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Topic: Carrying capacity

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	Carrying Capacity \| Planeta
		Carrying capacity is appealing for its simplicity, but this is the very reason why it is fundamentally flawed when applied to human beings.
		Carrying capacity is a blunt instrument that is not designed to accommodate these variables and it's apparent simplicity discourages most people from considering these variables.
		Policies concerning carrying capacities are based on the assumption that recreational impacts are directly related to the amount and type of use.
	www.planeta.com /planeta/05/0508cc.html (1420 words)

	Carrying capacity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Carrying capacity is the population level that can be supported for an organism, given the quantity of food, habitat, water and other life infrastructure present.
		The key shift that is made when changing the focus from "carrying capacity" to "ecological footprint" is that the emphasis is not on the number of people in an area (or on the planet) but on their use of resources and the speed with which they use those resources.
		Carrying capacity calculates the 'average' use of food and resources, which is closer to the billions of poor in the world, than the hundreds of billionaires.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Carrying_capacity (1948 words)

	Arizona Rangelands: Inventory and Monitoring: Carrying Capacity
		Carrying capacity describes the number of grazing animals a management unit is able to support without depleting rangeland vegetation or soil resources.
		Information regarding the carrying capacity of a management unit is also useful for interpreting potential economic returns on ranch developments, such as developing watering points to improve livestock distribution or enhancing wildlife habitat.
		For example, a decline in carrying capacity is usually interpreted as an indicator of poor resource management and a typical response would be to determine a carrying capacity that would improve range condition.
	ag.arizona.edu /agnic/az/inventorymonitoring/carryingcapacity.html (396 words)

	321energy :: Peak Oil, Carrying Capacity and Overshoot: Population, the Elephant in the Room :: Paul Chefurka
		Carrying capacity is the population level of an organism that can be sustained given the quantity of life supporting infrastructure available to it.
		Carrying capacity can be increased by the discovery and exploitation of new resources (such as metals, oil or fertile uninhabited land) and it can be decreased by resource exhaustion and waste buildup, for example declining soil fertility and water pollution.
		Carrying capacity has been added to the world in direct proportion to the use of oil, and the disturbing implication is that if our oil supply declines, the carrying capacity of the world will automatically fall with it.
	www.321energy.com /editorials/chefurka/chefurka051207.html (5169 words)

	Carrying Capacity (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Capacity, for purposes here, is assumed to reflect a reasonable or optimum average number of boats using the lake at one time.
		Optimum recreation carrying capacity is defined as the amount of use most appropriate for both the protection of the resource and the satisfaction of the participant (Urban Research and Development Corporation).
		The capacity is not intended to be a goal in the sense that it be used as a rationale for achievement of its prescribed level of use without consideration of other pertinent factors.
	www.nww.usace.army.mil /planning/er/lpeak/sptdata/spt11.htm (1403 words)

	CULTURAL CARRYING CAPACITY (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The carrying capacity of a territory is defined as the maximum number of animals that can be supported year after year without damage to the environment.
		Whenever a population grows beyond the carrying capacity, the environment is rapidly degraded; as a result, carrying capacity is reduced in subsequent years.
		Carrying capacity does not vary without cause; it does not increase in response to need; it cannot be transgressed with impunity; and its definition in particular circumstances presents no serious problem to the well-informed.
	www.strom.clemson.edu /becker/prtm320/cccapacity.html (6478 words)

	Carrying capacity analysis - Coastal Wiki
		Tourism carrying capacity is determined not only in terms of ecology and the general deterioration of an area but it also needs to incorporate the visitors’ experiences, and thus human values.
		The use of the carrying capacity notion in planning for tourism development has undergone significant criticism due to limitations during implementation such as the lack of scientific objectivity; the failure to take into account relationships between use and impact; and the futility of trying to arrive at a desirable unique number.
		The measurement, assessment and implementation of carrying capacity may be considered as a process within a process for planning in coastal areas.
	www.encora.eu /coastalwiki/Carrying_capacity_analysis (823 words)

	Institute for Lifecycle Environmental Assessment
		Biological studies of population change typically demonstrate that once the carrying capacity of an ecosystem is exceeded, a severe crash or collapse of the population follows associated with rapid environmental degradation.
		The social carrying capacity therefore must be less than the biophysical as it will account for quality of life and estimate the number of humans that can be sustainably supported at a given standard of living.
		Estimating the carrying capacity of the Earth is a difficult task involving value-based decisions and assumptions.
	www.ilea.org /leaf/richard2002.html (2508 words)

	The Environmental Literacy Council - Carrying Capacity
		Carrying capacity can be affected by the size of the human population, consumption of resources, and the level of pollution and environmental degradation that results.
		Carrying capacity often serves as the basis for sustainable development policies that attempt to balance the needs of today against the resources that will be needed in the future.
		While the exact value of the human carrying capacity is uncertain and continues to be under debate, there is a question as to the strain that population and consumption has placed on some societies and the environment.
	www.enviroliteracy.org /article.php/1361.html (646 words)

	Encyclopedia of Sustainable Development
		In ecological terms, the carrying capacity of an ecosystem is the size of the population or community that can be supported indefinitely upon the available resources and services of that ecosystem.
		Carrying capacity is much harder to measure for human, social and built capital than for natural capital but the basic concept is the same - are the different types of capital being used up faster than they are being replenished?
		So, in the context of sustainability, carrying capacity is the size of the population that can be supported indefinitely upon the available resources and services of supporting natural, social, human, and built capital.
	www.ace.mmu.ac.uk /esd/Principles/Carrying_Capacity.html (373 words)

	Carrying Capacity Lab (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The carrying capacity of the Earth usually refers to its ability to support human life, because it is the human population that is currently undergoing explosive exponential growth.
		But the carrying capacity can be applied to any life form and to any part of the biosphere, such as the number of deer that can be supported by an oak forest.
		Ecologists use the term carrying capacity to define the maximum population of a particular species that a given area of habitat can support over a given period of time.
	members.cox.net /bennowak/environment/envla/carcapact.htm (859 words)

	CARRYING CAPACITY AND THE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN: ESTABLISHING AND DEFENDING LIMITS TO GROWTH
		Once carrying capacity thresholds have been established, local governments should apply appropriate regulatory controls to ensure that capacities are not exceeded.
		Carrying capacity regulations, then, are not tantamount to a total economic wipeout because they would presumably allow some level of development.
		Perhaps the most important characteristic of carrying capacity limitations, however, is that they reflect the admission by local government residents and officials that their resources have limits.
	www.bc.edu /bc_org/avp/law/lwsch/journals/bcealr/28_4/06_TXT.htm (4702 words)

	Outfitter Guide Carrying Capacity Analysis
		Carrying capacity is expressed as the maximum number of groups that can recreate within the shoreline zone at one time while preserving the social and environmental settings required in the Forest Plan.
		Carrying capacity, in a simplistic sense, defines the maximum number of groups or people who could use a defined area without negatively impacting the desired social or biological conditions.
		In this study, the carrying capacity was derived by limiting the number of encounters expected in a day within each specific Use Area to the ROS class standards for social encounters specified in the Forest Plan.
	www.fs.fed.us /r10/tongass/planning/oganalysis/ogccanalfinal.html (4078 words)

	Carrying Capacity
		The concept of carrying capacity was applied to human populations in the 1960’s.
		The big question for human civilization raised by this application of carrying capacity to the human population is whether we will be a K or r-selected species; whether we will reach a stable level that can be sustained for an indefinite period; or whether we will grow to a peak and collapse.
		The concept of carrying capacity is well rooted in biological science, and describes the rise and decline of plant and animal populations.
	www.sustainablescale.org /ConceptualFramework/UnderstandingScale/MeasuringScale/CarryingCapacity.aspx (872 words)

	Cultural Carrying Capacity - The Garrett Hardin Society - Articles
		The carrying capacity of a territory is defined as the maximum number of animals that can be supported year after year without damage to the environment.
		Whenever a population grows beyond the carrying capacity, the environment is rapidly degraded; as a result, carrying capacity is reduced in subsequent years.
		Carrying capacity does not vary without cause; it does not increase in response to need; it cannot be transgressed with impunity; and its definition in particular circumstances presents no serious problem to the well-informed.
	www.garretthardinsociety.org /articles/art_cultural_carrying_capacity.html (6495 words)

	THE WORLD'S MOST POLYMORPHIC SPECIES: Carrying capacity transgressed two ways
		Carrying capacity needs to be understood as the maximum load an environment can permanently support (i.e., without reduction of its ability to support future generations), with load referring not just to the number of users of an environment but to the total demands they make upon it.
		The fact that carrying capacities can be difficult to measure cannot exempt populations from the consequences of exceeding their environments' power to sustain them.
		Quantitatively, an environment's carrying capacity for a particular life form is set (according to von Liebigs law) by the continual rate of flow of the least abundantly available necessary resource.
	www.dieoff.com /page81.htm (3486 words)

	Paul Dorn's Bike Commuting Tips: Getting Started - Carrying Capacity
		Carrying a load while bike commuting essentially reduces down to a variation of two approaches: bike messenger style or bike tourist style.
		Carrying weight on their body would be uncomfortable over a distance of 30 or more miles.
		So bike tourists carry the weight on their bikes instead of their bodies, using front and/or rear racks and panniers (bags.) One alternative to racks and bags is a wire basket(s) permanently attached to the bike.
	www.runmuki.com /commute/commuting5.html (571 words)

	Carrying Capacity (Site not responding. Last check: )
		One of the central debates in population literature centers on what the maximum carrying capacity of the Earth is and whether we’re below or above that level (or are likely to be in the future).
		Doomsayers like Paul Ehrlich and Garrett Hardin seem to think the Earth has already exceeded its carrying capacity while their critics such as Julian Simon seem to believe the carrying capacity of the planet is infinite.
		Cohen first notes that several different definitions of carrying capacity, referred to in the literature as K, circulate in environmental and ecological circles.
	www.overpopulation.com /faq/natural_resources/carrying_capacity.html (903 words)

	Carrying capacity (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Carrying capacity is a term that has generated considerable debate in ecology.
		Catton, W. Carrying capacity and the death of a culture: a tale of two autopsies.
		Human population growth and the carrying capacity concept.
	classes.entom.wsu.edu /529/CarryingCapacity.htm (135 words)

	Carrying capacity - Encyclopedia of Earth
		When the population size is smaller than the carrying capacity, the population growth rate is positive so populations increase in size and when population size is larger than the carrying capacity, the population growth rate is negative so that populations decrease in size.
		Populations are expected to reach a carrying capacity (rather than continuing to grow exponentially) because birth rates and death rates are density dependent (i.e., depend on population size).
		The carrying capacity is reached at the population size at which the per capita birth rate equals the per capita death rate.
	www.eoearth.org /article/Carrying_capacity (485 words)

	Carrying Capacity (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Carrying capacity generally relates to a comparison of resources to an overall set of goals or regulations.
		We would, therefore, define carrying capacity as the amount of air pollution a region can sustain while still meeting and maintaining State and federal ambient air quality standards.
		After that time, it may be necessary to adopt more controls to offset the affect of population growth on the region and to stay within the State ozone standard, i.e., the carrying capacity.
	www.co.monterey.ca.us /gpudisc/_disc/00000011.htm (368 words)

	Africa Today--Carrying Capacity's New Guise: Folk Models for Public Debate and Longitudinal Study of Environmental ...
		The carrying capacity concept seems to have left the domain of academic consideration and been assimilated by the public as the natural explanation for the balance between nature and human populations.
		Carrying capacity was one of the few terms they knew prior to taking the course.
		I simply operationalized carrying capacity as "an environment of scarcity," and I focused (and continue to focus) my research on how people cope with living in a harsh environment that cannot consistently provide enough food and natural resources for their basic subsistence.
	www.iupress.indiana.edu /journals/africatoday/aft48-1.html (6028 words)

	Carrying Capacity
		carrying capacity) and this has led to a greater acceptance of the precautionary principle* and its use to guide policy and action.
		McConnell, Robert L. "The human population carrying capacity of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed : a preliminary analysis." Population and Environment : a journal of interndisciplinary studies 16 (March 1995): 335-351.
		Economic carrying capacity takes the form of maximum global economic welfare derivable from the sustainable throughput flows of the ecosphere.
	www.iisd.org /ic/info/ss9506.htm (3415 words)

	Ishmael Community: The Science, Carrying Capacity (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In the same way, no one can look at you and say that, even though you're already exceeding the carrying capacity of your range, living as you are, you will almost inevitably double in size in the next forty years, in obedience to well known biological laws.
		But it's not meaningless to say that the collective to which you belong—the human species—IS exceeding the carrying capacity of its range and even so, living as we are, this species will almost inevitably double in size in the next forty years, in obedience to well known biological laws.
		Mice, elephants, reindeer, and any other species that lives the way we're living will eventually exceed the carrying capacity of their range, and this will NOT be because they don't practice birth control.
	www.ishmael.com /Education/Science/carry_capacity.shtml (1097 words)

	What is Carrying Capacity?
		Carrying capacity refers to the number of individuals who can be supported in a given area within natural resource limits, and without degrading the natural social, cultural and economic environment for present and future generations.
		As the environment is degraded, carrying capacity actually shrinks, leaving the environment no longer able to support even the number of people who could formerly have lived in the area on a sustainable basis.
		The effects of unfettered population growth drastically reduce the carrying capacity in the United States.
	www.gdrc.org /uem/footprints/carrying-capacity.html (195 words)

	Carrying Capacity
		One conservationist will say that the carrying capacity of the land is reached when 80% of our second growth forests is cleared, while another will draw the line at 60%.
		In zoning terms carrying capacity is easily determined as: one house for every residential zone unit, one car for every three customers in the store, one parking space for every three seats in the restaurant, and enough impervious road surface to access the properties, etc..
		It may be that carrying capacity must be defined as the preferred environment that each of us defines subjectively - when we say: "This is our land and this is the environment we wish to pass on to our kids."
	pages.cthome.net /rivania/capacity.html (407 words)

	Carrying capacity
		Carrying capacity refers to how many organisms can live sustainably in a particular environment without destroying its resources.
		Many things can be limiting factors, such as food or water supply, amount of shelter, capacity to absorb wastes, or predation, and different factors can be the limit that determines carrying capacity at different times and places.
		It is difficult to estimate the carrying capacity of the planet, since this depends on the technologies available, our efficiency in the use of resources, and the acceptable standard of living.
	www.bcca.org /ief/sustapedia/spcapacity.htm (618 words)

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