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Topic: Catalan language

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	Catalan Language - ninemsn Encarta
		Catalan Language, language that originated in Catalonia and Valencia, regions in eastern and north-eastern Spain.
		Catalan is spoken by around 6,667,000 people as a first language, in Spain, in the provinces of Aragón, Catalonia, Murcia, Valencia, and the Balearic Islands; in Andorra (where it is an official language); in Italy, in Alghero, Sardinia; in France, in nearly the whole of the Pyrénées-Orientales; and in parts of South America.
		The Catalan language is a Romance language and was the official language of the Kingdom of Aragón in the 12th century.
	au.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761562725/Catalan_Language.html (472 words)

	Catalan language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Catalan IPA: /ˈkʰætəˌlæn/ (català /kətə'la/ or /kata'la/) is a Romance language, the official language of Andorra and co-official in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Valencia (under the name Valencian) and Catalonia.
		The language was spread to the south by the Reconquista in several phases: Barcelona and Tarragona, Lleida and Tortosa, the ancient Kingdom of Valencia, and transplanted to the Balearic Islands and l'Alguer (Alghero).
		During the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth centuries the Catalan language was important in the Mediterranean region.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Catalan_language (2397 words)

	Catalan Studies: Language and Character
		Catalan is a dynamic characteristic of Catalonia and one of its most distinctive features - you'll hear Catalan being spoken wherever you go in the region.
		Catalan has an important media presence too: there are two dedicated Catalan TV channels and a Catalan-language national newspaper as well as 5 regional newspapers are published in Catalan.
		The Language Act (1983), which was backed by all the political parties in the Catalan parliament, asserts that the recognition of Catalan as Catalonia’s own language is a fundamental right and and a duty which can never be given up by the Catalan people.
	www.hispanic.bham.ac.uk /CatalanStudies/character.htm (507 words)

	Catalan Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Catalan, a language spoken by a population of around ten million, is, as French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, and Rumanian, a neo-latin language, that is, a language derived from Latin.
		Catalan is spoken mainly in the nort-eastern region of Spain (Catalonia, Valencia and the Balearic Islands), with notable encroachments in the South of France (Roussillon) and even in Italy (in the town of Alguer, on the island of Sardinia.) (see the map).
		The Catalan language is fairly homogeneous, although exist two main dialects or variants: the western (which includes Valencia, the western part of Catalonia and the eastern fringe of Aragon) and the eastern (which includes the rest of Catalonia, the Roussillon, the Balearics islands and Alguer).
	www.sola-sole.com /gcatala.htm (581 words)

	Catalan_language information. LANGUAGE SCHOOL EXPLORER
		Catalan IPA: [ËkÊ°Ã¦.tÉËlÃ¦n] (catalÃ IPA: [kÉ.tÉ'la] or [ka.ta'la]) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia, and in the city of L'Alguer in the Italian island of Sardinia.
		In Valencia, as in America, the language is generally rhotic (that is, final "r" is pronounced); in Catalonia, as in England, it generally is not.
		Catalan language developed by the 9th century from Vulgar Latin on both sides of the eastern part of Pyrenees mountains (counties of Roussillon, Empuries, BesalÃº, Cerdanya, Urgell, Pallars and RibagorÃ§a).
	language.school-explorer.com /Catalan (2621 words)

	Mercator Media
		Catalan is the only official language in Andorra and it has official status in the Autonomous Community of València (where it is known as Valencià) and in the Balearic Islands.
		Catalan is also spoken in parts of Aragó (Aragon) and in the town of l'Alguer (Alghero) in Sardinia.
		Catalan is a Romance language, which is spoken by some 6.500.000 people (61.6 per cent) in the Catalan countries.
	www.aber.ac.uk /cgi-bin/user/merwww/index.pl?rm=lang_detail;id=49;lang=1 (707 words)

	Catalan language, alphabet and pronunciation
		It is the official language of Andorra and an official language, along with Spanish, in Catalonia (Catalunya), Valencia (Comunitat Valenciana), the Balearic Islands and the Sardinian city of Alghero (l'Alguer).
		Catalan appeared as a distinct language during the 10th and 11th centuries.
		Catalan is used as a medium of instruction in many schools, it is also used extensively in the media and in government.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/catalan.htm (565 words)

	Símbols nacionals: La llengua catalana
		Catalan is one of the group of western neo-Latin languages, together with Spanish, Portuguese and French, the most widely-spoken languages in the same family.
		The legal framework on language in Spain is to be found in the 1978 Constitution, mainly in article 3, and in the statutes of autonomy of Catalonia, Valencia, the Balearic Islands and Aragon.
		Catalan went through various periods of prohibition and even of repression, such that changes in the extent to which the language was used in its own territory from the 18th century on were due to politics rather than to any socio-cultural reasons.
	www.odontocat.com /angles/symbols6.htm (1616 words)

	Catalan language information - Search.com
		Catalan developed by the 9th century from Vulgar Latin on both sides of the eastern part of Pyrenees mountains (counties of Roussillon, Empuries, Besalú, Cerdanya, Urgell, Pallars and Ribagorça).
		The language was spread to the south by the Reconquista in several phases: Barcelona and Tarragona, Lleida and Tortosa, the ancient Kingdom of Valencia, and transplanted to the Balearic Islands and l'Alguer (Alghero).
		Catalan was exported in the thirteenth century to the Balearic Islands and the newly created Valencian Kingdom by the Catalan and Aragonese invaders (note that the area of Catalan language still extends to part of what is now the region of Aragon).
	www.search.com /reference/Catalan_language (2035 words)

	Euromosaic - Catalan in the Balearic Islands (Spain)
		Catalan was the official language of Menorca during the period of British domination (18th century), whereas in the other islands the Bourbon monarchy imposed the use of Castilian Spanish for administration and education and it was adopted by the ruling classes.
		Education in the Balearic Islands is the responsibility of central government, although the teaching of Catalan and language standardisation in general are the responsibility, under the Autonomous Statute, of the Balearic government.
		Catalan never accounts for more than 10% of the content of these newspapers and is limited to specific columns (articles by external correspondents on culture or the rural world, letters to the editor, death notices) and some occasional weekly supplements, the largest of which are published by the Gran Enciclopèdia de Mallorca (60,000 copies each).
	www.uoc.edu /euromosaic/web/document/catala/an/i3/i3.html (3279 words)

	Catalan Language. Catalonia. Generalitat of Catalonia
		Catalan is also the language of an extensive area covering the eastern part of the Spanish State (the Balearic Islands, Valencia, and a part of Aragon -the Franja de Ponent or Western Marches-), Andorra, where it is the only official language, the south of France (the so-called Northern Catalonia) and the Italian city of Alghero.
		It is one of the Romance or Neolatin languages formed inmediately after the dissolution of Latin between the 8th and the 10th centuries in the territories of the Carolingian Empire that formed the Hispanic March.
		The language experienced a period of decline with respect to learned literature during the Renaissance and Baroque period, but it was kept for legislation and Administration, and as popular language, until the Renaixença (second half of the 19th century), a movement that restored Catalan to its literary category.
	www.gencat.net /catalunya/eng/llengua.htm (339 words)

	Catalan Language - MSN Encarta
		Catalan Language, language that originated in Catalonia, a region in northeastern Spain.
		Catalan is spoken in Spain, in the autonomous regions of Catalonia and València and in the Balearic Islands; in France, in nearly the whole of the Pyrénées-Orientales; in Andorra; and in Alghero in Sardinia.
		For years some philologists held that it was merely a dialectal offshoot of Provençal and that during the Middle Ages it had raised itself for a time to the dignity of a literary language.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761562725/Catalan_Language.html (131 words)

	BBC Education - Languages
		Catalan is a modern Romance language, closely related to Occitan (the language spoken in southern France).
		It's the official language of Andorra and co-official with Spanish in Catalonia and the Balearic Islands.
		Valencian, regarded by some as a variant of the Catalan language, is spoken in the region of Valencia.
	www.bbc.co.uk /languages/european_languages/languages/catalan.shtml (865 words)

	Learn Catalan Language - Free Conversational Catalan Lessons Online - Common Catalan Words and Phrases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Phrasebase drastically simplifies the language learning process by prioritizing the various components of learning and focusing your study efforts on the areas of greatest importance.
		The key is to immerse yourself in the language and use it as often as possible in order to build up your skills of speaking it and listening to it, understanding and comprehending it...
		Catalan Language Exchange Pen-Pals - Community of people from around the world interested in teaching you their language and sharing their culture with you.
	www.phrasebase.com /learn/catalan.php (1866 words)

	Catalan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Catalan forge, an early type of open-hearth furnace
		Catalan vault, an architectural feature (also known as a Catalan arch or a Catalan turn)
		Catalan Communications, a publisher of graphic novels during the 1980s
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Catalan (145 words)

	Kristen Razy Hansen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		According to Vallverdú, it was this moving away from the original dialect that caused "a typical case of diglossia: the H(igh) language was Latin (used as the formal language and in all kinds of written documents), while the L(ow) language was the Romance of the Marca (used by everybody in normal speech)" (15).
		However, "Catalan never ceased to be spoken or written, and remained the normal medium of elementary education, business, and regional government affairs until early in the eighteenth century" (Azevedo 307).
		The survival of the Catalan language, then, will depend on the will and dedication of its people, as they fight to overcome the conflict that is so much a part of their history.
	linguistics.byu.edu /classes/ling450ch/reports/catalan.htm (2162 words)

	[No title]
		Catalan is one of the group of western Romanic languages, together with Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and French, the most widely-spoken languages in the same family.
		Catalan is the language of the artists Gaudí, Miró, Dalí, Brossa, Bohigas, Tàpies, Domènech i Montaner, etc. It's also the language of the musicians Josep Carreras, Clavé, Montserrat Caballé, Pau Casals, Lluís Llach, Jordi Savall, Tete Montoliu and Frederic Mompou.
		The first known text written entirely in Catalan is the translation of a small section of the Liber iudiciorum, the Visigoth code of laws of the second half of the 12th century.
	www.geocities.com /irturrad/language.html (1968 words)

	Catalan Wikitravel Expedition - Wikitravel Shared
		The Catalan Wikitravel Expedition is an expedition to launch a Catalan-language version of Wikitravel, according to the language version policy.
		Catalan is the native language of a mediterranean area with an excellent backgroung on travel and tourism.
		In addition, Catalan speakers could add information on their native and adopted countries, regions, and cities to the ca: version of Wikitravel that could then be translated to other languages.
	wikitravel.org /shared/Catalan_Wikitravel_Expedition (439 words)

	The Catalan Language
		Catalan (Català) is a Romance language understood by as many as 12 million people in portions of Spain, France, Andorra and Italy, and spoken by more than 7 millions.
		By the end of the 10th century Catalan was already a fully-formed language, clearly distinguishable from its Latin origins.
		Catalan retained its vigour until the union of the Aragonese and Castilian crowns in 1474.
	www.telefonica.net /web2/catalannation/catalan.htm (331 words)

	Catalan language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The language was born in early Middle Ages in Catalonia, a region in northeastern Spain.
		Catalan is spoken, in Spain, in the provinces of Gerona, Lérida, Barcelona, Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia, Alicante, and the Balearic Islands; in France, in nearly the whole of the Pyrénées-Orientales; in Andorra where it is one of the official languages; and in parts of Cuba and Argentina.
		Ranged sometimes in the group of Hispanic languages, Catalan has a character as distinctive as that of Castilian (Spanish), Portuguese, and Galician.
	members.tripod.com /~babaev/tree/catalan.html (140 words)

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