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	Castration anxiety - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Castration anxiety is a fear posited by Sigmund Freud in his writings on the Oedipus complex at the genital stage of sexual development.
		It asserts that boys seeing a girl's genitalia will falsely assume that the girl must have had her penis removed, probably as punishment for some misbehavior, and will be anxious lest the same happen to him.
		It is worth noting that in some cultures, notably 19th century Europe, it was not unheard of for parents to threaten their children with castration, or to otherwise threaten their genitals, a phenomenon Freud documents several times.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Castration_complex (484 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - castration complex (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Castration, removal of the gonads in humans or animals.
		Castration has been employed medically to combat some forms of cancer, but this use is...
		Complex, group of repressed ideas that shape an individual’s response to think, feel, and act in a certain habitual pattern.
	encarta.msn.com /castration+complex.html (128 words)

	Peer Review Panel Paper, EPF Conference in Vilamoura 2005
		Castration does indeed provide a reason - in the sense of 'Nachträglichkeit' or 'après coup' - for the little girl's hostility towards the mother, which would otherwise remain an 'obscure instinctual impulse' that the child cannot understand (1931, p.
		A hypothesis on the anthropological significance of the Oedipus and castration complex: Laplanche and Balint
		The Oedipus and the castration complex are, in the first place, the Oedipus and castration complex of the parents or the adult.
	www.ijpa.org /vilamoura.htm (8247 words)

	[No title]
		He admits that castration anxiety is not "the sole motive force of the defensive processes which lead to neurosis" [S.E., 20:143] and he limits its pathogenic significance to the phobias [S.E., 20:122].
		When Freud, blinded by the castration theory, emphasizes this moment, he overlooks the fact that the first danger situation in birth is a risk of life (death-anxiety, birth-anxiety) 4 and does not signify the loss of the penis.
		Castration anxiety can be traced back neither to a real danger situation nor is it, in the Freudian sense, anxiety at the loss of an object.
	www.ottorank.com /anx.html (4749 words)

	Gianna E. Israel Gender Library: Castration in Non-TS Males
		In other words, if the person was born male, and the desired to become a woman (even part-time), he or she may seek castration as a gender-confirmation surgery.
		What I have found interesting is the fact that most men seeking castration enjoy being evaluated because it gives them a chance to talk about their needs without fear of being misunderstood.
		In discussing castration there is one specific act that gravely concerns me. This would be the person who takes matters into their own hands.
	www.firelily.com /gender/gianna/nonts.castration.html (1183 words)

	COMPLEX - Definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This parable of the wedding supper comprehends in it the whole complex of all the blessings and privileges exhibited by the gospel.
		{Complex of lines} (Geom.), all the possible straight lines in space being considered, the entire system of lines which satisfy a single relation constitute a complex; as, all the lines which meet a given curve make up a complex.
		The lines which satisfy two relations constitute a congruency of lines; as, the entire system of lines, each one of which meets two given surfaces, is a congruency.
	www.hyperdictionary.com /dictionary/complex (356 words)

	Freud and the Oppression of Women
		The second castration complex-- or the second phase of the castrations complex in the life of the human female-- occurs when the girl realizes that her mother does not have a penis either.
		The Oedipus complex in women is not resolved until the time in which they fulfill their longing for a penis by actually having babies.
		For the boy castration complex is "the most powerful motive force in his subsequent development" (129) since it enables to overcome the Oedipus complex and attain the "strength and independence" necessary for moral behavior, whereas for the girl the castration complex leads them to the Oedipus complex as a "haven of refuge".
	www.maricarmenmartinez.com /Freud.html (2069 words)

	Freud on Femininity
		The discovery that she is castrated is a turning-point in a girl's growth.
		Her self-love is mortified by the comparison with the boy's far superior equipment and in consequence she renounced her masturbatory satisfaction from her clitoris, repudiates her love for her mother and at the same time not infrequently represses a good part of her sexual trends in general.
		The castration complex prepares for the Oedipus complex instead of destroying it; the girl is driven out of her attachment to her mother through the influence of her envy for the penis and she enters the Oedipus situation as though into a haven of refuge.
	instruct.westvalley.edu /lafave/freud_on_femininity.html (2437 words)

	Welcome to Routledge
		CASTRATION traces the history of this shift in meaning, from the early Christians through the Renaissance to the debut of the twenty-first century.
		It is only by understanding these historical shifts that we can make sense of how Freud formulated his castration complex, and of the desire of today's woman for a new and improved eunuch: a man who can give her sexual pleasure without the threat of pregnancy.
		Castration may seem to belong to a distant past, but as Taylor's account informs us, it is alive and well.
	www.routledge-ny.com /util/resources.asp?filename=gtaylor_release.html (543 words)

	Sigmund Freud [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		He articulated and refined the concepts of the unconscious, of infantile sexuality, of repression, and proposed a tri-partite account of the mind's structure, all as part of a radically new conceptual and therapeutic frame of reference for the understanding of human psychological development and the treatment of abnormal mental conditions.
		This is followed by a stage in which the locus of pleasure or energy release is the anus, particularly in the act of defecation, and this is accordingly termed the 'anal' stage.
		Both the attraction for the mother and the hatred are usually repressed, and the child usually resolves the conflict of the Oedipus complex by coming to identify with the parent of the same sex.
	www.iep.utm.edu /f/freud.htm (4636 words)

	IPA Newsletter 6:1 Sexuality, Psychoanalysis & Social Change (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		I would suggest that the waning significance of the castration complex in Object Relations Theory, both Kleinian and Independent (Middle Group), should be seen as an unacknowledged reflection of these social changes.
		Although both Kleinian and Independent practitioners subscribe to the notion of a castration complex, it is strikingly absent from both theoretical and clinical observations.
		There was male heterosexuality without a castration complex, without an internalized prohibiting father on the part of the man. No castration complex, therefore no resolution into a protective, ethical superego with coincident sublimation.
	eseries.ipa.org.uk /prev/newsletter/97-1/mitchell.htm (954 words)

	Janus Head/1-1/Jennifer Severns: Out of the Shadows
		While the Oedipus conflict, castration, penis envy, etc. have been invaluable contributions to the understanding of human development, they are stories and they are limited by culture and perspective.
		Often this is found in the shadow of the father where the girl can express the reality of her power differential, find her power through him, and possibly identify with a mother who also stands in the shadow.
		The genesis of feminine psychology needs to be found in the relationship between the parents and all of the subtle and complex variations found therein, rather than the relationship with each parent individually.
	www.janushead.org /JHFall98/jsev.cfm (7249 words)

	Genital Hole & Castration Complex
		From one perspective it is a state of castration; from another, deeper perspective it is experienced as a deficient and empty state of the self.
		The castration perspective is operative in the process of experiencing space through analyzing the sexual body-image, because understanding the genital hole leads directly and smoothly to the experience of space.
		If the castration is related to physically, then the individual sees it as the absence of the penis; this is so for both men and women.
	www.ahalmaas.com /glossary/g/genital_hole.htm (957 words)

	Freudian Pyschology in brief
		In the Oedipus complex, a boy has sexual desire for his mother and aggression at the father.
		In the equivalent Electra complex, the girl is becomes hostile to her mother and sexually attracted to her father.
		The complexes alone hardly form attitudes to sexuality; far more surely is how we get on or otherwise in living the more conscious and complex we become.
	www.change.freeuk.com /learning/socthink/sfreud.html (1828 words)

	A glossary of Freudian terms. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Castration fear (boys) and penis envy (girl) together make up the "castration complex." Because women feel less intense castration anxiety (being "castrated" already), they develop less of a superego.
		Oedipal Complex: the boy's tendency, around the age of five, to experience his freshly awakened sexual strivings toward his mother while wanting to replace his father in her affections.
		Penis Envy: a subset of the castration complex, it involves the supposed envy of "castrated" women of the male member, which they later seek to possess via pregnancy and childbirth.
	www.tearsofllorona.com /freud.html (5635 words)

	Castration: An Abbreviated History of Western Manhood (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		One of the pillars of Freudian theory is the castration complex -- boys' unconscious fear that their fathers will chop off their penises, girls' unconscious anxiety that they once had penises which were chopped off.
		One of the pillars of Freudian theory is the castration complex -- boys' unconscious fear that their fathers will chop off their penises, girls' unconscious anxiety that they once had penises that were chopped off.
		But many cultures established a place in the social and moral hierarchy for eunuchs -- who Taylor says were usually castrated in so-called savage societies for sale to so-called civilized ones, so that eunuchs would not have to serve their own mutilators.
	dir.salon.com /books/review/2000/12/13/taylor (1621 words)

	freud (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		With these provisos in mind, we can cast our eyes over the remarkably rocky story of the Oedipal complex and castration complex and notice many points where the sexuality of the developing child could easily become centered primarily on members of his or her own gender.
		Facing the imagined threat of castration, the boy "renounces the possession of his mother more or less completely; his sexual life often remains permanently encumbered by the prohibition" and his feminine side may be strengthened by "this intimidation of his masculinity" (72).
		According to Freud's theory, the entire experience of infantile sexuality--the initial attachment to the mother as the first and strongest love-object, the boy's rivalry with the father, the girl's rivalry with the mother, penis envy, castration complex, etc.--is all "subjected to a highly energetic repression" early in childhood (73).
	www.client-centered.com /freud.htm (1383 words)

	Oedipus Complex
		The super-ego is born at the moment the Oedipus complex is dissolved.
		Castration complex dissolves the phallic stage and leads into latency stage.
		–Implication: The sense of "motherhood" results from the castration complex, the sense of "loss" or "inadequacy" based on an "inferior" physical endowment in the genital region.
	courses.washington.edu /freudlit/Oedipus.Notes.html (764 words)

	Drive is Parole
		The vector from jouissance to castration is the expression that, in Encore, vests the phallic jouissance in its opposition to love, that is in the rapport to the Other.
		The case is a waste, a loss of jouissance, castration being but the dramatic figure, as if there was the need of the figure of an Other to attain it, even when that is attained in the real and with no more dramatics than the universal laws of gravity.
		At that moment you don't talk of castration, you say, "There is no such thing as sexual rapport," a formula that says the same thing, yet in a sober and tranquil way, and that eventually tries to adopt a scientific pace so as to treat it.
	www.lacan.com /drive.htm (6459 words)

	Library > Title: Femininity and the Limits of Theory - Mieli, Paola
		This configuration determines two positions toward castration: on the one hand the belief in having the phallus and the anxiety about losing it; on the other the belief of having lost it and the wish to get it back.
		Lacan's interpretation of the Oedipus complex is grounded in the notion of the signifier.
		In short, one could say that the boy will generally solve the problem of castration by identifying with his father, with the only one who seems to have escaped such a danger, and, in becoming a male by proxy, he will play with the illusion of having what he doesn't have.
	www.apres-coup.org /mt/archives/title/2005/01/femininity_and.html (5010 words)

	The Freud Page/ Glossary/ Phallic Stage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The discovery of the anatomical distinction between the sexes (presence or absence of the penis) gives rise to penis envy in girls and castration anxiety in boys because the castration complex is centered on the phantasy that the girl's penis has been cut off.
		Klein, Horney and Jones consider that the girl has a primary intuitive knowledge of the vaginal cavity and the conflicts of the phallic fase have merely a defensive function against her anxieties related to femininity.
		During the phallic stage, the culmination of the Oedipus Complex (which connotes the child's situation in the triangular relationship), follows different paths for both sexes in the process of its dissolution: threat of castration (boys) and the desire for a baby as a symbolic equivalent to the penis (girls).
	www.geocities.com /Eureka/Promenade/1919/phallic_stage.html (410 words)

	Kennedy: Trauma in Childhood
		In this way his fantasy was that a female partner was castrating and suffocating him was give an added dimension of reality.
		In retrospect it is not difficult to see that the intimacy of the analytic setting, of being alone in the room with a woman who was immediately cast in the role of dangerous castrator, was both terrifying and seductive.
		In this way the mother reinforced Peter's castration anxiety, and she communicated her view of him as imperfect.
	www.cirp.org /library/psych/kennedy (3561 words)

	Sigmund Freud's Theories
		The fear of castration is so great that the boy feels forced to reconsider his options; he wants a relationship with his mother but his father would be too much of a threat if they were rivals for the mother's affection.
		The important difference between girls and boys with regard to castration is that in girls it makes possible the Oedipus complex; the fact of not having a penis is the source of penis-envy, and it is penis-envy that changes to desire for a child by the penis possessor.
		Part of the complex was fear of the father; and the character of the father is now incorporated into the Ego, where it forms the nucleus of the Superego and gives the boy the values of his father (in an "ideal" case).
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/pete_wren/freud.htm (2811 words)

	EXCURSUS 4D: Symbolic Self-Castration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The boy fears castration, which he sees as the carrying out of a paternal threat made in reply to his sexual activities; the result for him is an intense castration anxiety.
		Moreover, the castration complex is "closely linked with the Oedipus complex, and especially with the latter's prohibitive and normative function" (56).
		"The castration complex is also held to account for a wide range of clinical consequences: penis envy, the taboo of virginity, feelings of inferiority, and so on; and its modalities are deemed observable in all psychopathological structures, though especially in the perversions (homosexuality, fetishism)" (56).
	www.serve.com /BAKE/1-04d.htm (1586 words)

	complex : Definition from the Online Dictionary at Datasegment.com
		Complex number (Math.), in the theory of numbers, an expression of the form a + b[root]-1, when a and b are ordinary integers.
		[1913 Webster] This parable of the wedding supper comprehends in it the whole complex of all the blessings and privileges exhibited by the gospel.
		[1913 Webster] Complex of lines (Geom.), all the possible straight lines in space being considered, the entire system of lines which satisfy a single relation constitute a complex; as, all the lines which meet a given curve make up a complex.
	onlinedictionary.datasegment.com /word/Complex (228 words)

	Introduction to Freud (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This development is, of course, the resolution of the Oedipus complex where the child is forced to swallow her or his desires in the face of the power of the real world, and copes with it by forming identifications with both father and mother.
		Thus it is the castration complex that pushes the girl into the Oedipal situation--i.e., the recognition that she lacks a penis--in which she attempts to usurp the mother in order to share in the father's power.
		In the boy, the castration complex forces a tremendous repression of incestuous desire and a strong identification with the father, giving rise to the punitive and powerful internalized conscience--the superego.
	www.clas.ufl.edu /users/gthursby/fonda/freud.html (13058 words)

	[No title]
		An important consequence of her penis envy, and consequent acceptance of the "fact" of her castration (aside from the internalized inferiority Freud insists on) is a loosening of the bond with her mother.
		Hence in girls the castration complex comes first--they first realize they ARE castrated, then they enter into an oedipal relation, desiring to kill the mother and marry the father and have his baby.
		He ends up saying that women stay in the Oedipus Complex forever (since nothing ends it for them), and that they always pretty much desire their fathers; somehow they learn, however, to become non-incestuous, and they usually marry men who are like their fathers.
	www.nd.edu /~gbederma/core/freudbackground.html (2983 words)

	OnlineColumnist®.com: Castrated by Criminal Justice
		Before castration becomes a legitimate medical option, it needs to be studied with far greater scientific precision.
		Castration won’t counteract his mental illness or criminal propensities by simply reducing testosterone.
		Castration may lower testosterone but it doesn’t overhaul pathological personalities driven to crime by outside temptations and atrophied consciences.
	www.onlinecolumnist.com /030501.html (990 words)

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