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Topic: Catagenesis

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	Catagenesis
		Catagenesis is a term used in petroleum geology to describe the cracking process which results in the conversion of organic kerogens into hydrocarbons.
		This chemical reaction is believed to be a time, temperature and pressure dependent process which creates liquid and/or gaseous hydrocarbon Hc from primary kerogen X and can be summarised using the formula:
		It is generally held that the dependence on pressure is negligible, such that the process of catagenesis can be given as a first-order differential equation:
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ca/Catagenesis.html (114 words)

	Transformation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		There are three phases in the transformation of OM into hydrocarbons: Diagenesis, Catagenesis, and Metagenesis (Tissot, 1997).
		C, the catagenesis process is destructive and all hydrocarbons are converted to methane and graphite.
		Thus the Catagenesis phase involves the maturation of the kerogen; petroleum is the first to be released from the kerogen followed by gas, CO and H
	www.leeric.lsu.edu /bgbb/3/transformation.html (676 words)

	geobiology @ mit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		catagenesis: the thermal alteration of organic matter by burial and heating in the range of about 50 to 150 ° C, requiring millions of years
		One of the most widely used applications for biomarkers is for the measurement of thermal maturity of organic matter to estimate the temperature history of sedimentary basins.
		Living organisms possess sterols exclusively with the 20R configuration, but during diagenesis and catagenesis, steranes are gradually transformed to a mixture of 20R and 20S isomers, until they reach an equilibrium value of ~0.55 for the 20S / (20R + 20S).
	eaps.mit.edu /geobiology/biomarkers/diagenesis.html (400 words)

	HYDROCARBONS
		By convention the term catagenesis usually refers to the stages of kerogen decomposition during which oil and wet gas are produced.
		For practical purposes, however, the rates of catagenesis are generally not important at temperatures below about 70° C. Furthermore, in most cases decreases of temperature in excess of about 20°-30° C due to subsurface events or erosional removal will cause the rates of catagenesis to decrease so much that it becomes negligible for practical purposes.
		Catagenesis of kerogen produces a more aromatic, hydrogen-poor, residual kerogen as well as small molecules that are the direct precursors for petroleum and natural gas.
	www.geo.vu.nl /~rondeel/grondstof/oil/oil-total-web.html (18373 words)

	Summaries of the main publications for the last years / LABORATORY 0F LITHOGENESIS / Geological Institute Russian ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		For LB-2.1 and 2.2, the stage of litho-genesis is not completed and the distinct zoning of catagenesis is observed.
		They are separated from catagenesis by stages and time.
		They should be considered as the products of the early metamorphism, imposed on the LB in the regime of endogenic Ps-t0 activation of sedimentary basins.
	www.ginras.ru /lithogen/public.htm (1130 words)

	Catagenesis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Catagenesis (geology) – The cracking process in which organic kerogens are broken down into hydrocarbons;
		Catagenesis (biology) – Retrogressive evolution, as contrasted with anagenesis.
		This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Catagenesis (87 words)

	The Upper Devonian Rhinestreet Shale, Western New York State: from Seal to Fractured Reservoir, by Gary G. Lash, #10111 ...
		The pre-catagenic NHFs that propagated from the top of the Cashaqua gray shale into the base of the Rhinestreet shale may have initiated during uplift of the basin caused by the Morrowan docking of the Goochland terrane in the southern Appalachians.
		The final phase of NHF generation, an ENE-trending set, probably occurred near the end of the Permian in response to Alleghanian dextral tectonics and at the modeled maximum burial depth of ~ 3.2 km.
		Lash, G.G., and Engelder, T., 2005, An analysis of horizontal microcracking during catagenesis: An example from the Catskill delta complex: AAPG Bulletin, Bulletin, v.
	www.searchanddiscovery.com /documents/2006/06098lash02/index.htm (1173 words)

	geobiology @ mit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Eukaryotic cells utilize certain types of sterols in their cell walls (as opposed to prokaryotes, who use certain types of hopanoids).
		During diagenesis and catagenesis, the biological stereospecificity of sterols, particularly at C-5, C-14, C-17 and C-20 is usually lost, and a large range of isomers is generated (see above for numbering).
		Diasteranes are rearranged steranes that have no biological precursors, and are most likely formed during diagenesis and catagenesis.
	eaps.mit.edu /geobiology/biomarkers/steroids.html (290 words)

	Mission 2007
		Catagenesis: Temperatures increase to 250C and kerogen generates oil or gas.
		Metagenesis: Occurs at 250C right when the kerogen is going to change into oil or gas.
		Catagenesis is the most important stage, and is different for the three different types of kerogen.
	web.mit.edu /12.000/www/m2007/teams/finalwebsite/geology/hydroform.html (420 words)

	Catagenesis (geology) - Medbib.com, the modern encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.netlab.uky.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Further information might be found in a section of the talk page or at Requests for expansion.
		See Catagenesis (biology) for usage in the field of biology, where it refers to retrogressive evolution.
		Regional shearing of fine-grained rocks opens up closed systems and strongly promotes both catagenesis and rock metamorphism at much lower burial temperatures than in unsheared rocks.
	www.medbib.com.cob-web.org:8888 /Catagenesis_(geology) (532 words)

	Oil not a fossil fuel??? - single post for printer
		Unfortunately when I made that original post I don't believe that I was clear enough.
		Just about all that information, including the remark about catagenesis, was somebody else's stuff.
		While I did post the statement about catagenesis being undefined, it wasn't my contention.
	www.abovetopsecret.com /forum/single.php?post=896252 (121 words)

	Russia's Chukotka Autonomous Region Overview
		It is necessary at once to point out, that the contents in CK bituminous reductants and their structure on the given generalized schedules mirror not only feature of original composition ??, but also the non-uniform conditions catagenesis, in which various lithologic-stratigraphic division.
		Paleogene depositions abundant only in a southern part basin are inflected in a wide range of catagenesis (PK/2-MK/2) [27, 47, 153), but in the basic part deposition in conditions of zone of mezo- catagenesis.
		On catagenesis a level (PK3) of significance of coefficient of oddness normal alkanes CPI in formations Neogene compound 3.3 - 6.7, whereas for Paleogene of depositions of significance CPI do not exceed 2.9.
	www.lngplants.com /AnadyrBasin.html (2678 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Reservoir properties at the depths more than 5000 m are connected with a degree of a catagenesis of rocks, and there are some zones, where the degree of a catagenesis varies from МК3 up to АК3.
		A high rank of a catagenesis is confined to tectonic active zones.
		The studies carried out testify about existence of reservoirs at great depths.
	aapg.confex.com /aapg/de2001/techprogram/paper_8682.htm (268 words)

	An analysis of horizontal microcracking during catagenesis: Example from the Catskill delta complex -- Lash and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		An analysis of horizontal microcracking during catagenesis: Example from the Catskill delta complex -- Lash and Engelder 89 (11): 1433 -- AAPG Bulletin (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.netlab.uky.edu)
		An analysis of horizontal microcracking during catagenesis: Example from the Catskill delta complex
		pressurized by catagenesis, perhaps enhanced by compaction disequilibrium
	aapgbull.geoscienceworld.org.cob-web.org:8888 /cgi/content/abstract/89/11/1433 (314 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Energy Citations Database (ECD) Document #6621636 - Bibliography and index of coal and dispersed organic matter in sedimentary rocks: petrography, catagenesis, relation to petroleum and natural gas, and geochemistry
		Availability information may be found in the Availability, Publisher, Research Organization, Resource Relation and/or Author (affiliation information) fields and/or via the "Full-text Availability" link.
		Bibliography and index of coal and dispersed organic matter in sedimentary rocks: petrography, catagenesis, relation to petroleum and natural gas, and geochemistry
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=6621636&query_id=0 (152 words)

	biology - Catagenesis (biology) (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.netlab.uky.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Have a Question or Comment on this Article?
		Catagenesis refers to forms of evolution that are retrogressive.
		It is a term used in contrast to anagenesis, which is the evolution of a single population into a new form without branching lines of descent (cladogenesis).
	www.biologydaily.com.cob-web.org:8888 /biology/Catagenesis_(biology) (59 words)

	USGS Western Mineral Resources Projects: Metallogenesis of Proterozoic Basins and stratified rocks planned products (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Obtain or collect sulfide samples from Sullivan, Blackbird, Sheep Creek, and other locations, prepare for Re-Os analysis.
		This task will determine selected primary modal and chemical compositions of both sequences of siliciclastic rocks, in conjunction with investigations under Tasks 1 and 2, and compare the impact of diagenesis, catagenesis, metamorphism, and magmatism on those compositions to ascertain the relative importance of provenance and process in the metallogeny of the two sequences.
		The ultimate goal of this Task is to distinguish between Proterozoic strata that contain metallic mineral resources from those that contributed components of such resources.
	minerals.usgs.gov /west/projects/probasdel.shtml (634 words)

	Russian Geology James Clarke Russia Central Asia Caucasus
		It is estimated that with increase in degree of coalification from the brown-coal stage to anthracite the amount of methane generated by one ton of coal increases from 68 to 287 cubic meters whereas the amount of carbon dioxide decreases.
		It is proposed that since at the brown-coal stage of catagenesis of the organic matter of the Pokur Series methane was generated in subordinate quantities in comparison with carbon dioxide, most of thje methane of the Cenomanian gas could have formed as a result of bacterial reduction of carbon dioxide.
		Taken from Nemchenko, Rovenskaya, and Schoell, 1999; digested in Petroleum Geology, vol.
	www.users.qwest.net /~kryopak/JamesClarke.htm (963 words)

	Cata Catabasis Catabiosis Catabolic Cataclysm Catacomb Catagenesis Catalase Catalepsy Catalyst Catamite Cataract ...
		Cata Catabasis Catabiosis Catabolic Cataclysm Catacomb Catagenesis Catalase Catalepsy Catalyst Catamite Cataract Catarrhin Word Roots Medical Etymology
		Cata Catabasis Catabiosis Catabolic Cataclysm Catacomb Catagenesis Catalase Catalepsy Catalyst Catamite Cataract Catarrhin
		~ CATAGENESIS INVOLUTION RETROGRESS opp of PROGRESS med> MANY EMBRYONIC TISSUES INVOLUTE BY APOPTOSIS note APOPLEXY APOCALYPSE APOLOGY implies NATURAL CELL DEATH or NORMAL or EXPECTED ~ CATAGLOTTISM id+
	www.consultsos.com /pandora/cata.htm (182 words)

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