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Topic: Cassini Regio

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	Encountering Iapetus Photo
		The uniform appearance of the dark materials at the equator, the apparent thinning and spottiness of the dark materials at progressively higher latitudes and dark wispy streaks near the distal margin of Cassini Regio strongly suggest that dark material was emplaced as a coating.
		Thus, Cassini Regio may have had its origin in plume-style eruptions in which dark particulate materials accumulated on the surface as fallout, perhaps in conjunction with the creation of the equatorial ridge.
		Cassini acquired the images in this mosaic with its narrow angle camera on Dec. 31, 2004, at a distance of about 172,400 kilometers (107,124 miles) from Iapetus and at a Sun-Iapetus-spacecraft, or phase, angle of 50 degrees.
	www.spaceimages.com /eniaph.html (723 words)

	Seasons of Ice and Shadow: Cassini at Saturn - 2006 Wall Calendar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		PIA06155: Cassini captured Dione against the globe of Saturn as it approached the icy moon for its close rendezvous on Dec. 14, 2004.
		The images were taken with the Cassini spacecraft's narrow-angle camera at a distance of approximately 62,000 kilometers (38,500 miles) from Hyperion and at a Sun-Hyperion-spacecraft, or phase, angle of 52 degrees.
		The images were obtained with the Cassini spacecraft wide-angle camera at a distance of approximately 39,000 kilometers (24,200 miles) from Dione and at a Sun-Dione-spacecraft, or phase, angle of 22 degrees.
	www.ehartwell.com /2006/Cassini2006.htm (3285 words)

	Giovanni Domenico Cassini (1625-1712)
		In 1675, Cassini discovered that Saturn's rings are separated into two parts by a gap, which is now called Cassini Division in his honor; he (correctly) presumed that Saturn's rings were composed of myriads of small particles.
		Cassini was the founder of a dynasty of four astronomers in Paris: His son Jaques Cassini (Cassini II, 1677-1756), his grandson César François Cassini (Cassini III, 1714-84) and his grand-grandson Jean Dominique Cassini (Cassini IV, 1748-1845) followed him as directors of the Paris Observatory.
		He is reported by his son, Jacques Cassini, to have discovered a "nebula" somewhen before 1711 in the area between Canis Major and Canis Minor and "which was one of the finest to be seen in the telescope".
	www.seds.org /messier/xtra/Bios/cassini.html (558 words)

	SFL ORG. News Center Cassini Gallery From Dark to Bright and Red to White (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Cassini's landmark investigation of Saturn's yin-yang moon Iapetus, with its bright and dark hemispheres, continues to provide insights into the nature of this intriguing body.
		The image was obtained with the Cassini spacecraft narrow-angle camera on April 8, 2006, at a distance of approximately 866,000 kilometers (538,000 miles) from Iapetus and at a Sun-Iapetus-spacecraft, or phase, angle of 88 degrees.
		The images were acquired with the Cassini spacecraft narrow-angle camera on April 9, 2006, at a distance of approximately 692,000 kilometers (430,000 miles) from Iapetus and at a Sun-Iapetus-spacecraft, or phase, angle of 101 degrees.
	www.sflorg.com /control_room/cassini/chg052206_01.html (437 words)

	Iapetus, A Moon of Saturn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Cassini was designed to pivot while moving in order to keep its cameras and other remote sensing instruments pointed 'on target' with great precision.
		The image was taken with the Cassini spacecraft narrow-angle camera on March 19, 2005, through spectral filters sensitive to wavelengths of infrared light centered at 752 nanometers.
		Cassini’s distance from Iapetus ranged from 880,537 to 716,678 kilometers (547,140 to 445,323 miles) between the two images, and the Sun-Iapetus-spacecraft, or phase, angle changed from 21 to 22 degrees.
	www.solarviews.com /eng/iapetus.htm (2928 words)

	Cassini Mission to Saturn - Military Photos
		Cassini's confirmation that a small moon orbits within the Keeler gap in Saturn's rings is made all the more exciting by this image, in which the disk of the 7 kilometer-wide body (4-miles) is resolved for the first time.
		The sharp inner boundary of the division (left of center) is the outer edge of the massive B ring and is maintained by the gravitational influence of the moon Mimas.
		Cassini's celestial sleuthing has paid off with this time-lapse series of images which confirmed earlier suspicions that a small moon was orbiting within the narrow Keeler gap of Saturn's rings.
	www.militaryphotos.net /forums/showthread.php?t=93202 (2106 words)

	Giovanni Domenico Cassini - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cassini, also known as Giandomenico Cassini, was born in Perinaldo, Imperia, at that time in the Republic of Genoa.
		Cassini was an astronomer at the Panzano Observatory, from 1648 to 1669.
		Cassini was the first to observe four of Saturn's moons, which he called Sidera Lodoicea; he also discovered the Cassini Division (1675).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Giovanni_Domenico_Cassini (673 words)

	The Open Door Web Site : History of Science and Technology : Giovanni Domenico Cassini
		Cassini became a member of the Academie Royale des Sciences and was promoted to director of the Paris Observatory in the same year.
		Cassini was also involved in the publication of a Moon map in 1692.
		A Cassini Crater also exists on Mars and Cassini Regio is a cratered region on Iapetus that almost covers one half of the satellite.
	www.saburchill.com /HOS/astronomy/017.html (444 words)

	Iapetus (moon)
		On December 31, 2004, the Cassini spacecraft passed within 123,000 kilometers/77,000 miles of Iapetus and photographed Cassini Regio at far a higher resolution than Voyager was able, but the mystery surrounding its origin has only deepened.
		A further mystery was discovered when the Cassini spacecraft imaged Iapetus on December 31, 2004, and revealed an equatorial ridge about 20 km wide and 13 km high extending 1300 km through the center of Cassini Regio[5].
		Some bright mountains near the boundary of Cassini Regio that apparently belong to this ridge were seen in Voyager photos; however, the Voyagers were unable to make out any details in the dark region itself, so the extent of the ridge is only now apparent.
	www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/Astro/Iapetus.html (1471 words)

	Iapetus
		In December 2004, the Cassini spacecraft discovered a further extraordinary feature of Iapetus: a topographic ridge that coincides almost exactly with the geographic equator.
		The scene in the image above is dominated by the dark, heavily-cratered region, called Cassini Regio, that covers nearly an entire hemisphere of Iapetus.
		Another theory holds that the dark coating consists of debris that was ejected by impact events on dark, outer satellites of Saturn, such as Phoebe, and then swept up by Iapetus as it moved in its orbit.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/I/Iapetus.html (913 words)

	New Pictures From The Saturn Mission - bargainshare.com
		Cassini pierced the ring plane and rounded Saturn on Oct. 27, 2004, capturing this view of the dark portion of the rings.
		The image was taken with the Cassini spacecraft wide angle camera on Oct. 27, 2004, at a distance of about 618,000 kilometers (384,000 miles) from Saturn through a filter sensitive to wavelengths of infrared light centered at 1001 nanometers.
		Cassini crossed Saturn's rings without mishap in June 2004 and produced the most revealing photos yet of the rings and massive gas-giant.
	www.bargainshare.com /index.php?showtopic=47653 (3125 words)

	Space Today Online - Cassini explores the Saturn system - Huygens explores Titan
		Cassini sent home new evidence that Saturn's moon Phoebe is an outsider that wandered in from deep space and was captured by the planet's gravity.
		Tucked away securely on the Cassini spacecraft, in a shallow aluminum box with two plates around it to protect it from micro-meteoroids, is a DVD disc imprinted with 616,400 electronic signatures and paw prints of people, dogs and cats from 81 countries on Earth.
		The Cassini project is managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) at Pasadena, California, for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. JPL is a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
	www.spacetoday.org /SolSys/Saturn/CassiniSaturnNews.html (8077 words)

	Pubs.GISS: Abstract of Porco et al. 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem acquired high-resolution imaging data on the outer Saturnian moon, Phoebe, during Cassini's close flyby on 11 June 2004 and on Iapetus during a flyby on 31 December 2004.
		Iapetus's dark leading side (Cassini Regio) is ancient, heavily cratered terrain bisected by an equatorial ridge system that reaches 20 kilometers relief.
		Local albedo variations within and bordering Cassini Regio suggest mass wasting of ballistically deposited material, the origin of which remains unknown.
	pubs.giss.nasa.gov /abstracts/2005/Porco_etal_2.html (130 words)

	Cassini moves on to Rev 18 and captures lots of Iapetus images - The Planetary Society Blog \| The Planetary Society
		Since November 1 Cassini has been performing daily observations of Iapetus -- the orbits of Iapetus and Cassini lined up so that Cassini was near Iapetus' orbital position at just about the same time it reached its farthest orbital apoapsis for many months, more than 27 times Saturn's diameter away from the planet.
		And because Cassini and Iapetus were traveling in the same direction and moving with relatively slow speed with respect to each other, the encounter has been a very leisurely one, allowing Cassini to grab lots and lots of images and spectral data.
		A composite of red, green, and blue images from Cassini's November 12, 2005 approach to Iapetus shows two of the giant impact basins in Iapetus' dark Cassini Regio.
	www.planetary.org /blog/article/00000260 (358 words)

	Astronomy & Space News: Saturn & Cassini-Huygens (Night Sky Observer) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		During its closest flyby of Saturn's moon Titan on April 16, the Cassini spacecraft came within 1,027 kilometers (638 miles) of the moon's surface and found that the outer layer of the thick, hazy atmosphere is brimming with complex hydrocarbons.
		Scientists, using Cassini's magnetometer instrument for their studies, say the source may be volcanism, geysers, or gases escaping from the surface or the interior.
		Cassini is swooping in towards Saturn, aiming for, the mission's fourth close flyby and gravity assist from the giant moon Titan.
	www.nightskyobserver.com /saturn-news.php (6803 words)

	Encountering Iapetus
		The scene is dominated by a dark, heavily-cratered region, called Cassini Regio, that covers nearly an entire hemisphere of Iapetus (1,436 kilometers 892 miles across).
		The uniform appearance of the dark materials at the equator, the apparent thinning and spottiness of the low albedo materials at progressively higher latitudes, and dark wispy streaks near the distal margin of Cassini Regio strongly suggest that dark material was ballistically emplaced as a coating.
		Cassini acquired the images in this mosaic with its narrow angle camera on December 31, 2004, from a distance of about 172,400 kilometers (107,124 miles) from Iapetus and at a Sun-Iapetus-spacecraft, or phase, angle of 50 degrees.
	ciclops.org /view.php?id=706 (838 words)

	The Black and White Ball
		The scene is dominated by a dark region, called Cassini Regio, that covers nearly an entire hemisphere of Iapetus.
		Cassini acquired the images in this mosaic with its narrow angle camera on Dec. 31, 2004, at a distance of about 172,400 kilometers (107,124 miles) from Iapetus.
		Look for a faint column of light rising up along the ecliptic just after the sky gets dark: this is light reflected from dust in the ecliptic plane, left over from the formation of the solar system.
	ephemeris.sjaa.net /0503/f.html (759 words)

	JPL.NASA.GOV: News Releases
		In this image of Iapetus, the prominent linear ridge in the center of the dark area - a place known as Cassini Regio - marks the equator quite closely.
		Images returned by NASA's Cassini spacecraft cameras during a New Year's Eve flyby of Saturn's moon Iapetus (eye-APP-eh- tuss) show startling surface features that are fueling heated scientific discussions about their origin.
		It was Cassini, for whom the Cassini-Huygens mission is named, who correctly deduced that one side of Iapetus was dark, while the other was white.
	www.jpl.nasa.gov /news/news.cfm?release=2005-005 (523 words)

	Cassini Regio (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Photomosaic of Cassini 2004, showing images taken Dec. 31, newly discovered large craters, and the the dark Cassini Regio, equatorial ridge...
		Mars Crater was multiply honored by the astronomical (or Cassini I) Cassini (23.8N, Regio on...
		Regio, that covers nearly The scene by a dark, heavily-cratered region, called Cassini is dominated an entire hemisphere of Iapetus (1436 kilometers 892...
	cassiniacdf.bohyuswi.info (719 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Cassini
		The scientific objectives of the Cassini mission to study the planet Saturn, its rings and moons are explained by Charles Elachi, director of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
		First images from the Cassini flyby of Phoebe reveal it to be a scarred, cratered outpost with a very old surface and a mysterious past, and a great deal of variation in surface brightness across its surface.
		Cassini began the journey to the ringed world of Saturn nearly seven years ago and is now less than two months away from orbit insertion on June 30.
	spaceflightnow.com /cassini/index.html (5359 words)

	The Random Walk
		Cassini's ISS system records images with a depth of 12-bits (4096 gray shades) as opposed to the personal computing standard of 8-bits (256 gray shades) in any given channel.
		Andrew Gray suggested on this USENET thread that the big crater in Cassini Regio might be Roland, a 144-km wide basin seen in Voyager 2 coverage of Iapetus' north pole.
		Cassini is scheduled for a close encounter with Iapetus, examining the edge of Cassini Regio in detail, during mid 2007, which will test this, and other hypothesis.
	therandomwalk.blogspot.com (2689 words)

	Centauri Dreams » 2004 » December
		The dark terrain of the Cassini Regio on Iapetus will be the imaging target of the Cassini Saturn orbiter as it whisks past the moon at 2 kilometers per second later today.
		The course change was needed both to prevent Cassini from following the free-falling Huygens probe into Titan’s atmosphere and to set up the required positioning for communications between Cassini and Huygens during the latter’s atmospheric entry and descent.
		The Huygens probe separation from the Cassini Saturn orbiter is scheduled to occur late this evening; according to this JPL press release, NASA expects a confirmation of the maneuver around 11 PM EST.
	www.centauri-dreams.org /?m=200412 (846 words)

	Iapetus Spins and Tilts
		Saturn’s two-faced moon tilts and rotates for Cassini in this mesmerizing movie sequence of images acquired during the spacecraft’s close encounter with Iapetus on November 12, 2005.
		Cassini approached over the moon’s northern hemisphere, allowing for excellent full views of a 575-kilometer (360-mile) wide impact basin in northeastern Cassini Regio.
		Also prominent in these images is a 380-kilometer (235-mile) wide basin to the northwest of the larger basin, in the transition zone between Cassini Regio and a brighter region called Roncevaux Terra, with its 150-kilometer (95-mile) wide crater Roland (at top, with a prominent central peak).
	ciclops.org /view.php?id=1707 (350 words)

	Image of the Day : Cassini Eyes Strange Moon, Iapetus
		NASA's Cassini spacecraft snapped this image of Saturn's icy moon Iapetus on Dec. 31, 2004 at a range of about 44,725 miles (71,978 kilometers).
		Imaging coverage of Iapetus by Cassini was focused primarily on the dark terrain of Iapetus' leading hemisphere, in the area known as Cassini Regio.
		Images from this Cassini flyby are superior in resolution to those obtained by Voyager 2 in August 1981, officials said.
	www.space.com /imageoftheday/image_of_day_050103.html (148 words)

	[No title]
		A direct measurement of the spectrum will allow an unbiased comparison of Cassini Regio with spectra of laboratory samples and spectra of other outer solar system objects and therefore offer an additional key to the origin question.
		This is sufficient for disk-resolved spectrophotometry of Cassini Regio.
		The ADU (for gain=14) will be about 200 for "Cassini Regio pixels", and approximately 3000 for "polar pixels".
	www.stecf.org /poa/FOS/props/6803.prop (828 words)

	Universe Today - Iapetus in Dark and Light
		Tue, 23 May 2006 - Cassini captured these images of Saturn's moon Iapetus, with opposing bright and dark hemispheres.
		The dark terrain extends from the equator to the mid southern regions, and then becomes more patchy leading to its bright south pole.
		Cassini took this photograph on April 9, 2006, at a distance of approximately 692,000 kilometers (430,000 miles) from Iapetus.
	www.universetoday.com /am/publish/iapetus_dark_light.html (541 words)

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