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Topic: Casimir the Great

	Casimir III of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Casimir III the Great (Polish: Kazimierz Wielki), (1310-1370), King of Poland, son of king Władyslaw I Łokietek (Wladyslaw the Elbow-high), 1305-1333 and Jadwiga of Gniezno and Great Poland.
		Casimir the Great married firstly Anna, or Aldona Ona, the daughter of the prince of Lithuania, Gediminas.
		Casimir is the only Polish king who did receive and maintain the title of the great in Polish history (Boleslaw I Chrobry was once also called the great, but not today), and the title is well deserved.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Casimir_the_Great (936 words)

	POLAND - LoveToKnow Article on POLAND
		The great obstacle in the way of this, the only true solution of the difficulty, was the opposition of the Lithuanian magnates, who feared to lose the absolute dominancy they possessed in the grand-duchy if they were merged in the szlachta of the kingdom.
		Casimir the Great even tried to make municipal government as democratic as possible by enacting that one half of the town council of Cracow should be elected from the civic patriciate, but the other half from the commonalty.
		The great opportunity of the szlachta was, of course, the election of a new king, especially the election of a minor, an event always accompanied and succeeded by disorders.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /P/PO/POLAND.htm (18908 words)

	CASIMIR III. - LoveToKnow Article on CASIMIR III.
		Casimir belongs to that remarkable group of late medieval sovereigns who may be called the fathers of modern diplomacy, inasmuch as they relegated warfare to its proper place as the instrument of politics, and preferred the councilchamber to the battle-field.
		In his youth Casimir was considered frivolous and licentious; while his sudden flight from the field of Plowce, the scene of his fathers great victory over the Teutonic knights, argued but poorly for his personal courage.
		Fortunately Casimir was a mini of npnptrstin,i c~eniiis T-Tis fiitlier hsd hp~n ii 1,prn whri trusted entirely to his sword, yet the heroic struggle of a lifetime bad barely sufficed to keep at bay the numerous and potent foes with which Poland was environed.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /C/CA/CASIMIR_III_.htm (997 words)

	Encyclopedia: George II of Great Britain
		Sophia Dorothea of Hanover (March 16, 1686 – June 28, 1757) was a Princess of Hanover and of Great Britain, being the daughter of George I of Great Britain and Sophia of Celle.
		HRH Princess Augusta Sophia of Great Britain and Ireland, Princess of Hanover, Duchess of Brunswick and LÃ¼neburg was born on November 8th, 1768 at Buckingham House, Saint Jamess Park, London and died on September 22nd, 1840 at Clarence House, St....
		Louise of Hanover and of Great Britain (December 18, 1724 - December 19, 1751) was the youngest surviving daughter of George II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach, and became Queen consort of Denmark and Norway.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/George-II-of-Great-Britain (8423 words)

	Encyclopedia: Anne of Great Britain
		Anne was the last monarch of the House of Stuart; she was succeeded by a distant cousin, George I, of the House of Hanover.
		Bonnie Prince Charlie Charles Edward Louis John Casimir Silvester Maria Stuart (December 31, 1720 â€“ January 31, 1788), was the exiled claimant to the thrones of Great Britain and Ireland, commonly known as Bonnie Prince Charlie.
		Kingdom of Great Britain The Union Flag (1606-1800) The Kingdom of Great Britain, also sometimes known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was created by the merging of the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England under the 1707 Act of Union to create a single kingdom...
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Anne-of-Great-Britain (9991 words)

	SPAIN FROM FERDINAND AND ISABELLA TO PHILIP
		On the eastern coast of the peninsula was the crown of Aragon, consisting of Catalonia, Aragon, and Valencia.
		The rise of the great merchants and industrialists in the cities, and later the seizure of power by the craftsmen organized into guilds that came to dominate city governments, had made the histories of many cities a story of turbulence and upheaval.
		The great nobles sat on the Council of State and discussed matters of general policy; it was from their ranks that the stadtholders were chosen.
	www.ku.edu /carrie/texts/carrie_books/gilbert/18.html (16695 words)

	Casimir the Great (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Casimir the Great (1310-1370), the son of Ladislaus the Short and Poland's only king with the cognomen "Great".
		In 1339, in Visegrad, he concluded a treaty with the Hungarian king, under which the throne was to pass to the Angevins in the event of his childless death.
		He was the last ruler from the great Piast dynasty.
	www.artyzm.com /matejko/poczet/e_wielki.htm (171 words)

	Casimir III of Poland - Wikipedia
		Casimir III the Great (Kazimierz Wielki), was the son of Wladyslaw I the Short, King of Poland 1305-1333 and Jadwiga.
		Casimir's sister Elizabeth was associated with Charles I Robert, king of Hungary of the Anjou and Capet family dynasty.
		When Casimir III the Great died in 1370, Louis I the Great of Hungary succeded him to become king of Poland and Hungary.
	nostalgia.wikipedia.org /wiki/Casimir_III_of_Poland (136 words)

	JewishEncyclopedia.com - CASIMIR III., THE GREAT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Casimir appears to have protected the Jews against outbreaks of the mob in 1348, for the groundless accusation of the poisoning of wells by the Jews had traveled from Germany into Poland and had roused the populace against the latter.
		Polish historians ascribe the special favors and privileges bestowed on the Jews by Casimir to his love for Esther; but they are not correct in this ascription, since the privileges in question were confirmed by Casimir in 1334, twenty-two years, before his relations with Esther.
		Cracow was in Casimir's time one of the Hanse towns in alliance with forty other cities in Europe.
	www.jewishencyclopedia.com /view.jsp?artid=221&letter=C (514 words)

	Casimir III of Poland
		Casimir III or the Great (Kazimierz Wielki), (1310-1370), was the son of Wladyslaw Lokietek (Wladyslaw the Elbow High), King of Poland 1305-1333 and Jadwiga.
		Casimir the Great married Anna, or Aldona Ona, the daughter of the duke of Lithuania, Gediminas.
		When Casimir, the last Piast king of Poland, died in 1370, Louis I of Hungary succeeded him to become king of Poland and Hungary.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/casimir_iii_of_poland (490 words)

	[No title]
		The first act of that great drama was the attempt of reformers and patriots to destroy feudalism,--with its privileges and distinctions and injustices,--by unscrupulous and wild legislation, and to give a new constitution to the State.
		The spoliation of the clergy by the National Assembly was a great injustice, since it was not urged that the clergy had misused their wealth, or were neglectful of their duties, as the English monks were in the time of Henry VIII.
		These were among the great ideas which the reformers advocated, but which they did not know how practically to secure on those principles of justice which they abstractly invoked,--ideas never afterwards lost sight of, in all the changes of government.
	www.gutenberg.net /1/0/6/4/10640/10640.txt (16701 words)

	Casimir II of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Casimir II the Just (1138 - 5 May 1194; Polish: Kazimierz II Sprawiedliwy) of the Piast dynasty was the youngest son of Boleslaus III of Poland.
		Born shortly before or after his father's death, and omitted (possibly for that reason) from Boleslaus's will dividing the kingdom between Casimir's four elder brothers, he set about securing the territorial basis for a claim to power, gaining the dukedom of Wislica in 1167 and of Sandomierz in 1173.
		In 1180 he won acceptance by the nobility and clergy of the principle of hereditary succession to the Kraków dukedom, though it would take more than a century to restore the Polish kingship.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Casimir_II_of_Poland (189 words)

	Domestic-Church.Com:Saint Profile: Saint Casimir
		Casimir died in 1482, of tuberculosis when he was 24 years old, having spend his life serving a King higher than his father.
		Saint Casimir was the third among the thirteen children of Casimir III, King of Poland and Elizabeth of Austria.
		Casimir and his brothers were extremely fond of their teacher and begged him never to leave them for any other position.
	www.domestic-church.com /CONTENT.DCC/19980301/SAINTS/STCASIMR.HTM (1295 words)

	Medieval Times
		In 1320 the Polish crown was restored by Casimir III the Great (Kazimierz Wielki), who was a monarch of some renown, bestowing one of Europe's first universities on Krakow, and an extensive network of castles and fortifications on the country at large.
		It is said that Casimir the Great 'found Poland built of wood and left it built of masonry'.
		Casimir the Great was the last king of the Piast dynasty.
	www.experiencepoland.com /medievaltimes.html (535 words)

	History of Kazimierz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The next laws instituted by Casimir the Great, very protective toward the city, gave Cracow a privileged position in the Kingdom of Poland for three hundred years.
		During his reign, Casimir the Great was a man of strong temperament and a womanizer; he had several wives and concubines.
		Casimir the Great treated his subjects equally within the existing laws, and made sure the Jewish population had also the rights accorded to other citizens.
	www.polishnews.com /serceeuropy/history.html (1901 words)

	[No title]
		Casimir, prince of Poland, was born in the royal palace at Krakow on October 3, 1458.
		I would like to emphasize that St. Casimir lived in the royal court of his parents, Casimir IV the Great and Queen Elizabeth of Habsburg, to point out that he lived his life at court and became a saint there.
		The fact that St. Casimir became a saint living in a royal court shows that the court was a place where one can live and be a saint.
	www.traditioninaction.org /SOD/j010sdSt.Casimir3-4.htm (923 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The University of Cracow
		Casimir's school however, was refounded during the reign of Jagiello and Hedwig of the house of Anjou.
		At the time of the Council of Basil, the university and its chancellor were partisans of the council, and Olesnicki even accepted the cardinalate from Felix V. After the Union of Florence, Olesnicki went over to the side of Nicholas V, but the university did not submit to the control of the Church until 1449.
		The age of Olesnicki was one of great scholars, among whom were: the physician and astronomer, Martin Krol; the decretalist, Johann Elgot; the theologians Benedict Hesse and Jacobus of Paradyz.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04465a.htm (1703 words)

	Casimir II of Poland : Casimir III the Great (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Casimir II of Poland : Casimir III the Great
		Casimir "the Just" (1138-1194; Polish: Kazimierz Sprawiedliwy) of the Piast dynasty was the youngest son of Boleslaus III of Poland.
		It uses material from the wikipedia article Casimir II of Poland : Casimir III the Great.
	www.eurofreehost.com /ca/Casimir_III_the_Great.html (256 words)

	March 4 Saint (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Casimir was born in 1458, son of Casimir IV, king of Poland.
		When he was thirteen, Casimir had the chance to become king of neighboring Hungary, but he refused.
		Casimir was never healthy, yet he was courageous and strong in character.
	www.tntt.org /vni/tlieu/saints/St0304.htm (319 words)

	TABLE OF CONTENTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		While great nobles such as Klas Fleming, the ruler of Finland, refused to recognise any authority but that of the King, Charles and the Râd tried in vain to extort from him a guarantee of the Upsala Resolution, and failing this to prevent him from setting foot in Sweden.
		By also blockading Danzig, where a great Protestant community, careless of all interests save its own, grew rich upon the commerce of the Vistula, he was able to lay hands upon the customs dues of all Prussia and to make the war in a great measure self-supporting.
		Four great free schools, in Västeras, Strängnäs, Linköping, and Abo, were of his creation, and in 1624 he endowed the University of Upsala with more than three hundred manors, comprising almost the whole of his private estates.
	www.uni-mannheim.de /mateo/camenaref/cmh/cmh405.html (15520 words)

	Polish History - Part 3
		The latter won control of Little Poland, Great Poland, the Gdansk area of Pomerania and part of Kujawy, and had himself crowned in 1300 as the King of Poland.
		His son and successor, Casimir [Kazimierz] the Great (1333-1370), one of the most outstanding Polish rulers, made peace with the Teutonic Knights (1343), giving away Pomerania as "an eternal alms" to them.
		The successful rule of Casimir the Great was burdened with a personal and dynastic failure; despite having been married a couple of times the king had no lawful son.
	www.poloniatoday.com /history3.htm (1396 words)

	CASIMIR THE GREAT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Casimir II the Just (1138-1194; Polish: Kazimierz Sprawiedliwy) of the Piast dynasty was the youngest son of Boleslaus III of Poland.
		He organised a meeting of kings in Krakow in 1364 which showed the wealth of Polish kingdom.
		When he left the country, it has doubled in size, grew prosperous, wealthy and had great prospects to the future.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /definition/CASIMIR+THE+GREAT (604 words)

	Mamluk Rule: 1291-1516
		Following a fire in Posen where the original charter (written by Casimir the Great) granted the Jews "privileges," Casimir IV renews all their rights and makes his charter one of the most liberal in Europe.
		Casimir IV of Poland renews the rights of Jews and makes his charter one of the most liberal inl Europe.
		Casimir IV of Poland revokes the Jewish charter, at the insistence of Bishop Zbignev.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/History/mamluktime.html (570 words)

	THE KUZNIEWSKI & KNESKI STORY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		the Great (1333-1370), Poland's first great statesman in the modern sense of the word, who, by a most skilful system of matrimonial alliances, reintroduced isolated Poland into the European system, and gave the exhausted country an inestimably beneficial breathing space of thirty-seven years.
		Louis well deserved the epithet of "great" bestowed upon him by his contemporaries; but Poland formed but a small portion of his vast domains, and Poland's interests were subordinated to the larger demands of an imperial policy which embraced half Europe within its orbit.
		But in the ensuing anarchic period both cities were utterly ruined, and the centre of political gravity was transferred from Great Poland to Little Poland, where Cracow, singularly favoured by her position, soon became the capital of the monarchy, and one of the wealthiest cities in Europe.
	www.fiu.edu /~kneskij/1300s.html (1291 words)

	VH1.com : Movies : Movie : Casimir the Great, Part 2 : Plot
		The titular Casimir (played by Krzystof Chamiec) was a 14th century Polish hero who brought his backward country into the "modern" world.
		Casimir's rise to power after the death in 1333 of his father, Prince Wladyslaw I. Part Two shows Casimir restoring the monarchy to Poland, expanding the kingdom, challenging the Ottoman Empire, and gaining cultural acceptance for his homeland in the courts of Europe.
		Though available on videotape, Casimir the Great is virtually unknown outside of Poland.
	www.vh1.com /movies/movie/84630/plot.jhtml (165 words)

	Haddock Biographies Watertown
		His college training as an engineer has served him well, and his legal knowledge has been of great value to him in the two great emergencies which he was called of a sudden to face, when many of the employes of the road went out on strike.
		He has studied this development with great care, and with such results that he is now running daily the fastest railway train in the world, making nearly a mile a minute consecutively for 450 miles.
		Mink is a woman of broad spirit and and great force of character, which is proven by the office seeking the woman, and in every case she has been elected to office as the unanimous choice.
	www.rootsweb.com /~nyjeffer/hadwatn.htm (19151 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Poland - 14th Century
		Casimir's rule was a time of peace and prosperity for Poland.
		While most of Europe suffered severely from the GREAT PLAGUE of 1348/49 - the average population loss is estimated at one third - Poland was one of the few regions where it's effect was much less severe.
		A lower population density and a better nutrition of the population - the resources were not strained as much as in western Europe - will have contributed to this phenomenon.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/eceurope/casimir.html (355 words)

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