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	Anthrax
		Anthrax is an infection caused by a bacterium (a type of germ) called Bacillus anthracis (B.
		Anthrax that occurs naturally in the environment isn't a huge threat.
		More than 95% of anthrax cases are of the cutaneous type, which is the least dangerous form.
	www.kidshealth.org /teen/misc/anthrax.html (845 words)

	Encyclopedia: Cases of anthrax (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		However, all of the anthrax within the letters were of the same strain.
		The second group of anthrax letters were mailed three weeks later on October 9 from Trenton NJ and addressed to two Democrat Senators, Tom Daschle of South Dakota, and Patrick Leahy of Vermont.
		The anthrax material in the Leahy letter was similar to the powder found in Daschle letter.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Cases-of-anthrax (1953 words)

	Anthrax Cases Still a Mystery
		However, more than a month after the first case of anthrax was identified in a tabloid photo editor in Florida, authorities acknowledge they have few leads in tracking the source of anthrax spores sent through the mail or possibly spread by other means.
		Hours after the first case was confirmed Oct. 4 involving photo editor Bob Stevens of Lantana, Fla., the CDC dispatched 12 disease fighters to the West Palm Beach area to help state and local health officials track down the source of the malady and contain it.
		If that is the case, it would back up what many anthrax authorities are beginning to suspect: that the old theory, which holds that a person has to breathe in at least 8,000 spores to become infected, no longer holds true.
	www.ph.ucla.edu /epi/bioter/anthraxcasesmystery.html (1393 words)

	Florida Anthrax Cases Spark Criminal Investigation
		Although the risk of anthrax infection is currently seen as quite low, as a preventive measure public health officials have begun to dispense antibiotics to hundreds of personnel who have worked in the building since August 1.
		The Florida anthrax cases were caused by an inhaled form of the bacterium, which is extremely rare in the United States.
		Finding anthrax in one person, finding it in a second person in the same workplace and then finding the bacteria's spores on a work surface is virtually an impossible coincidence, he said.
	www.ict.org.il /spotlight/det.cfm?id=687 (925 words)

	Anthrax
		Anthrax is an infection caused by a bacterium (a type of germ) called Bacillus anthracis (B.
		More than 95% of anthrax cases are of the cutaneous type, which is the least dangerous form.
		Pulmonary anthrax usually seems like a common cold or the flu at first, but it rapidly turns into severe pneumonia and requires hospitalization.
	kidshealth.org /teen/misc/anthrax.html (838 words)

	MSN Encarta - Print Preview - Anthrax (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Veterinarians, mill workers, laboratory researchers, and other people at risk of exposure to anthrax are generally vaccinated against the disease.
		Symptoms of inhaled anthrax initially resemble those of a cold or the flu—general aches and pains, fever, fatigue, cough, and mild chest pain.
		Inhaled anthrax is fatal unless the infected person has been vaccinated or antibiotics are administered soon after inhalation.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761577286___3/Anthrax.html (248 words)

	Anthrax, UC Davis Veterinary Medicine Extension (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		After an animal dies from anthrax, if the carcass is opened by a veterinarian during a necropsy, scavengers or by decay, the vegetative state is exposed to oxygen in the air.
		In many states, anthrax is a reportable disease meaning that your veterinarian will have to inform the state agency when cases of anthrax are suspected.
		Suspected cases of anthrax should be reported to your veterinarian first and then to state animal health agencies.
	www.vetmed.ucdavis.edu /vetext/INF-DA/INF-DA_Anthrax.html (1171 words)

	Anthrax Cases - Update
		As of November 7, a total of 22 cases of anthrax have been identified according to the CDC surveillance case definition; 10 were confirmed inhalational anthrax cases and 12 cases (seven confirmed and five suspected) were cutaneous anthrax.
		Recent cases of anthrax are attributed to intentional infection of persons and represent criminal acts that are being investigated by federal law enforcement agencies.
		Cases of ILI resulting from influenza and RSV infection generally peak during the winter; rhinoviruses and parainfluenza virus infections usually peak during the fall and spring; and adenoviruses circulate throughout the year.
	www.kcmo.org /health.nsf/web/hanacu110901?opendocument (2727 words)

	Anthrax, NIAID Fact Sheet
		Anthrax is an acute infectious disease caused by the spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium Bacillus anthracis.
		In October 2001, anthrax spores were sent through the U.S. mail and caused 18 confirmed cases of anthrax (11 inhalation, 7 cutaneous).
		Five individuals with inhalation anthrax died; none of the cutaneous cases was fatal.
	www.niaid.nih.gov /factsheets/anthrax.htm (1997 words)

	additional anthrax questions #2
		The cases of gastrointestinal anthrax have become ill because they ate meat that was not fully cooked or drank unpasteurized milk that came from animals sick with anthrax.
		Because widespread testing for exposure to anthrax was not completed prior to the September 11 terrorist attacks, we have no background data about levels of exposure, failure to treat, and subsequent development of anthrax.
		People ill with anthrax do not release anthrax bacteria or spores in ways that can generally make other people ill (the one exception is that anthrax lesions on the skin may weep and the fluids from them, if touched without gloves or hand washing, may cause cutaneous anthrax in others).
	www.state.sd.us /doh/Prepare/addanthrax2.htm (1454 words)

	CDC Media Relations: Press Release
		Based on a rigorous case definition, CDC is reporting 11 confirmed cases of anthrax: 2 in Florida, 3 in New York, 2 in New Jersey, and 4 in Washington, D.C. (in collaboration with MD and VA).
		CDC defines a confirmed case of anthrax as 1) a clinically compatible case of cutaneous, inhalational, or gastrointestinal illness that is laboratory confirmed by isolation of B.
		Cutaneous anthrax is marked by a boil-like lesion that eventually forms an ulcer with a fl center.
	www.cdc.gov /od/oc/media/pressrel/r011023p.htm (457 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Cutaneous anthrax (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Anthrax is caused by the bacteria Bacillus anthracis.
		Anthrax is a potential agent for use as a biological weapon or for bio-terrorism.
		If cutaneous anthrax is suspected, a culture of the skin lesions should be done to identify the bacteria that causes anthrax.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/000600.htm (721 words)

	CNN.com - CDC testing other possible cases of anthrax - October 18, 2001
		The cases involve individuals who have reported "skin lesions or exposure circumstances that are under active investigation," said Dr. Julie Gerberding, head of infection control for CDC.
		A sixth case -- involving a postal worker in New Jersey -- was confirmed later Thursday.
		In all three cases, the anthrax particles were finely ground, making them easier to travel in the air and be inhaled.
	archives.cnn.com /2001/HEALTH/conditions/10/18/anthrax (993 words)

	Kontrole Immune Support Supplement
		Anthrax is an acute infectious disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis.
		Anthrax intestinal disease form of anthrax cure may follow the consumption of contaminated meat and is characterized by an acute inflammation of the intestinal tract.
		Anthrax Syptoms is an acute infectious Symptoms disease caused by the spore-forming Anthrax bacterium Bacillus anthracis.
	www.kontrole.net (761 words)

	Anthrax Information
		Anthrax is an infectious disease caused by spores of the bacterium, Bacillus anthracis.
		The mortality rates from anthrax vary, depending on exposure, and are approximately 20% for cutaneous anthrax without antibiotics and 25 - 75% for gastrointestinal anthrax; inhalation anthrax has a fatality rate that is 80% or higher.
		During the trial, 26 cases of anthrax were reported at the mills - five inhalation and 21 cutaneous cases.
	www.fda.gov /cber/vaccine/anthrax.htm (774 words)

	Anthrax Program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Anthrax cases in northwestern Minnesota rose steadily throughout the summer of 2006.
		There have been few reported cases of anthrax in North and South Dakota this year, but the Canadian province of Saskatchewan has seen record levels of the disease.
		Minnesota’s first case in 2006 was identified when six head of cattle from a farm in Kittson County tested positive in mid-June.
	www.bah.state.mn.us /diseases/anthrax/anthrax_updates.html (125 words)

	Safety and Health Topics: Biological Agents
		Anthrax is an acute infectious disease caused by a spore-forming bacterium called Bacillus anthracis.
		Along with smallpox, anthrax, plague, botulism, and tularemia, hemorrhagic fever viruses are among the six agents identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as the most likely to be used as biological weapons.
		Discusses anthrax topics, such as who is at risk for anthrax exposure and what to do in case of an anthrax threat.
	www.osha.gov /SLTC/biologicalagents (704 words)

	Anthrax
		Anthrax is an infection caused by a bacterium, Bacillus anthracis.
		Anthrax received substantial attention in 2001 when multiple people were exposed to anthrax spores sent through the US mail.
		The cases in 2001 are believed to have been intentionally caused and raised concerns about the use of anthrax as a weapon.
	www.labtestsonline.org /understanding/conditions/anthrax.html (295 words)

	Update: Investigation of Anthrax Associated with Intentional Exposure and Interim Public Health Guidelines, October 2001
		Anthrax is an acute infectious disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium B.
		Inhalational anthrax is the most lethal form of anthrax and results from inspiration of 8,000--50,000 spores of Bacillus anthracis (3).
		Cutaneous anthrax is characterized by a skin lesion evolving from a papule, through a vesicular stage, to a depressed fl eschar.
	www.cdc.gov /mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5041a1.htm (2169 words)

	Search Tuna Report for anthrax (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		CDC: Anthrax Anthrax is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis....
		Anthrax is a potential agent for use as a biological weapon or bioterrorism....
		Anthrax is an acute infectious disease that can strike almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans, and affects a variety of tissues including the skin, intestine, kidney, meninges, conjunctiva and lymphatic system....
	www.searchtuna.com /ftlive2/971.html (3177 words)

	Human Ingestion of Bacillus Anthracis-Contaminated Meat --- Minnesota, August 2000
		Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium B.
		Gastrointestinal anthrax never has been documented in the United States because livestock are vaccinated for anthrax in areas where the disease is endemic; animals routinely are inspected by federal and state meat inspectors before, during, and after slaughter; and raw meat is eaten infrequently.
		Cases of anthrax in animals and cases of suspected human exposure should be reported immediately to the state health department, federal animal heath officials, and to CDC's National Center for Infectious Diseases, Meningitis and Special Pathogens Branch, telephone (404) 639-3158.
	www.cdc.gov /mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4936a1.htm (1434 words)

	IAFF: Stay Safe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		As of November 28, a total of 23 cases of anthrax have been identified by the Centers for Disease Control; 11 were confirmed as inhalational anthrax, and 12 (seven confirmed and five suspected) were cutaneous anthrax.
		The source of the anthrax exposure remains unknown in these two most recent cases, although attention has turned to an anthrax tainted postal facility in Wallingford, Connecticut.
		Public health officials have notified doctors and hospitals to remain alert to possible new cases of anthrax.
	www.iaff.org /safe/content/Anthrax/Florida.htm (219 words)

	The Florida anthrax cases
		And the one case of anthrax that he could reasonably assume he had caused was being diagnosed as being from natural causes.
		No trace of anthrax was ever found anywhere they had ever been, making it highly unlikely that they had ever been in contact with anthrax, but that didn’t matter.
		One of the odd things about the anthrax attacks was the fact that 7 of the 8 New York cases had been cutaneous (the exception being Kathy Nguyen), and both Florida anthrax cases had been inhalation.
	www.anthraxinvestigation.com /Florida.html (5474 words)

	CDC Anthrax \| What You Need To Know
		Anthrax is not known to spread from one person to another.
		Anthrax was deliberately spread through the postal system by sending letters with powder containing anthrax.
		Gastrointestinal anthrax is more serious because between one-fourth and more than half of cases lead to death.
	www.bt.cdc.gov /agent/anthrax/needtoknow.asp (811 words)

	CNN.com - CDC testing other possible anthrax cases - October 18, 2001
		The cases involve individuals who have reported "skin lesions or exposure circumstances that are under active investigation," she said.
		More than 50 laboratory personnel are processing hundreds of specimens around the clock to determine whether suspect substances contain anthrax, she said.
		As the flu season approaches, the number of suspected anthrax cases may rise, since flu symptoms mimic those of anthrax, Gerberding said.
	archives.cnn.com /2001/HEALTH/conditions/10/18/anthrax.cdc (756 words)

	American anthrax outbreak of 2001
		A seventh update was issued on November 30, 2001 on the 23rd anthrax case, arising under mysterious circumstances in Connecticut.
		A previously suspected case was removed by CDC in a ninth update of December 7, 2001, reducing the outbreak to 22 probable cases.
		Test results for anthrax contamination of the Brentwood Mail Processing and Distribution Center in the District of Columbia was presented by CDC in a tenth update of December 21, 2001.
	www.ph.ucla.edu /epi/bioter/detect/antdetect_intro_a.htm (1091 words)

	Kathy Nguyen & The Manhattan Anthrax Cases
		While still convinced that Kathy Nguyen contracted anthrax from the second mailing, the scientist thought it was a definite possibility that it could have been a result of the actions to find the anthrax-laced letters in New York after it became known that anthrax had been sent through the mails on September 18.
		Anthrax is not a contageous disease, and charting multiple attacks on a "wave chart" as if it were a contageous disease can lead to incorrect conclusions, as was almost certainly the situation with the Kathy Nguyen case.
		However the NY Post cases just before hers suggests that there may have been a local recycling of the NY risk and she tragically caught the back end of it because of her age increasing her risk.
	www.anthraxinvestigation.com /nguyen.html (2322 words)

	Understanding Anthrax
		As our nation responds to the cases of anthrax, many questions have arisen about the infection and our country's ability to cope with bioterrorism.
		Anthrax is an infection caused by a bacterium (a germ) called Bacillus anthracis.
		Assure kids that police and other agencies of the federal government (such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the FBI) are investigating all anthrax cases and are taking measures to ensure public safety.
	www.neahin.org /programs/environmental/anthrax.htm (343 words)

	BBC News \| AMERICAS \| New US anthrax cases emerge
		Mayor Giuliani said anthrax spores were found on a police officer who retrieved the envelope, as well as on two lab technicians, but added: "This does not mean that they have anthrax".
		In the New York case, it was confirmed on Saturday that a letter sent to NBC contained traces of anthrax.
		Experts believe the anthrax so far discovered is not the specially-made type of the disease which would be used in a biological warfare attack.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/americas/1599212.stm (801 words)

	Anthrax cases: related? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		As the number of anthrax cases continues to grow, involving states from Florida to New York to Nevada, the lack of a clear connection between them has left officials unsure of what to look for - and left many Americans eyeing their mail with a new level of suspicion.
		Likewise, law enforcement and public health officials have seen their resources stretched thin as they struggle to respond to a full range of potential threats, the vast majority of which have turned out to be hoaxes.
		The letter that infected one and possibly two NBC News employees in New York contained an unspecified threat to anchor Tom Brokaw, and was postmarked from Trenton, N.J. The one sent to a Microsoft branch in Reno, Nev., came from Malaysia and contained pornographic clippings.
	www.csmonitor.com /2001/1015/p1s2-usju.html (983 words)

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