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Topic: Cassini

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	Giovanni Domenico Cassini - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cassini was an astronomer at the Panzano Observatory, from 1648 to 1669.
		Cassini was the first to make successful measurements of longitude by the method suggested by Galileo, using eclipses of the satellites of Jupiter as a clock.
		Cassini was employed by Pope Clement IX in regard to fortifications, river management, and flooding of the Po.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Giovanni_Domenico_Cassini (521 words)

	Cassini-Huygens - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cassini's instrumentation consists of: a synthetic aperture RADAR mapper, a CCD imaging system, a visible/infrared mapping spectrometer, a composite infrared spectrometer, a cosmic dust analyzer, a radio and plasma wave experiment, a plasma spectrometer, an ultraviolet imaging spectrograph, a magnetospheric imaging instrument, a magnetometer, an ion/neutral mass spectrometer.
		Cassini's launch trajectory did not bring it within suitable vicinity of any large metropolis and the design of the RTGs would mean that they would be very unlikely to even fracture in the case of a catastrophic mission abort.
		Cassini released the Huygens probe on 25 December 2004, by means of a spring.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cassini-Huygens (4687 words)

	Cassini-Huygens - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Cassini was being developed together with the Comet Rendezvous Asteroid Flyby (or CRAF) spacecraft, however, various budget cuts and rescopings of the project forced NASA to terminate the CRAF development in order to save Cassini.
		Cassini's instrumentation consists of: a radar mapper, a CCD imaging system, a visible/infrared mapping spectrometer, a composite infrared spectrometer, a cosmic dust analyzer, a radio and plasma wave experiment, a plasma spectrometer, an ultraviolet imaging spectrograph, a magnetospheric imaging instrument, a magnetometer, an ion/neutral mass spectrometer.
		Cassini had its first of numerous flybys of Saturn's largest moon, Titan, on July 2, 2004 when it approached to 339,000 kilometers (211,000 miles).
	wikipedia.lotsofinformation.com /wiki/index.php/Cassini_probe (4925 words)

	Cassini (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		In 1650, Cassini became professor of mathematics and astronomy at the University of Bologna, filling the chair which had been vacant since the death of Cavalieri at the end of November 1647.
		There were two sons from this marriage, the younger one Jacques Cassini being born in 1677 and eventually succeeding to his father's position as head of the Paris Observatory.
		Cassini's tables of Jupiter's moons were used to determine longitudes by providing a universal time with which to compare the local time at various positions on the Earth.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Mathematicians/Cassini.html (2115 words)

	Giovanni Domenico Cassini (1625-1712)
		In 1675, Cassini discovered that Saturn's rings are separated into two parts by a gap, which is now called Cassini Division in his honor; he (correctly) presumed that Saturn's rings were composed of myriads of small particles.
		Cassini was the founder of a dynasty of four astronomers in Paris: His son Jaques Cassini (Cassini II, 1677-1756), his grandson César François Cassini (Cassini III, 1714-84) and his grand-grandson Jean Dominique Cassini (Cassini IV, 1748-1845) followed him as directors of the Paris Observatory.
		He is reported by his son, Jacques Cassini, to have discovered a "nebula" somewhen before 1711 in the area between Canis Major and Canis Minor and "which was one of the finest to be seen in the telescope".
	www.seds.org /messier/xtra/Bios/cassini.html (594 words)

	Jet Propulsion Laboratory
		The Cassini mission to Saturn is the most ambitious effort in planetary space exploration ever mounted.
		Onboard Cassini is a scientific probe called Huygens that will be released from the main spacecraft to parachute through the atmosphere to the surface of Saturn's largest and most interesting moon, Titan, which is shrouded by an opaque atmosphere.
		Cassini will enter Saturn orbit July 1, 2004, and the Huygens probe will descend to the surface of Titan on January 14, 2005.
	www.jpl.nasa.gov /missions/current/cassini.html (242 words)

	Cassini-Huygens: Spacecraft
		Two elements comprise the spacecraft: The Cassini orbiter and the Huygens probe.
		The Cassini orbiter has 12 instruments and the Huygens probe had six.
		Cassini's instruments can be classified as remote and microwave remote sensing instruments, and fields and particles instruments--these are all designed to record significant data and take a variety of close-up measurements.
	saturn.jpl.nasa.gov /spacecraft/index.cfm (479 words)

	Giovanni Domenico Cassini
		Cassini interpreted this as a glorification of is chief Louis XIV., so maybe this was the reason that it lasted twelve years before Cassini still as the director of the Paris observatory announced the discovery of two more moons of Saturn: Dione and Tethys.
		In the meantime in 1675 Cassini was able to sign also for the discovery of the main 4450 kilometer gap within the Saturn rings, the Cassini division.
		Another discovery of Cassini is the zodiacal light, an exaterristical sky illumination on the ecliptic plane caused by interplanetary dust and the reflected sunlight within the dust.
	www.surveyor.in-berlin.de /himmel/Bios/Cassini-e.html (625 words)

	Cassini Prepares for Close Enceladus Encounter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Although the images that Cassini obtained on the February 17 encounter were spectacular (click here to view the latest Enceladus pictures), there will be much more to see in the March 9 encounter.
		Cassini will make the closest approach to Saturn on this orbit a distance of 3.5 Saturn radii from the planet (or 211,000 kilometers, or 131,000 miles), between the orbits of Mimas and Enceladus.
		Therefore, after passing by Enceladus Cassini will swing by Saturn at exactly the same altitude it did at last periapsis on February 17, and the views that Cassini will get of the giant planet over the next two weeks will be from the same perspective as they were during the last orbit.
	www.planetary.org /news/2005/cassini_enceladus04_plan_0308.html (1261 words)

	Cassini
		Cassini was launched on October 15, 1997 atop a Titan IV-Centaur rocket from Cape Canaveral, Florida.
		Cassini will first execute two gravity-assist flybys of Venus, then one each of the Earth and Jupiter to send it on to arrive at Saturn in July 2004.
		The launch vehicle, Cassini spacecraft and attached Centaur stage encased in a payload fairing, altogether stand about 183 feet tall; mounted at the base of the launch vehicle are two upgraded solid rocket motors.
	www.solarviews.com /eng/cassini.htm (739 words)

	Saturn Hailstorm
		An instrument onboard Cassini recorded a flurry of tiny particles pelting the spacecraft as it crossed Saturn's dusty ring plane.
		Innumerable bits of ring-dust were waiting for Cassini, and they plowed into the spacecraft at a relative speed of approximately 20 km/s.
		Cassini's Radio and Plasma Wave Science (RPWS) instrument was able to count these clouds; there were as many as 680 puffs per second.
	science.nasa.gov /headlines/y2004/09jul_hailstorm.htm (436 words)

	Giovanni Cassini Info - Encyclopedia WikiWhat.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Along with Hooke, Cassini is given credit for the discovery of the Great Red Spot (~1665).
		Cassini was the first to observe four of Saturn's moonss; he also discovered the Cassini Division (1675).
		Cassini was employed, by the Pope, in regards to fortifications, river management, and flooding of the Po.
	www.wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/g/gi/giovanni_cassini.html (187 words)

	ARRIVAL! Cassini Enters Orbit Around Saturn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Cassini snapped this image of Saturn on May 21, 2004 as it approaches the ringed planet.
		Cassini is now continuing to coast above the rings for approximately one hour and 44 minutes before its descent back through the ring plane.
		As Cassini begins surveying the Saturnian system, ahead for the spacecraft is at least 76 orbits around the ringed planet, including 52 close encounters with seven of Saturn's 31 known moons.
	www.space.com /scienceastronomy/cassini_saturn_040701.html (884 words)

	Giovanni Cassini
		He discovered that Saturn's Rings are split into two parts, and today the gap between them is called the "Cassini Division".
		Cassini studied hydrology and how to avoid the damaging floods that plagued Europe.
		His greatest mistakes were rejecting the Copernican model of the solar system and Newton's theory of universal gravitation.
	www.windows.ucar.edu /tour/link=/people/enlightenment/cassini.html (118 words)

	Mission: Cassini Huygens
		Cassini Huygens is an international collaboration to study Saturn and its largest moon, Titan.
		Cassini is the first spacecraft to make a long-term study of the Saturnian system.
		Imperial College London leads the team behind Cassini's MAG instrument, which is monitoring the speed and direction of Saturn's magnetic field.
	www.uk2planets.org.uk /m_cassini.htm (324 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Cassini
		The scientific objectives of the Cassini mission to study the planet Saturn, its rings and moons are explained by Charles Elachi, director of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
		First images from the Cassini flyby of Phoebe reveal it to be a scarred, cratered outpost with a very old surface and a mysterious past, and a great deal of variation in surface brightness across its surface.
		Cassini began the journey to the ringed world of Saturn nearly seven years ago and is now less than two months away from orbit insertion on June 30.
	www.spaceflightnow.com /cassini (5359 words)

	Saturn
		Cassini (a joint NASA / ESA project) arrived on July 1, 2004 and will orbit Saturn for at least four years.
		The gap between the A and B rings is known as the Cassini division.
		They are prominent in the Cassini images which also show some as yet unexplained wispy spiral structures.
	seds.lpl.arizona.edu /nineplanets/nineplanets/saturn.html (1441 words)

	ESA - Cassini-Huygens - Cassini spacecraft
		Cassini was the first planetary spacecraft to use solid-state recorders without moving parts instead of the older tape recorder.
		The Cassini spacecraft stands more than 6.7 metres high and is more than 4 metres wide.
		The magnetometer instrument is mounted on an 11-metre boom that extends outward from the spacecraft.
	www.esa.int /SPECIALS/Cassini-Huygens/SEM9D2HHZTD_0.html (379 words)

	The Cassini-Huygens Mission to Saturn and Titan
		The Cassini spacecraft was launched on October 15th, 1997.
		Cassini is now in orbit around Saturn and sending back data.
		This image shows Titan in ultraviolet and infrared wavelengths, taken by the Cassini spacecraft on 26 October 2004, during the close fly-by.
	www.ssd.rl.ac.uk /news/cassini (176 words)

	Encyclopedia: Cassini Huygens-Mission (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Had it suffered a malfunction that caused it to impact, it was estimated by NASA's Cassini final environmental impact study [13] (http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/spacecraft/safety-eis.cfm) that a significant fraction of the plutonium contents of the RTGs would have been dispersed into Earth's atmosphere.
		Cassini information (http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/cassini.html) by the National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC).
		Cassini's Tour de Saturn part A (http://www.spacedaily.com/news/cassini-01a.html), B (http://www.spacedaily.com/news/cassini-01b.html), C (http://www.spacedaily.com/news/cassini-01c.html), D (http://www.spacedaily.com/news/cassini-01d1.html), E (http://www.spacedaily.com/news/cassini-01e.html), F (http://www.spacedaily.com/news/cassini-01f1.html) - descriptions of the 4-year tour of Saturn by Bruce Moomaw
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Cassini-Huygens_Mission (3921 words)

	NASA - Colorful Saturn, Getting Closer
		As Cassini coasts into the final month of its nearly seven-year trek, the serene majesty of its destination looms ahead.
		The spacecraft's cameras are functioning beautifully and continue to return stunning views from Cassini's position, 1.2 billion kilometers (750 million miles) from Earth and now 15.7 million kilometers (9.8 million miles) from Saturn.
		Cassini mission scientists hope to determine the exact composition of this material.
	www.nasa.gov /mission_pages/cassini/multimedia/pia06060.html (266 words)

	ASP.NET.4GuysFromRolla.com: Looking for a Free, Open-Source, .NET Web Server? Introducing Cassini
		By shipping Cassini on the CD, you could simply serve the ASP.NET Web pages off the CD on a user's computer, without having to worry if they had IIS installed (granted, they would need to have the.NET Framework installed, and be using Windows 2000 or Windows XP...).
		Realize that Cassini is not a substitute for IIS - it lacks many important features of IIS (such as auditing/logging, support for SSL, etc.); rather, Cassini is aimed for developers that want a quick and easy way to test their ASP.NET Web pages, even on Windows XP Home.
		The Cassini source code, which is relatively short and easy to follow, requires the.NET Framework and Windows 2000 or the one of the Windows XP family operating systems in order to run.
	aspnet.4guysfromrolla.com /articles/082702-1.aspx (988 words)

	THE CASSINI PLUTONIUM LAUNCH, OCT. 6, 1997
		An accident at the launch pad, or during Cassini's Aug. 1999 Earth "flyby," would be beyond catastrophic, as plutonium, the most toxic substance known would be released over a wide area.
		John Pike, head of space policy at the Federation of American Scientists, says the odds of a Titan IV rocket failure during launch are "between one in 10 and one in 20." A Titan IV blew up 101 seconds after launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base in 1993.
		NASA's own Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for Cassini states that if the probe dips into the Earth's atmosphere during the "flyby," a sizeable portion of the plutonium fuel would be released, much of it as respirable particles.
	www.rtis.com /reg/bcs/pol/touchstone/september97/worsham.htm (775 words)

	Cassini on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Gian Domenico Cassini, 1625-1712, was born in Italy and distinguished himself while at Bologna by his studies of the sun and planets, particularly Jupiter; he determined rotational periods for Jupiter, Mars, and Venus.
		His son Jacques Cassini, 1677-1756, took over the observatory after 1700 and continued the mapping of the Paris meridian, adding to it a measurement of the perpendicular to the arc in 1733-34.
		The triumph of the opposing Newtonian hypothesis of the flattening of the earth caused him to retire in 1740, and he was replaced by his son, Cesar-François Cassini de Thury, 1714-84, who continued his father's geodesic work and planned the first modern map of France.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/C/Cassini.asp (762 words)

	Catalog Page for PIA05421
		The images that make up this composition were obtained from Cassini's vantage point beneath the ring plane with the narrow angle camera on June 21, 2004, at a distance of 6.4 million kilometers (4 million miles) from Saturn.
		Cassini's images show that color variations in the rings are more pronounced in this viewing geometry than they are when seen from Earth.
		Since pure water ice is white, it is believed that different colors in the rings reflect different amounts of contamination by other materials such as rock or carbon compounds.
	photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov /catalog/PIA05421 (313 words)

	The Cassini Debate--and Beyond
		Cassini's RTG's were designed to contain their plutonium on launch and to the greatest extent possible in an inadvertant re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere on flyby in Aug 1999.
		In view of the multiple major conflicts between NASA's claims and the SER findings, and NASA's gross error in the carcinogenicity of Plutonium, NASA should not be permitted to risk thousands of civilian lives by the Flyb-By without an evaluation by an independent scientific group such as the National Academy of Sciences.
		The optimum time to safely redirect the Cassini space probe to cancel plans for a dangerous Earth flyby maneuver is well before June 24, 1999, which is the date NASA plans to send the probe toward Earth from the the final Cassini Venus flyby.
	www.rain.org /~openmind/cassini.htm (948 words)

	Stop Cassini: NASA'S Deadly Plutonium Probe
		Cassini is an unmanned NASA deep space probe which was launched in October, 1997 Although the probe will ultimately be headed towards Saturn, it first headed towards Venus and has already done one flyby's of that planet.
		The isotope of plutonium used in Cassini, Pu-238, is especially dangerous because of it's rapid rate of radioactive decay.
		Cassini is part of the problem, it is not part of the solution.
	animatedsoftware.com /cassini (2302 words)

	CASSINI / HUYGENS - Remote sensing probe to Saturn
		The spacecraft comprises an orbiter (CASSINI), which will orbit Saturn for at least three years with numerous flybys of Titan, and a probe (HUYGENS), which will descend to the surface of the moon Titan.
		The UK involvement in the Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem is through software developed at the CIC.
		This project is developing models, techniques and software using altimeter data from sources, (both terrestrial and space), in support of the Cassini RADAR facility instrument.
	www.ssd.rl.ac.uk /ssd/cassini/cassini.html (861 words)

	STOP CASSINI: The Plutonium Probe -- Main Table of Contents page
		Cassini was a bad idea and so is New Horizons.
		A noted solar scientist's discussion of the solar alternative for Cassini, and a response by him to a pro-nuclear Cassini statement by George William Herbert.
		Although Cassini was launched as planned in October, 1997, there are still be many good reasons to try to alter the trajectory and avoid the dangerous Earth flyby scheduled for August, 1999.
	www.animatedsoftware.com /cassini/cassini.htm (2349 words)

	Universe Today - Saturn's Death Star Moon: Mimas
		Mimas is 398 km (247 miles) across, and that's not a superlaser you see, but a giant crater called Herschel, which is a third the size of the moon itself.
		Cassini took this image on July 3, 2004, when the spacecraft was 1.7 million km (1 millions miles) away.
		Cassini will get a better view on August 2, 2005, when the spacecraft makes a distant flyby of heavily cratered moon.
	www.universetoday.com /am/publish/saturns_death_star_mimas.html (400 words)

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