitous as the grass family is in temperate climates-there are 1250 species indigenous to the Western Hemisphere-and it is no wonder many other species of palm contribute oil-bearing fruits of greater or lesser importance.
		The "palm oil" of commerce comes from the outer husk or pericarp of the fruit; a less prized kernel oil is obtained from the nut or seed.
		Under primitive circumstances, the palm fruit is boiled, the free oil is skimmed off the cauldron, and residual oil is squeezed from the pulp.
	www.hort.purdue.edu /newcrop/tropical/lecture_23/oils_Rl.html (5392 words)

	carnauba - Encyclopedia.com
		carnauba, wax obtained from the wax palm, or carnauba (Copernicia cerifera), of Brazil.
		A similar wax is obtained from the trunk of Ceroxylon andicola, the wax palm of the Andes.
		Carnauba wax sector in turmoil from natural, man-made forces.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-carnauba.html (476 words)

	Pelican Parts - Zymöl, What is Carnuba?
		Carnauba is a vegetable wax (fat) obtained from the leaves of the
		Carnauba is available in 'Lump', powered or flaked form.
		Carnauba Wax is exuded by the leaves of the Brazilian "Tree of Life" (Copernica Cerifera) to conserve the moisture within the tree and leaves.
	www.pelicanparts.com /BMW/catalog/car_care/zymol_FAQ1.htm (483 words)

	Carnuba Wax
		Carnauba Wax is a vegetable wax obtained from the leaves of a Brazilian palm tree (Copernica Cerifera) known as the "Tree of Life".
		In Brazil, the Carnauba Palm is prolific, and trees grow to an average of 25-35 feet, but may grow up to 50 feet.
		Carnauba Wax is a wonderful ingredient to use in natural cosmetics.
	www.mountainroseherbs.com /learn/carnauba_wax.php (417 words)

	Real Milk Paint ® - Carnauba wax
		Carnauba wax is a naturally occurring product exuded by the fronds of the Brazilian Carnauba palm (Copernica Cerifera).
		The leaves of the carnauba palm are harvested from September to March.
		Carnauba, the hardest natural wax available is brittle, non-tacky and lustrous with a melting point of 182 degrees.
	www.realmilkpaint.com /carnauba_flakes.html (275 words)

	Zymol Distributor for the UK & Eire - FAQs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Carnauba is the hardest natural wax and lustrous composition, making it the leading choice for food coatings, pharmaceutical coatings and polishes.
		Carnauba Wax is exuded by the leaves of the Brazilian ‘Tree of Life’ (Copernica Cerifera to converse precious moisture.
		This ‘Carnauba Palm’ grows in northern and north-eastern Brazil along the river banks, valleys and lagoons where the soil is dark and fertile.
	www.zdouk.com /faqs.aspx (1729 words)

	Cerapeles.com.br - Cera de Carnaúba - natural wax -
		Carnauba wax is a natural product compound basically of esters and heavy weight fatty acids.
		The wax is produced from a powder taken from the leaves of Carnauba Palm Tree.
		The Carnauba palm tree covers its leaves with a thin layer of this waxy powder as a protection from dehydration, hot temperatures and long draughts in the northeast region of Brazil, especially in the states of Piaui, Ceará and Rio Grande do Norte.
	www.cerapeles.com.br /ing/prod.htm (160 words)

	What is carnauba? - Plants that Changed History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The carnaubeira or carnauba palm (Copernicia prunifera (Miller) H.E. Moore) is native to northeastern Brazil.
		The carnauba palm fronds are protected on both surfaces from drying by a thick cuticle of wax.
		Carnauba is the base of fine furniture polish and hardwood floor wax, the coating used to make paper cups and cardboard water resistant, is the shine and protection in shoe polishes and waxes, and allows the dental floss to slide easier between the teeth.
	www.killerplants.com /plants-that-changed-history/20040302.asp (1330 words)

	Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Epidemiology of Chagas disease in Jaguaruana, Ceará, Brazil. I. Presence of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		In the studied areas, a reduction in the fields of carnauba palm has been observed due to the continuous deforestation in order to build houses, fences and corrals, besides the fires for agricultural purposes.
		The walls of these annexes are made with trunks or palm leaves from carnauba palm and the roofs are covered with straws or tiles.
		Another factor is the use of the carnauba palm's trunks for structuring the roofs, providing important means of passive transportation for this species from its natural ecotope to domiciles (Dias 2000).
	www.scielo.br /scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762004000300004 (4479 words)

	NDA Wholesale Carnauba Vegetable Wax
		Carnauba wax is widely used in cosmetics, particularly in stick applications.
		Carnauba wax is the hardest natural wax and has lustrous composition making it the leading choice for food coatings, pharmaceutical coatings and polishes.
		Carnauba Wax is compatible with most animal, vegetable and mineral waxes and a large variety of natural and synthetic resins.
	www.newdirectionsaromatics.com /carnauba-vegetable-wax-p-613.html (344 words)

	Carnauba wax (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Carnauba wax is the coating on the surface of the leaf, i.e., cuticle.
		Leaves of this fan palm are removed individually from the tree, cut and shredded, and then dried, so that wax flakes off.
		A pound of carnauba wax is obtained from about 20 leaves.
	www.botgard.ucla.edu /html/botanytextbooks/economicbotany/Copernicia/index.html (130 words)

	Natural Formula Pure Carnauba Wax Liquid 16 oz.
		This premium wax is made from the sap of the Brazilian “Tree of Life,” also called the Carnauba Palm.
		Carnauba is used for automotive wax because it is all-natural and therefore will not react with paint.
		Carnauba is graded according to the tree it came from and the color.
	www.superiorcarcare.net /nafopucawaxl.html (519 words)

	MOTHERS® Products: The History of Carnauba Wax
		Carnauba wax is a resin produced by the wax palm tree Copernicia Cerifera.
		Carnauba has a very strong grain structure and is the hardest wax known to man. In addition to being incredibly durable, carnauba dries to a deep, natural shine (in contrast, bees wax, paraffin and many synthetic waxes tend to cloud and occlude).
		Carnauba wax is produced by the leaves of the tropical carnauba tree as protection from the incredibly harsh conditions of the tropical rain forest — intense heat, harsh equatorial sun and constant moisture and humidity.
	www.mothers.com /products/carnaubahistory/carnaubahistory.html (282 words)

	palms
		True palms are members of the palm family (Palmae).
		From the way the leaves are arranged on the stem, palms are generally described as either fan palms or feather palms.
		The Guano Palm may and frequently does produce suckers from the base of the trunk.
	www.botany.com /palms.htm (748 words)

	Carnauba Wax- You Just Can’t Do Without It
		Carnauba Wax- You Just Can’t Do Without It Carnauba Wax- You Just Can’t Do Without It During the regular dry seasons in the dense forests of Brazil a specific nature of tree, called the tree of life, protects its fanlike fronds from the loss of moisture by secreting a coat of thick hard wax.
		The carnauba wax is the hardest and the highest melting natural wax and is also known as the ‘queen of waxes’.
		Carnauba wax for best results should be applied after cleaning the surface thoroughly with mineral spirits or paint thinner.
	www.articledashboard.com /Article/Carnauba-wax--You-just-can-t-do-without-it/130989 (642 words)

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