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Topic: Catalan Countries

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	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Catalonia
		Catalonia (Catalan: Catalunya, Spanish: Catalu?a, French: Catalogne) is the core region of the area where Catalan is spoken, delimited by the Spanish autonomous region (comunitat aut?noma) of the same name in the north-east of Spain.
		The neighbouring Valencia region (Catalan: Val?ncia), the Balearic Islands (Catalan: Illes Balears), Andorra, and an adjacent area of Aragon (informally referred to as la Franja de Ponent) are closely associated with Catalonia historically and linguistically.
		Catalan Pyrenees: Val d'Aran in the north face, Pica d'Estats 3141 m., Puigmal 2911 m., Cerdanya depression, Perthus pass (near the ancient Roman road).
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/ca/Catalonia (481 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Catalan nationalism
		Catalan nationalism, or Catalanism, is a political movement that advocates for an increased political autonomy of Catalonia, if not independence itself, from Spain and France.
		As Stanley Payne observes: "The modern Catalan élite had played a major role in what there was of economic industrialization in the nineteenth century, and had tended to view Catalonia not as the antagonist but to some degree the leader of a freer, more prosperous Spain" (482).
		In 2006, a referendum was held on amending the 1979 Catalan Statute of Autonomy to further expand the authority of the Catalan government.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Catalan_nationalism (4270 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		The Catalans are an ethnic group or nationality whose homeland is Catalonia, or the Principality of Catalonia (Catalan: Catalunya, or Principat de Catalunya), which is a historical region in southern Europe, embracing a territory situated in the north-east of Spain and an adjoining portion of southern France.
		The Catalan failure to defend the perpetuation of Habsburgian dynasty in Spain culminated in the surrender of Barcelona on September 11, 1714, which came to be commemorated as Catalonia's National day.
		While Catalans in Spain have attained the right to speak their ancestral language and declare themselves a distinct people, the situation in France has been drastically different as French policies have favored assimilating the Catalans which has reduced the number of citizens who still identify themselves as such within the French Republic.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Catalan_people (1882 words)

	Catalan Countries
		The city of L'Alguer, in the Italian island of Sardinia, where Catalan is one of the official languages, along with Italian.
		This is despite some of the major defenders or promoters of the "Catalan Countries" concept (such as Joan Fuster, Josep Guia or Vicent Partal) being born in the Valencian Autonomous Community (or indeed any given Catalan-speaking territory outside the present Autonomous Community of Catalonia).
		Soon, it became popular in Catalan Renaixença by the end of the 19th century as a synonym of "Catalan-speaking territories".
	www.1bx.com /en/Catalan_Countries.htm (1033 words)

	Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It defines the rights and obligations of the citizens of Catalonia, Spain, the political institutions of the Catalan nationality, their competences and relations with Spain and the financing of the Government of Catalonia.
		On June 18, 2006, a referendum amending the Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia of 1979 to further expand the authority of the Generalitat de Catalunya, Catalan's government, was approved, and became effective on 9 August 2006.
		It entered the Catalan Parliament after the 2006 Catalan Parliament election, held soon after the Statute was passed, thus becoming the sixth political party with representation in this Parliament.
	www.search.com /reference/Catalan_Statute_of_Autonomy (734 words)

	Catalunya Lliure JA Free Catalonia! - A tots els patriotes catalans,que volen una Catalunya lliure.INDEPENDÈNCIA - (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Catalan Countries are a little nation without sovereignty, in the east of the Iberian Peninsula and south of the Pyrenean mountain range.
		The Catalan Countries are divided into three states: the Spanish state (93.41% of the territory and 96.64% of the population), the French state (5.92% and 3.16%) and Andorra (0,67% and 0,20%).
		The concept of country that joined the Catalan nation; that is, the lands that shared the Catalan language, differentiated from Latin centuries ago, appeared at least in the 12th century.
	www.freewebs.com /catalanet/inenglish.htm (2712 words)

	CalendarHome.com - - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The terms Catalan Countries (Catalan: Països Catalans) or Catalanofonia (quite similar, in the linguistic sense, to the French Francophonie, the Portuguese Lusofonia or the Spanish Hispanophone) includes all territories where the Catalan language is spoken.
		That is despite some of the major defenders or promoters of the "Catalan Countries" concept (such as Joan Fuster, Josep Guia or Vicent Partal) being born in the Valencian Autonomous Community (or any given Catalan speaking territory outside of the present Autonomous Community of Catalonia).
		This was actually spread inspired in the term "Occitan Countries" from the Oficina de Relacions Meridionals (Office of Southern relationships) in Barcelona by 1933.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=Catalan_Countries (845 words)

	Catalan Countries - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The term Catalan Countries (Catalan: Països Catalans) includes all territories where the Catalan language is spoken.
		Nowadays, the term is politically charged, and tends to be closely associated with Catalan nationalism and Catalan independentism.
		The term is inevitably controversial, because Catalan nationalism is controversial, especially in a Spanish context.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Catalan_Countries (444 words)

	Catalonia
		Catalonia (Catalan: Catalunya, Spanish: Catalu?a, French: Catalogne) is the core region of the area where Catalan is spoken, delimited by the Spanish autonomous region (comunitat aut?noma) of the same name in the north-east of Spain.
		The neighbouring Valencia region (Catalan: Val?ncia), the Balearic Islands (Catalan: Illes Balears), Andorra, and an adjacent area of Aragon (informally referred to as la Franja de Ponent) are closely associated with Catalonia historically and linguistically.
		Catalan Pyrenees: Val d'Aran in the north face, Pica d'Estats 3141 m., Puigmal 2911 m., Cerdanya depression, Perthus pass (near the ancient Roman road).
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ca/Catalonia.html (456 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Territory of the Basque Country (Basque: Euskal Herria, Spanish: País Vasco or Vascongadas) is a cultural region in the western Pyrenees that spans the border between France and Spain, extending down to the coast of the Bay of Biscay.
		The homeland of the Catalans is Catalonia, or the Principality of Catalonia (Catalan: Catalunya, or Principat de Catalunya), which is a historical region in southern Europe, embracing a territory situated in the north-east of Spain and an adjoining portion of southern France.
		The Catalan is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the autonomous communities of Catalonia, the Land of Valencia (under the name of Valencian) and the Balearic Islands in Spain, and in the city of L'Alguer in the Italian island of Sardinia.
	www.gamecheatz.net /games.php?title=Hispanic (5970 words)

	Meractor Media (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Catalan is the only official language in Andorra and it has official status in the Autonomous Community of València (where it is known as Valencià) and in the Balearic Islands.
		Catalan is also spoken in parts of Aragó (Aragon) and in the town of l'Alguer (Alghero) in Sardinia.
		Catalan is a Romance language, which is spoken by some 6.500.000 people (61.6 per cent) in the Catalan countries.
	www.aber.ac.uk /~merwww/english/lang/catalan.htm (707 words)

	Catalan Language (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Catalan, a language spoken by a population of around ten million, is, as French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, and Rumanian, a neo-latin language, that is, a language derived from Latin.
		Catalan is spoken mainly in the nort-eastern region of Spain (Catalonia, Valencia and the Balearic Islands), with notable encroachments in the South of France (Roussillon) and even in Italy (in the town of Alguer, on the island of Sardinia.) (see the map).
		The Catalan language is fairly homogeneous, although exist two main dialects or variants: the western (which includes Valencia, the western part of Catalonia and the eastern fringe of Aragon) and the eastern (which includes the rest of Catalonia, the Roussillon, the Balearics islands and Alguer).
	www.sola-sole.com /gcatala.htm (581 words)

	Catalonia - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site
		Catalonia (Catalan: Catalunya, Spanish: Cataluña, Aranese: Catalonha, French: Catalogne) is an Autonomous Community of Spain, in the north-east corner of the country.
		Catalan is one of the two official languages of Catalonia, as laid down in the Catalan Statute of Autonomy http://www10.gencat.net/gencat/AppJava/cat/generalitat/estatut/index.jsp; the other is Castilian (Spanish), which is the majority language of Spain and official in all of Spain as laid down by the 1978 Spanish Constitution.
		Catalan nationalist and federalist movements arose in the nineteenth century, and when the Second Spanish Republic was declared in 1931 Catalonia became an autonomous region.
	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=6822 (3285 words)

	Catalan people Biography,info
		The marriage of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon and the conquest of the last Muslim kingdom of Granada in 1492, tied Catalonia politically to the fate of the new Spanish kingdom, while a regional culture continued to survive and thrive.
		The Catalan failure to secede from Philip V's monarchy culminated in the surrender of Barcelona on September 11, 1714, which came to be commemorated as Catalonia's National day.
		It was not until 1975 and the death of Franco that the Catalans began to fully regain their right to a national identity, which was established by the Spanish Constitution of 1978.
	www.danceage.com /biography/sdmc_Catalan_people (1494 words)

	Catalonia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Catalonia (Catalan : Catalunya Spanish : Cataluña French : Catalogne) is a region and Spanish autonomous region (Comunidad autónoma) in the north-east of the Spanish state.
		Catalonia constitutes the original nucleus and the important and extensive territory of Catalan language and culture but the norm in is Catalan-Castilian bilingualism and this is one the first things the visitor notices upon the territory.
		A Catalan nationalist movement arose in the century and when the Spanish Republic was in 1931 Catalonia became an autonomous region.
	www.freeglossary.com /Catalonia (1430 words)

	Catalan language - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site
		According to the Ethnologue, its specific classification is a member of the East Iberian branch of the Ibero-Romance branch of the Gallo-Iberian branch of the Western branch of the Italo-Western branch of the Romance branch of the Italic branch of the Indo-European language famiily.
		Catalan developed by the 9th century from Vulgar Latin on both sides of the eastern part of Pyrenees mountains (counties of Roussillon, Empuries, Besalú, Cerdagne, Urgell, Pallars and Ribagorça).
		Catalan was exported in the 13th century to Balearic Islands and the newly created Valencian Kingdom by the Catalan and Aragonese invaders (note that the area of Catalan language still extends to part of what is now the region of Aragon).
	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=5282 (1258 words)

	ipedia.com: Catalonia Article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Catalonia (Catalan: Catalunya, Spanish: Cataluña, French: Catalogne) is a region and Spanish autonomous region (Comunidad autónoma) in the north-east of the Spanish state.
		A Catalan nationalist movement arose in the nineteenth century, and when the Spanish Republic was declared in 1931, Catalonia became an autonomous region.
		One of the keys to Catalan politics is the fact that Barcelona, because it attracts migrants from all over Spain and Latin America, is a majority Spanish-speaking city, particularly in working-class areas, while the rural regions, and the middle and high-class urban areas, remain solidly Catalan-speaking.
	fav.ipedia.com /catalonia.html (1304 words)

	CATALAN COUNTRIES' FIGHT, FORWARD TO FREEDOM : Cleveland IMC (((i)))
		Nowadays the official use of the Catalan language is shared with the Spanish language in the Catalan countries except the North of Catalonia, where it has no official status.
		The Catalan language disappeared from all the public organisms, its use was banned and it was also banned to teach it in schools.
		The Catalan language could only be used in the family life, and those that showed any Catalan sign, or those that had been elected members of the Catalan government were imprisoned, assassinated or had to go into exile.
	cleveland.indymedia.org /news/2005/02/14739.php (1928 words)

	Forum 2004 - Documents: Sustaining Vulnerable Cultures
		His attitude toward the Catalan language and culture was similar, and the public authorities withdrew all support for Catalan.
		As far as initiatives by the Catalan government are concerned, Forès pointed to the creation of Xarxanet by the Department of Welfare and the Family, as well as a program to teach Catalan to immigrants in “everyday” places such as cafés or supermarkets.
		Catalan civic organizations protested against this discrimination by a government that described itself as Catalan nationalist, and there was a movement demanding that the Catalan Parliament legislate on the issue.
	www.barcelona2004.org /eng/banco_del_conocimiento/documentos/ficha.cfm?IdDoc=2081 (1291 words)

	Ethnologue: Spain
		Pallarese and Ribogorçan dialects are less similar to standard Catalan, speakers have less education, less contact with the standard, and live in high valleys of the Pyrenees.
		(GALEGO, GALLEGO) [GLN] 3,173,400 in Spain, 8.2% of the population (1986); 4,000,000 in all countries (1995 WA).
		ROMANI, VLACH [RMY] 500 to 1,000 Kalderash in Spain; 1,500,000 in all countries Vlach (1986 estimate).
	www.christusrex.org /www3/ethno/Spai.html (1795 words)

	ESL Forums :: View topic - Independencia de los países Catalanes !
		Catalan autonomy and culture were crushed to an unprecedented degree after the defeat of the Second Spanish Republic (founded 1931) in the Spanish Civil War (1936—1939) brought Francisco Franco to power.
		And you, are you for the sovereignty of Catalonia, or of Catalan countries, or not at all ?
		Catalan is spoken in Catalonia, Valencian Country, Balearic Islands, a part of Aragon, Andorra and Alghero, in Italy.
	www.englishclub.com /esl-forums/viewtopic.php?p=254704 (1825 words)

	Catalan Countries
		The term Catalan Countries (Catalan: PaÃ¯sos Catalans) refers to the territories where the Catalan language is spoken.
		However, there are also some Catalan-speaking places outside the Catalan Countries, such as El Carche in Murcia and the city of Alghero (L'Alguer) on the island of Sardinia.
		There are also, some, that while accepting the unity of the Catalan language, reject the existence of a common cultural community between the different areas.
	www.reboom.com /article/Catalan_Countries.html (512 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The reign of Ferdinand VII (reigned 1808—1833) saw several Catalan uprisings and after his death the conflict over the succession between the absolutist "Carlist" partisans of Infante Carlos and the liberal partisans of Isabella II led to the First Carlist War, which lasted until 1840 and was especially virulent in the Catalan territory.
		The Catalan workers movement at the turn of the twentieth century consisted of three tendencies: syndicalism, socialism, and anarchism, part of the last openly embracing "propaganda of the deed" as advocated by Alejandro Lerroux.
		The Catalan Generalitat was revived, and a September 1932 statute of autonomy for Catalonia gave a strong, though not absolute, grant of self-government.
	www.catalunyacafe.eu (5135 words)

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