An alphabet is a complete standardized set of letters â basic written symbols â each of which roughly represents a phoneme of a spoken language, either as it exists now or as it may have been in the past.
In linguistics, a diaeresis or dieresis (AE) (from Greek diairein, to divide) is the modification of a syllable by distinctly pronouncing one of its vowels.
Variants of the Latin alphabet are used by the writing systems of many languages throughout the world.
Afrikaans, Catalan, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Kurdish, Norwegian, Slovak and Spanish use all 26 letters.
The Norwegian alphabet is currently identical with the Danish alphabet, but lately it has been proposed to add the letter Kjell to the Norwegian alphabet (after the letter L), so that the sound which is commonly spelled kj may be written with a single letter.
Catalan appeared as a distinct language during the 10th and 11th centuries.
The founding of the Institut d'Estudis Catalans (Institute of Catalan Studies) in 1907 led to the language being codified through the publication of Normes ortogràfiques (Spelling Rules) in 1913, the Diccionari ortogràfic (Spelling Dictionary) in 1917, and the Gramàtica catalana (Catalan Grammar) by Pompeu Fabra in 1918.
During the Second Republic (1931-1939), Catalan was restored to its official language status, which it had lost in the 18th century.
www.omniglot.com /writing/catalan.htm (506 words)
Catalan alphabet -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
The Catalan (A character set that includes letters and is used to write a language) alphabet comes from the (The alphabet evolved by the ancient Romans which serves for writing most of the languages of western Europe) Roman alphabet
Note that usually Catalan has the rule one-letter-one-sound (but no one-sound-one-letter) but there are special combinations of letters with more sounds.
Note the existence of the character "320;" (l with dot) that is used to represent a sound but it is not considered a letter itself.
Catalan language, member of the Romance group of the Italic subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages.
It is spoken by about 8 million people in Catalonia, Valencia, the Balearic Islands, and part of Aragon in Spain, in the region of Roussillon in SE France, the city of Alghero in Sardinia, and in the tiny nation Andorra (where it is the official tongue).
Like the other Romance languages, Catalan is descended from Latin.
Catalan literature, like the Catalan language, developed in close connection with that of Provence.
From the rise of Castile during the Renaissance, Catalan literature was eclipsed until the 19th cent., when it experienced a marked revival.
Although Catalan literary life proceeded underground, it was not until well after World War II that normal activity was resumed, reflected in the establishment of awards such as the City of Barcelona Prize for Catalan Poetry.
Alphabets derived from the Latin(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
Afrikaans, Catalan, Danish, English, Finnish, French, German, Kurdish, Norwegian, Slovak and Spanish are using all 26 letters.
The letters J, W and U (or, rather the distinction between I and J, between U and V and between W and VV) were added to the Latin alphabet only in Mediæval times, as were the digraphs Æ and and all lowercase letters.
The Norwegian alphabet is currently identical with the Danish alphabet, but lately it has been proposed to add the letter Kjell to the Norwegian alphabet (after the letter L), so that the sound which is commonly spelled kj may be written with a single letter.
Catalan is a latin language which means that it has the same roots as
Valencià's vocabulary is mostly Catalan whereas its pronunciation seems to be closest to the Spanish one (which not means Valencià's pronunciation comes from Spanish one!).
Catalan A, E and O have different sounds if they are stressed or not.
[No title](Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
It also appears in the German alphabet, where it represents "U" with umlaut, and is alphabetized together with "U".
In Spanish and Catalan "" is the letter "U" with a diaeresis, indicating that "U" is pronounced in a position where it would not normally be, specifically between a "G" and an "E" or "I" in Spanish and Catalan and between a "Q" and "E" or "I" in Catalan
Another use exclusive of Catalan language consist into separate two vowels that without the diaeresis would sound together in the same syllable.
I have the TY book...You can give examples in any Romance language, since I more or less study most of them and know some...Comparisons with Spanish, French and Italian would be welcome...
Catalan words are usually shorter than any other Romance language.
Nouns can be feminin or masculine (as we saw when we learnt 'the article' which must have the same genre and number of the noun).
In biblical criticism, Q is an abbreviation used by scholars of the New Testament to describe the Q document, a hypothetical lost written "source" (German, Quelle, hence, Q) behind the Synoptic Gospels.
Some languages are in more than one alphabet (for instance English is in almost every alphabet) so to indicate which alphabet is considered primary for a given language, it is printed in bold.
Latin 3 (Southern & Esperanto - ISO 8859/3) alphabet
Albanian, Breton, Catalan, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, Gaelic, German, Italian, Kurdish (Latin), Norwegian, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish and Turkish.
www.eff.co.uk /A/Alpha.htm (438 words)
Catalan language on Encyclopedia.com(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
Bibliography: See W. Entwistle, The Spanish Language, Together with Portuguese, Catalan and Basque (2d ed.
Seekport launches country-based search engine in Spain; Provides search capabilities in Catalan, Basque and Galician as well as official language Castellan - www.seekport.com.es.
Publication: Search Engine Watch; Author: Danny Sullivan ; Source: MAGAZINES
For more linguistic affiliation, language variation, orthography, linguistic sketch, and history of Cantonese language UCLA Language Materials Project has a good linguistics and interlingual information on Cantonese.
Cantonese language is included in the Speech Assessment Methods Phonetic Alphabet (SAMPA) which is a computer-readable phonetic script using 7-bit printable ASCII characters based on the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).
More information on how we translate your Cantonese documents for the U.S. Immigration and frequently asked questions on our translation process