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Topic: Castillo De San Cristobal

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	San Juan, Puerto Rico (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		San Juan is located in the Northern Coastal Plains region in the karst zone, north of Aguas Buenas and Caguas; east of Bayamón; and west of Carolina and Trujillo Alto.
		San Juan is a major port and tourist resort of the West Indies and is the oldest city under the U.S flag.
		The Puerta de San Juan (San Juan Gate) was built in the late 1700s, is one of six heavy wooden doors in the wall which for centuries were closed at sundown to cut off access to the city and protect the city from invaders.
	welcome.topuertorico.org /city/sanjuan.html (3862 words)

	Accredited schools \| EXITO LINGUA San Juan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Old San Juan is a 7-square-block area that was once completely enclosed by a wall erected by the Spanish with slave labor.
		Walk northwest along Paseo de la Princesa toward San Juan Gate, which marks the end of the promenade and is one of the old city's original seaside entrances.
		San Juan citizens celebrate the city's patron saint by walking backward into the ocean three times to ward off evil spirits and renew good luck for the coming year.
	www.exitolingua.org /learn_spanish_puerto_rico_san_juan/city.htm (3057 words)

	Fort San Felipe del Morro - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fort San Felipe del Morro —or El Castillo San Felipe del Morro in Spanish— is a sixteenth-century citadel that lies on the northwestern-most point of the islet of San Juan, Puerto Rico.
		During the assault of the city by Francis Drake in 1595, a chain was drawn across the entrance to the bay.
		The fort was begun in 1539 by Spanish settlers to defend the port of San Juan.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fort_San_Felipe_del_Morro (950 words)

	San Juan (Puerto Rico)/Old San Juan - Wikitravel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Although this eight block by eight block district is part of the San Juan, it is quite geographically and culturally distinct from the rest of the city.
		Castillo San Cristóbal is one of the largest Spanish fortresses in the new world, and has a National Park Service visitor center off of Avienda Luis Muñoz Rivera.
		Castillo San Felipe del Morro (or el Morro) is a citadel with a commanding view of the entrance to San Juan Harbor, located at the end of Calle Norzagaray.
	wikitravel.org /en/San_Juan_(Puerto_Rico)/Old_San_Juan (1509 words)

	Travel
		SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico - El Morro may be the fort of all forts.
		The fort’s official name is Castille de San Felipe del Morro or the Castle of St. Philip of the Headland.
		Key attractions include La Fortaleza, a fortress from 1533 that became the governor’s mansion, and the Cathedral de San Juan that was built in the 1520s, wiped out by a hurricane and rebuilt in 1540.
	www.gmtoday.com /news/travel/travel_vacation/topstory01.asp (1199 words)

	La Garita - San Juan
		San Juan is the OLDEST CITY under the U.S. flag.
		Castillo de San Felipe del Morro (El Morro) - Construction of the castle and fortress was begun in 1533.
		San Juan Gate is the oldest surviving gate of the San Juan wall and the city's first ceremonial entrance, used whenever high-ranking government or religious officials visited the island.
	www.elboricua.com /lagarita.html (590 words)

	HABS/HAER/HALS: Titles: 63
		Castillo de San Christobal, Boulevard Norzagaray, San Juan, San Juan County, PR
		Castillo de San Cristobal, San Carlos Ravelin, San Juan, San Juan County, PR
		Castillo San Cristobal,Ravelin, Puerta de Tierra, San Juan, San Juan County, PR
	lcweb2.loc.gov /pp/hhhtml/hhTitles63.html (1116 words)

	The Forts of Old San Juan--Reading 2
		San Juan's first defensive building was Casa Blanca, a substantial structure used to store weapons and government funds.
		Named San Juan de la Cruz (St. John of the Cross), it is usually called El Cañuelo after the tiny island on which it was built.
		Castillo de San Cristóbal (St. Christopher Fort) is the largest fortress built by the Spanish in the Americas.
	www.cr.nps.gov /nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/60sanjuan/60facts2.htm (971 words)

	National Park Service - San Juan National Historic Site
		Welcome to Castillo de San Cristobal, the largest fortification ever built by the Spanish in the New World.
		1797 - Another attack on San Juan from the land side by a British invasion force of 7,000 men commanded by Sir Ralph Abercromby halted at the Escambron defenses, a mile from San Cristobal.
		1897 -A large segment of 18th century walls are dynamited from San Cristobal to the docks to allow San Juan to expand.
	www.nps.gov /saju/sancristobal.html (410 words)

	San Juan
		Settled in 1521 by Ponce de León, San Juan is one the city on U.S. soil and the second oldest city in the Western Hemisphere (Santo Domingo in the Dominican Republic was founded 25 years earlier).
		Old San Juan remains partially enclosed by walls which were built 500 years ago to protect San Juan harbor.
		The streets of Old San Juan are paved with adonquines, small blue-gray glazed bricks cast from the residue of iron furnaces in Spain, and brought to the Americas as ballast in the Spanish galleons.
	www.oravec.com /san_juan.htm (557 words)

	Puerto Rico
		San Juan City Hall has been located at its current address since 1605, although the original building was heavily remodeled in the 1840's, providing its present day façade modeled after the Alcaldía in Madrid.
		Just west of Fort San Cristóbal, the strategic area of El Morro, or headland, was initially fortified in 1539 with a small fortress used to defend the San Juan Bay.
		As a fortified city, San Juan had six massive doors at different points in the surrounding walls, which were closed at sundown to protect its inhabitants.
	faculty.ucc.edu /psysoc-hu/context.htm (2471 words)

	Travel in San Juan - Puerto Rico - Culture - WorldTravelGate.net®- (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		At times, parts of San Juan can seem like any US city with a large Latino population, but dig a little deeper or get into the countryside and you'll find a complex Creole culture that certainly won't be erased by the arrival of Budweiser and Burger King.
		The walled city of Old San Juan is a seven-square-block historic precinct of narrow cobblestoned streets, pastel-colored colonial architecture and shady plazas.
		Construction of San Cristobal was began after 1598, when the Earl of Cumberland's English forces took El Morro by siege, demonstrating the need for land defences.
	www.americatravelling.net /puerto_rico/san_juan/san_juan_culture.htm (733 words)

	National Park Service - Explorers and Settlers (San Juan National Historic Site)
		Castillo de San Felipe del Morro (Castle of St. Philip on the Headland) rises 140 feet above the sea at the west end of the island.
		Highest of all is the Caballero de San Miguel, a massive, two-tiered gun platform 150 feet above the sea at the east end of the island.
		Ramón de Castro's defense of the eastern part of the city held firm; the Spaniards won the ensuing artillery duel and successfully counterattacked.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/explorers/sitea32.htm (935 words)

	THE NEW YORK TIMES What's Doing in San Juan - en (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It enhances the blues of water and sky along San Juan's beaches, which stretch from Condado all the way out to undeveloped Piñones, and turns iridescent in Old San Juan as it bounces from the sandstone facades of historic fortresses and chapels, and splashes across the pastel sides of old houses.
		The San Juan National Historic Site, (787) 729-6960, has two main fortresses, Castillo San Felipe del Morro and Castillo de San Cristóbal, which are dramatically perched at the northern edge of Old San Juan fronting the Atlantic Ocean, and which can both be reached from Norzagaray Street.
		Castillo de San Cristóbal (Norzagaray Street near the entrance of Old San Juan) is the larger of the two forts but doesn't carry El Morro's dramatic punch.
	www.puertorico-herald.org /issues/vol3n06/WhatsDoing-en.shtml (1803 words)

	Playing in PUERTO RICO
		San Juan is the second oldest city in the Western Hemisphere.
		San Juan itself is a great base from which to explore the island.
		San Juan itself is a large metropolitan area encompassing Old San Juan, the beach and resort area and the surrounding communities of Bayamon, Carolina, Catano, Guaynabo and Trujillo Alto, each home to some fine attractions.
	www.jaxfax.com /news/Caribbean/article.shtml?ID=295 (1506 words)

	San Juan National Historic Site: Guardian of Hispanic Heritage -- Brown Quarterly -- v. 2, no. 1 -- Fall 1997 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The city of Old San Juan is located on the western side of the 615-acre San Juan Island, which is connected by causeways to the greater metropolitan area.
		Although San Juan National Historic Site was established by the secretary of the Interior in 1949, it remained under the control of the Department of the Army as part of Fort Brooke Military Reservation until September 1961, when a major portion of the fortifications were transferred to the Department of the Interior.
		Students will explore the role of Puerto Rico's fortifications at San Felipe del Morro and San Cristobal as well as their supporting units, in the Spanish quest to expand and defend its empire in the Americas during the 16th through the 19th centuries.
	brownvboard.org /brwnqurt/02-1/02-1f.htm (1027 words)

	Tours of the forts of the old city
		You are looking at Castillo de San Felipe del Morro Declared a World Heritage elite by the United Nations in 1933.
		San Juan Gate, next to the governors' palace at La Fortaleza, was for a long time the main entrance to Old San Juan.
		Along the north city wall the gates of San José and Santa Rosa opened to the rugged Atlantic shoreline, and on the south side of the city, San Justo or España Gate faced the harbor.
	www.whattodoinpr.com /forts.html (812 words)

	Puerto Rico's Land of the Rain Forest Coqui and the "Flaming June"
		San Juan, Puerto Rico, is known for its island flair, with Western undertones.
		To be educationally enlightened a tour of The Castillo de San Cristobal (Fort of San Cristobal) is mandatory.
		The wall was first installed to protect the city from island intruders in the 1500's.Tthe wall and the city of San Juan was later burned and all of the historical information was destroyed with it.
	www.travellady.com /Issues/Issue50/PuertoRico.htm (1156 words)

	Love2Travel \| San Juan
		The coastal port of San Juan was one of the first settlements that were established.
		San Juan is the oldest of the colonial cities in the Western Hemisphere.
		Old San Juan is just several blocks in size and is bordered on either side by two military forts.
	www.love2travel.org /sanjuan.htm (144 words)

	San Juan travel guide - Wikitravel
		San Juan is the capital and largest city in Puerto Rico (2,050,000 hab.).
		San Juan is located in the north-east of Puerto Rico, and features distinctly century-old architecture, such as Spanish military forts built from 1540's to 1800's, an active harbour, and a very active economic area in the Hato Rey district.
		San Juan has bars and discotheques all-around the city, from Old San Juan to even the southern part of the city and that stay open to 3-4 AM.
	wikitravel.org /en/San_Juan_(Puerto_Rico) (2065 words)

	Tom and Jana's 2003 Puerto Rico Journal
		Old San Juan, estabished in 1521, is a 500-year-old, seven-square-block, walled city originally built as a military stronghold but now a residential and commercial district.
		San Cristóbal has 150-foot walls, moats, bridges, tunnels, and all that cool fort/castle stuff, and presents striking views of the Atlantic, La Perla, and the other major fort in San Juan, San Felipe del Morro.
		La Puerta de San Juan, dating from 1639, is the oldest of three surviving gates through San Juan's city wall.
	www.tomgoetz.com /puertorico2003/pr1006.htm (1079 words)

	CULTURAL TREASURES OF SAN JUAN
		The city was completely encircled by a 50 foot wall in the 1630’s, made of solid sandstone blocks and held together with mortar, limestone, sand and water, and later the San Cristobal Castle was constructed to protect the eastern part of the city.
		OLD SAN JUAN: Today, the streets are paved with cobbles of adoquine, a blue stone cast from furnace slag; they were brought over as ballast on Spanish ships and time and moisture have lent them their characteristic color.
		The San Juan Gate as it appears on Puerto Rico license plates is at one end of the walkway while a magnificent fountain Raices (Root) is at the other end.
	www.travel-travel-travel.com /spot/SanJuan/article.htm (1189 words)

	Photos of Puerto Rico.com Colorful collection of photos / pictures of Puerto Rico. Fotos de Puerto Rico
		El Castillo (Castle) de San Felipe del Morro was declared a World Heritage elite by the United Nations in 1933.
		El Castillo de San Cristobal is the largest fortification ever built by the Spanish in the New World.
		The town of San Germán was the second city founded by the Spaniards in in our island.
	www.photosofpuertorico.com (612 words)

	The independent bookstore on the web! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		San Juan although very beautiful was a blur, as I contemplated the mysteries of the powerful desire I was experiencing.
		I smiled pleasantly, pretending to be interested, but all the while I was mesmerized by his eyes and his face and his lips, trying hard not to stare at his oh-so gorgeous physique.
		We went sightseeing, taking a stroll along the cobblestone streets of Old San Juan, which was very picturesque, especially the Castillo de San Cristobal, an old castle where we bought a couple of Polaroid shots a street vendor was peddling.
	www.buybooksontheweb.com /peek.asp?ISBN=0-7414-0624-1 (907 words)

	Puerto Rico culture, museums, handicrafts
		You would have to leave the city of San Juan to see the 'countryside' (which is also quickly changing and leaving the past behind).
		At the other end of Norzagaray Street is the San Cristobal Fort, walk between the two forts, along the road at the top.
		• Castillo San Cristobal was built in the 1700's, one of the largest defense systems ever built in the Americas.
	www.elyunque.com /culture.html (881 words)

	Foreign Countries/Caribbean Islands - All Post Cards
		Built on the Gold Coast at the ocean's edge in the most beautiful co-identical section of San Juan, the beautiful new La Concha rewards you with lavish luxury that is exceeded only by the warmth of its hospitality and the friendliness of its superb service.
		San Juan PR Castillo San Cristobal San Cristobal Castle
		San Juan, Castillo San Cristobal San Cristobal Castle
	www.cardcow.com /viewall.php?cat=20251 (699 words)

	Puerto Rico Attractions Landmarks: Old San Juan
		El Castillo de San Cristobal: El Morro is more famous but San Cristobal is the largest fortress the Spanish constructed in the New World.
		It was built in 1771 to defend the city from inland attacks after successful invaders like the Earl of Cumberland made such a mess back in 1598.
		A rather belated response to the problem, San Cristobal is considered a strategic masterpiece.
	www.guidetocaribbeanvacations.com /puerto_rico/OldSanJuan5.htm (335 words)

	DJC.COM: Old San Juan great place to walk and chat, provided by Seattle Daily Journal of Commerce (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		At the other end of Norzagaray, where the trolley turns and starts descending, is Castillo de San Felipe del Morro (El Morro Fortress), the largest Spanish Fortress in the Caribbean.
		Next we visited the nearby Iglesia de San Jose, the second-oldest church in the Western Hemisphere, and ate lunch across the street at Amadeus -- excellent.
		Born in San Juan, Munoz at 16 went to New York for a weekend and stayed.
	www.djc.com /news/leisure/11004432.html (1520 words)

	Amazon.com: Forts of Old San Juan: San Juan National Historic Site, Puerto Rico (National Park Service Handbook): ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Tells the story of the evolution of the defenses of San Juan, Puerto Rico, and the role they played in helping to safeguard Spanish possessions in the Caribbean from the 16th to the 19th centuries.
		"The Forts of Old San Juan" is the official National Park Handbook for touring Castillo de San Felipe del Morro and Castillo de San Cristobal in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
		The latter, San Cristobal, is the largest of the San Juan forts, covering 27 acres, and protected the city's landward approaches.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/091262762X?v=glance (866 words)

	San Juan Hotels, Hotels in San Juan Puerto Rico: Attractions
		This fort was brethren to the Castillo San Felipe del Morro and also helped to protect this city against foreign attacks on its soil.
		Most individuals are familiar with the name Ponce de Leon and for that reason a stop at the home built by this man is a necessity for visitors to the San Juan area.
		Visitors to San Juan who are looking to do a little fishing while on vacation may find that Benitez Fishing Charters is the perfect charter company to go with.
	www.sanjuanhotelsltd.com /attractions.php (2368 words)

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