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Topic: Catadioptric sensor

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	Resolution of a Catadioptric Sensor
		The geometry used to derive the spatial resolution of a catadioptric sensor.
		Hence, the resolution of the catadioptric camera is the resolution of the conventional camera used to construct it multiplied by a factor of:
		, the resolution of the catadioptric sensor is the same as that of the conventional sensor used to construct it.
	homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk /rbf/CVonline/LOCAL_COPIES/BAKER/node11.html (440 words)

	Cassegrain Reflector - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In a Cassegrain telescope, there is a hole in the primary mirror; light from the primary mirror is reflected by the secondary mirror through the hole in the primary to reach the eyepiece, placed behind the telescope.
		There are three basic types of telescopes: refractors, reflectors and combined lens-mirror systems or catadioptric sensors.
		Catadioptrics are a combination of a refractor and reflector telescope, using both mirrors and lens to focus the incoming light.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cassegrain_telescope (244 words)

	Graflex Incorporated - Providing Muzzle Boresights, Zoom Lenses & Video Enhancement
		Sensor Positioning Systems: Pan & Tilt systems which are full MIL specification for extreme environments.
		Following the success of the original Graflex zoom lens, further development of characteristically unique zoom lenses was placed as a priority, and still is today.
		The recent introduction of the worlds first focus tracking catadioptric zoom lens is only a single testament of our commitment and ability to offer state-of-the-art and cutting-edge technology.
	www.graflex.com /companyprofile.html (706 words)

	Optical system with center-bored catadioptric imaging lens - US Patent 6411445 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Although the catadioptric lens is quite efficient, it and other types of lenses suffer from the problem that reflections from the dome or the optical correctors, if any, and from the front side of the catadioptric lens itself may reach the sensor as a ghost image.
		The optical corrector 44 comprises at least one body which is transparent to the wavelengths detected by the sensor 34 and having an optical corrector shape responsive to a shape of the outer dome 24.
		The remainder of the solid catadioptric imaging lens 38 is transparent to the light sensed by the sensor 34.
	www.patentstorm.us /patents/6411445.html (3324 words)

	Robotics Institute: A Theory of Single-Viewpoint Catadioptric Image Formation
		A catadioptric sensor uses a combination of lenses and mirrors placed in a carefully arranged confi guration to capture a much wider fi eld of view.
		One important design goal for catadioptric sensors is choosing the shapes of the mirrors in a way that ensures that the complete catadioptric system has a single effective viewpoint.
		In addition, we derive a simple expression for the spatial resolution of a catadioptric sensor in terms of the resolution of the cameras used to construct it.
	www.ri.cmu.edu /pubs/pub_2553.html (318 words)

	Ph Sensors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A sensor is a technological device or biological organ that detects, or ''senses'', a signal or physical condition and chemical compounds.
		A sensor network is a computer network of many, spacially distributed devices using sensors to monitor conditions at different locations, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants.
		Sensor networks are applied in a wide variety of areas, such as video surveillance, traffic monitoring, air traffic control, robotics, cars, home monitoring and manufacturing and industrial automation.
	www.awonky.com /pages2/65/ph-sensors.html (860 words)

	People (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The first is that of omnidirectional catadioptric sensors, and the second is that of resolution variant CMOS sensors, also known as "retina-like" sensors.
		Omnidirectional catadioptric vision sensors are systems composed by a standard camera equipped with a field of view between 50° and 90° and by a rotational-symmetric convex mirror, which reflects the light gathered at 360° horizontally and at 100°-160° vertically into the camera.
		On the other side, the first project showed that the fusion of the technology of catadioptric omnidirectional vision sensor with that of resolution-variant "retina-like" sensor, brings a drastic reduction of the computational burden required by the image analysis and of the amount of information to be transmitted along a net linking together multiple sensors.
	www.dei.unipd.it /%7Eenrigri/Giovani%20Ricercatori/project.htm (1060 words)

	Cassegrain, Cassegrain Telescope, Schmidt Cassegrain, Schmidt Cassegrain Telescope, Cassegrain Maksutov Telescope (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Catadioptrics use a combination of mirrors and lenses to fold the optics and form an image.
		Catadioptrics are the most popular type of instrument, with the most modern design, marketed throughout the world in 3 1/2" and larger apertures.
		It uses a thick meniscus correcting lens with a strong curvature and a secondary mirror that is usually an aluminized spot on the corrector.
	www.telescopes.net /cassegrain_telescopes.html (728 words)

	A High-Resolution Monocular Panoramic Camera Using a Double Mirror Pyramid
		The catadioptric methods include: sensors in which a single camera captures the scene as reflected off a single curved mirror, or sensors in which multiple cameras image the scene as reflected off the planar mirror surfaces.
		The catadioptric sensors that use a parabolic- or a hyperbolic-mirror to map an omni-directional view onto a single sensor are able to achieve a single viewpoint at video rate, but the resolution of the acquired image is limited to that of the sensor used and varies significantly with the viewing direction across the visual fields.
		Another category of the catadioptric sensors employs a number of planar mirrors assembled in the shape of right mirror-pyramids, together with as many cameras as the number of pyramid faces.
	vision.ai.uiuc.edu /newpubs/singleDPC/summary.htm (1593 words)

	Omnidirectional Vision (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Catadioptric sensors use a rotationally symmetrical mirror viewed along its axis by a camera.
		This illustrates the problem with such radially curved mirrors, as opposed to conical mirrors, in that most of the useful image area (and hence image resolution) is directed at the sky or at the ground instead of being directed towards the areas of interest around the horizon.
		A new catadioptric apparatus with conical mirrors is used in this research to address this problem. A conical mirror image.
	cswww.essex.ac.uk /mv/omni.html (682 words)

	HOPS Vision System
		Omnidirectional vision systems are usually based on a catadioptric sensor, consisting of an upwards-oriented camera that acquires the image reflected on a convex mirror hanging above it.
		Anyway, a number of such sensors are available and, consequently, it is possible to devise a large number of approaches to omnidirectional vision [1].
		However, in catadioptric mirrors, that are usually made of polished steel, several manufacturing flaws are likely to be found, as regards both the actual shape of the mirror profile and the smoothness of the mirror surface.
	www.robotics.laboratorium.dist.unige.it /corso_robotica/CARetta/visio.htm (2445 words)

	The Page of Catadioptric Sensor Design (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Catadioptric sensors are sometimes also known as omnidirectional sensors.
		While he doesn't give explicit equations he says that the curvature of the mirror is such that the area of the image of a spherical source should be proportional to a certain other projection of the source, which is related to its illuminance.
		The solution he proposes is to use as a mirror a surface of revolution with a pointy bottom, i.e., the surface is formed by rotating a curve about an axis and the curve is not normal to the axis at the intersection point.
	www.cs.drexel.edu /~ahicks/design/design.html (2414 words)

	My Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		An optical system that uses both refracting elements (lenses) and reflecting elements (mirrors) is known as a catadioptric system thus a stereo sensor that uses mirrors is called a catadioptric stereo sensor.
		Catadioptric stereo enables the capture of multiple views of a scene using a single video camera.
		A planar catadioptric stereo sensor is one that uses flat planar mirrors.
	cis.poly.edu /~gluckman/research/research.html (486 words)

	Catadioptric sensor - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Catadioptric sensor - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		A catadioptric sensor is a visual sensor that contains mirrors (catoptrics) and lenses (dioptrics).
		The word catadioptric originally appears in telescope design, but the term catadioptric sensor has come to refer to panoramic sensors created by pointing a camera at a curved mirror.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Catadioptrics (89 words)

	Laser Target Finder Sensor
		These photos shows the catadioptric effect: the left one, photographed with diffuse light, looks normal, while the right hand one is photographed with a flashlight and seems to glow because the flash light is directly bounced back to the camera.
		The lens in front of the sensor collects the light and concentrates it on the sensitive area of the Hamamatsu sensor.
		Unfortunately, the optical axises are too distant: if the sensor is placed at the right position for distant target (left image), the light spots falls completely outside the sensitive area for close target (right image).
	www.philohome.com /sensors/lasersensor.htm (1334 words)

	Fatbomb/Fatbomb.Cgi/Sensor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Catadioptric sensor A catadioptric sensor is a visual sensor that contains mirror (catoptrics) and lenses (dioptrics).
		Catadioptric sensor A catadioptric sensor is a visual sensor that contains mirror (c
		Sensor network Sensor networks can be broadly categorized into two types.
	bonose.com /fatbomb/fatbomb.cgi/Sensor-0.html (603 words)

	Research Projects in Omnidirectional Surveillance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		As mentioned above, a catadioptric sensor uses a combination of lenses and mirrors placed in a carefully arranged configuration to capture a much wider field of view while maintaining a single fixed viewpoint.
		Catadioptric stereo, as the name suggests, uses mirrors to capture multiple views of a scene, simultaneously.
		The non-traditional geometry of the omnidirection sensor means that many existing tracking algorithms, which presume motion is well approximated by translation in the image, cannot be used.
	www.cs.columbia.edu /CAVE/VSAM/projects (3823 words)

	The Page of Omnidirectional Vision
		Panospheric sensors at the Atakama Desert Trek at the Robotics Institute CMU-GROK lab
		Meeting indexing at the ISL, CMU and ISL, University of Karlsruhe using omnidirectional imaging.
		A spin-off at Kyoto University Accowle Co, Ltd producing a variety of catadioptric sensors.
	www.cis.upenn.edu /~kostas/omni.html (480 words)

	[No title]
		For pixels distributed over the hemisphere (ie: from a single viewpoint and not from all directions from a surface), he shows that the first 5 principal components suffice (cover 95 percent of data).
		ICCV}, year = {1998}, OPTannote = {catadioptric sensor == combination lens and mirrors to capture a wider FOV.
		sensor in terms of camera resolution (defined as diff Area/diff solid angle) 3) analysis of defocus blur due to use of a curved mirror} } @InProceedings{boykov99fast, author = {Yuri Boykov and Olga Veksler and Ramin Zabih}, title = {Fast Approximate Energy Minimization via Graph Cuts}, booktitle = {Proc.
	graphics.stanford.edu /~billyc/research/references/vision.bib (1184 words)

	Calibration of A Structured Light-Based Stereo Catadioptric Sensor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Catadioptric sensors are combinations of mirrors and lenses made in order to obtain a wide field of view.
		The sensor is based on a conventional camera coupled with a laser emitter and two hyperbolic mirrors.
		Mathematical formulation and precise specifications of the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of the sensor are discussed.
	csdl2.computer.org /persagen/DLAbsToc.jsp?resourcePath=/dl/proceedings/&toc=comp/proceedings/cvprw/2003/2105/07/2105toc.xml&DOI=10.1109/CVPRW.2003.10084 (222 words)

	SENSOR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Search the SENSOR Family Message Boards at Ancestry.com (if available).
		Search the SENSOR Family Resource Center at RootsWeb.com (if available).
		Find graves of people named SENSOR at Find-a-Grave.com (or add one that you know).
	www.worldhistory.com /surname/US/S/SENSOR.htm (73 words)

	The Page of Catadioptric Sensor Design (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Catadioptric sensors are imaging sensors built with combinations of mirrors (catoptrics), and lenses (dioptrics).
		Description: Conant's patent describes several catadioptric sensors, using spherical, parabolic and conical mirrors, and also some projection/screen inventions.
		Benford is interested in radiometry - the goal is to build a catadioptric sensor with a mirror shape designed to make it easy to measure the amount of illumination from a light source.
	www.mcs.drexel.edu /~ahicks/design/design.html (2414 words)

	Equiresolution Mirrors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In particular, for most catadioptric sensors, the area of the object can change drastically, even if the distance from the object to the sensor remains constant.To quantify this, consider a ring of spheres, as depicted on the right.
		Now suppose in the center of the ring of spheres, you place a catadioptric sensor, consisting of a parabolic mirror viewed with an orthographic projection.
		where p is the sensor's projection, from the sphere at infinity to the image plane.
	www.mcs.drexel.edu /~ahicks/design/equiresolution.html (561 words)

	Research Projects in Omnidirectional Surveillance
		An omnidirectional sensor would allow the VSAM system to be, at all times, aware of its complete surrounding.
		We have also derived an expression for the spatial resolution of a catadioptric sensor in terms of the resolution of the image detector used to construct it.
		Finally, we have conducted a preliminary analysis of the defocus blur caused by the use of a curved mirror.
	www.cs.uccs.edu /~tboult/VSAM/VSAM.html (3840 words)

	Sensor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		originally appears in telescope design, but the term catadioptric sensor has come to refer to panoramic sensors created by pointed a camera at a curved mirror.
		The word "catadioptric" originally appears in telescope design, but the term catadioptric sensor has come to refer to pan
		Ap0calypse.com reviews a LED PC Keyboard that believe it or not has a GSM Mobile Phone sensor that flashes the LEDs when a call comes in - never miss a call again when you are deep into the virtual worlds of online multi-player gameplay.
	bonose.com /Sensor.html (599 words)

	Inexpensive Design Aims To Improve Indoor Security, Robot Navigation
		This "refractive" lens produces a sharp image of the large area at the exact location of the image sensor within the bullet camera.
		The v-shaped lens is called a catoptric (reflective) lens and the second lens is known as a dioptric (refractive) lens, so the combined design is called a "catadioptric" lens.
		In this scenario, the new catadioptric lens would capture a large swath of space, and a camera with "pan-tilt" ability would zoom in on the region of interest (ROI), such as the location of an intruder.
	www.spacedaily.com /reports/Inexpensive_Design_Aims_To_Improve_Indoor_Security_Robot_Navigation_999.html (1384 words)

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