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	Encyclopedia: Cartesian diver (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		To compensate, the BCD is inflated just enough to adjust the diver's density so the he or she neither floats nor sinks at the depth of the dive.
		The density of the conventional diver increases because of increasing the mass of the dropper.
		The density of the modified diver increases because of decreasing the volume of the dropper.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Cartesian-diver (545 words)

	Cartesian Diver Experiment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The project is useful in explaining the concepts of pressure, volume, density, and the compressibility of liquids and gases.
		Object: To make a Cartesian diver using a disposable pipet (or medicine dropper), a 1 or 2-L plastic bottle (big slam's with a wide mouth work great), 18 gauge or other copper wire or 1/4 inch hex nut, and water.
		Adjust the amount of water in the diver until the diver sinks to the bottom of the container.
	science.lccc.wy.edu /ScienceClub/CartesianDiver.html (265 words)

	Cartesian Diver Notes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		When you squeeze the bottle, the pressure inside the bottle increases and reduces the volume of air in the diver and at the same time increases the amount of water in the diver.
		At this point the density of the diver is greater than the density of the water.
		The buoyant force acting on the diver is the same as the buoyant force acting on water of the same volume.
	science.lccc.wy.edu /ScienceClub/DiverNotes.html (565 words)

	SolarCartesianDiver
		The Cartesian Diver is assembled from an inverted glass cup, attached to a counterweight.
		Also, while a glass diver is practical in a laboratory environment, it cannot be shipped as a toy since the air will leak out of the diver when the package is inverted.
		I have never successfully prototyped a diver using solar energy and an unsealed column- however, with a strong (50 watt halogen), broad area light, it is possible for the diver to run continuously in an open column.
	www.genuineideas.com /HallofInventions/SolarDiver/diverdescription.htm (686 words)

	Adventures in Science and Technology - Cartesian Divers Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Air can be compressed much more easily than water, therefore the air inside the Cartesian diver becomes more dense than the water as we push on the sides of the bottle.
		Due to the increase in the relative density of the Cartesian diver, the diver sinks to the bottom of the bottle.
		It is one of Galileo's students, Raffaelo Maggiotti, who first described the Cartesian diver in writing (he called it the Cartesian Devil).
	collections.ic.gc.ca /science/english/phys/projects/pressure.html (533 words)

	A Philosophical Toy
		One is to describe and explain the behavior of the diver or divers as completely as possible; the other is to learn to construct and operate all forms (test tube, medicine dropper, syringe) of the device.
		The diver uses the pressure to cause different amounts of water to be displaced and thus change back and forth from being a floater to a sinker.
		Students reach a level of tentative certainty in their knowledge of the Cartesian diver, unsettled with the idea that it may not be possible to find the book where the final truth is written but invigorated with the accomplishment of having thoroughly investigated a compelling physical system.
	www.ed.uiuc.edu /courses/CI241-science-Sp95/resources/philoToy/philoToy.html (4285 words)

	c5:Cartesian Diver (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The divers contain a small hole near the bottom and are partially filled with water so that they first float in the cylinder.
		As the diaphragm is pressed the compression of air within the diver and consequent decrease in water displacement causes the buoyant force to be reduced, and the diver to sink.
		As the pressure on the diaphragm is released, the diver rises again.
	rigel.phys.ualberta.ca /demos/Matter/c5Cartesian.html (77 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		Respiration of a small number of cells may be demonstrated by the use of the Cartesian diver respirometer with an inclined manometer tube.
		The principle of the diver is simple and based on the compound density equation, but the techniques for preparing, filling, and immersing the diver require much experience.
		The Cartesian diver, when used as a respirometer, is somewhat superior to the Warburg manometer, because the respiration of a small number of cells may be demonstrated.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=4672342 (281 words)

	Cartesian Diver - How it works
		The Cartesian Diver moves up and down due to changes in the balance of weight and buoyancy.
		Divers usually add lumps of lead to a belt worn around the waist until they just float, just like adding clay to the Cartesian Diver.
		The diver can therefore adjust buoyancy and choose to move up, down or stay at a certain depth, like the Cartesian Diver.
	www.seed.slb.com /en/scictr/lab/diver/how.htm (552 words)

	Cartesian Diver Experiment
		Scuba divers have to control their depth in the water.
		A diver wears two pieces of equipment: a weigh belt and a buoyancy compensator.
		Gently lower the ‘diver’ into the bowl of water so that the lid remains full of air.
	www.seed.slb.com /en/scictr/lab/diver (284 words)

	Applet: Diver (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		This is the idealization of a common toy, the Cartesian diver.
		By pressing on the plate with the spring and increasing the pressure, the liquid is not compressed, but the trapped air is. Consequently the displaced volume of liquid changes, and the diver can be made to rise or sink.
		We have drawn in a yellow line, and you may want to attempt to have the diver float right at the yellow line.
	lectureonline.cl.msu.edu /~mmp/applist/f/f.htm (207 words)

	Cartesian Diver (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		If you make a Cartesean Diver, be sure to fill the dropper partly with water and adjust the amount of water so this the dropper just barely floats.
		As the diver submerges, his density increases because the air bubbles in the wet suit become compressed.
		During assent, the diver's density decreases and he tends to float faster and faster towards the surface.
	www.ncsu.edu /chemistry/outreach/states_of_matter_folder/diver.html (434 words)

	Cartesian Diver (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A Cartesian diver is an object that is just barely positively buoyant.
		The diver is put inside a plastic bottle that is completely full of water and capped.
		When the air compresses the diver loses its buoyancy and it sinks to the bottom of the bottle.
	users.bigpond.net.au /mechtoys/cartesian.html (91 words)

	Household Science for Kids: Cartesian Diver
		As you squeeze, the diver will dive (sink) to the bottom of the bottle.
		If you can't find a medicine dropper, you can duplicate the same effect by bending half of a plastic drinking straw in half and securing it with a paper clip.
		Cartesian is a term that was named after René Descartes, a French scientist, mathematician, and philosopher.
	www.fatlion.com /science/cartesian.html (515 words)

	Exploratorium: Science Snacks: Descartes' Diver
		The dropper's buoyancy increases, and the diver rises.
		As the diver sinks, the pressure outside the diver increases slightly with the water's depth.
		When the diver reaches the bottom and you stop squeezing, the pressure resulting from the increase in depth remains and continues to compress the air bubble a little.
	www.exploratorium.edu /snacks/descartes_diver.html (835 words)

	JCE 2001 (78) 200A [Feb] Sink or Swim: The Cartesian Diver (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Cartesian divers rise and sink in water that fills a capped bottle when there are changes in pressure, volume, temperature, and buoyancy.
		When the pressure decreases, the process is reversed, and the diver floats to the top of the bottle again.
		Cartesian divers are a quick and simple way to illustrate relationships among pressure, volume, temperature, and buoyancy.
	www.jece.divched.org /HS/Journal/Issues/2001/Feb/abs200A.html (387 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		This diver must be just barely buoyant- that is, it must barely float.
		Place diver (ball point pen cap) in the soda bottle and cap securely.
		When the bottle is squeezed the diver’s air bubble will be compressed and be just small enough to cause the diver to sink to the bottle of the bottle.
	utminers.utep.edu /nugarte/activityexpansioncartesiandiver.htm (114 words)

	Cartesian Diver Prompt
		Write a paragraph describing how the diver works. Refer to the rubric for everything the paragraph should include to be well written.
		A Cartesian diver is a simple device to construct.
		If the diver sinks, remove some of the water and increase the size of the air bubble in the bulb.
	staffweb.psdschools.org /rjensen/gchemlabs/cartesiandiver.htm (375 words)

	The Cartesian-Robinsonian Diver (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		When water pressure in the bottle is increased, the air bubble is compressed and the diver sinks, and rises again when pressure is released.
		The diver basically demonstrates the relative compressibility of gas over liquid, and increasing pressure with depth.
		This means that varying the frequency of pressure signal sent to the diver causes one fin or the other to work more efficiently and the diver to turn left or right.
	www.efn.org /~danrob/tech/diver.htm (513 words)

	F2-03.HTML (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The location of the water surface inside the diver is indicated by the orange bob floating in the diver tube.
		When additional force is applied to the membrane the pressure in the tube increases, forcing more water into the diver tube and compressing the air in the tube, as indicated by the bob.
		Because the average density of the diver becomes greater than that of water, the diver sinks to the bottom.
	www.physics.umd.edu /lecdem/services/demos/demosf2/f2-03.htm (134 words)

	Cartesian Diver (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Create a Cartesian Diver with a capped two-liter pop bottle filled with water and a glass eye-dropper in it.
		The diver floated because the air went back in and made the diver lighter.
		The volume of the diver stays pretty much the same when the bottle is squeezed.
	www.huntel.net /rsweetland/science/discrepantEvnts/cartesianDvr.html (303 words)

	Cartesian Diver Density Science Kits and Toys
		This version of the Cartesian diver is cleverly disguised as a colorful squid affectionately called SQUIDY.
		Cartesian divers provide an amazing way to demonstrate and understand the science behind density and buoyancy.
		When you release the pressure on the bottle, the compressed air expands inside the packet and the diver floats to the top of the bottle.
	www.stevespanglerscience.com /product/1163 (561 words)

	Boyle's Law and Absolute Zero and Cartesian Diver (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Cartesian Diver: In a smaller sized class it would be possible to pass around a Cartesian diver for students to play with.
		Diver can be constructed using a 1 liter clear, plastic soda-pop bottle and an eye-dropper.
		When the bottle is squeezed, the increase in pressure forces water into the eye-dropper, compressing the air inside the dropper and reducing its volume.
	chemlearn.chem.indiana.edu /demos/Boyle.htm (740 words)

	The Cartesian Diver (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		As shown to the left of the title, first make the diver so that it just barely floats, and then cover the cylinder (or bottle) with an air-tight flexible closure such as a rubber membrane or even a stopper.
		However, close observation of the diver shows that upon pushing down on the membrane and compressing the air above the water, that pressure is transmitted into the diver compressing its gas to a similar degree.
		Since the gas in the diver displaces less water upon compression, its bouyancy is diminished.
	www.science-projects.com /C-Diver/C-Diver.htm (234 words)

	Exciting Scout Crafts - Cartesian Diver (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Make a diver by cutting a piece of straw about 2" long, fold it in half, and insert a paper clip in the straw to hold the two ends together.
		Hold the diver by the straw and place it into the water in the bottle.
		You are balancing the floatation of the diver against the pull of gravity.
	www.e-scoutcraft.com /science/cartesian_diver.html (412 words)

	Cartesian Diver intro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Cartesian divers were first noted by a student of Galileo Galilee!
		The advent of clear plastic bottles made Cartesian divers popular in school science classes, as well they should be.
		Unfortunately, some diver designs are either too expensive for large groups, or they hide what's going on inside the diver.
	www.sciencetoymaker.org /diver/index.html (221 words)

	Cartesian diver
		The diver is either a ball point pen cap, small vial or test tube, or the rubber bulb from an eyedropper.
		The reason this works is that as the bottle is squeezed, the water is forced into the diver, the only place it can go.
		The tiny bit of air in the diver is compressed, and the overall density of the diver increases, causing it to sink.
	bizarrelabs.com /cart.htm (323 words)

	New Page 0
		(If your diver is not properly “trained,” it will not respond to you; but, instead either sink like a rock or float like a cork.) Determine the necessary conditions that allow you to control the diver to either rise or sink.
		Specifically pay attention to what is happening to the eyedropper, why these things happen and how these are related to the sinking or falling condition of the diver.
		Could the diver be commanded to rise and fall if it did not have a hole in the bottom?
	physics.weber.edu /johnston/mundane/l_diver.htm (234 words)

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