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Catalan people - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Catalans, though related to the larger group of Spanish people and to a lesser extent ethnic French people (especially Occitans), are in many ways a group unto themselves with qualities that make them something of a transitional group. It was during this period that a Catalan national identity fully emerged as Barcelona became an important center of Christian forces in the Iberian peninsula. It was not until 1975 and the death of Franco that the Catalans began to fully regain their right to a national identity, which was established by the Spanish Constitution of 1978. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Catalan_people   (1481 words)

<Catalan> There is an extensive literature in Catalan, which dates from the medieval times of Joanot Martorell and Ramón Llull to present times, with authors publishing in all possible genres (I like Jaume Fuster and Maria Mercè Roca) and and important editorial industry of classic and contemporary translations. Catalan people have a strong feeling of cultural identity, and discussions about the constitution of an independent Catalan state are a current topic in public and private conversations. The Catalan case is often cited as a relatively successful example of language planification and revitalization. sophia.smith.edu /~ejuarros/Catalan.htm   (346 words)

BBC Education - Languages Catalan is a modern Romance language, closely related to Occitan (the language spoken in southern France). The majority of the 10,500,000 inhabitants of the Catalan countries operate with both Catalan and Spanish and it's estimated that about half of them have Catalan as their mother tongue. Some 3,000,000 other people speak Catalan as their second or third language, with 2 million more understanding but not being able to speak it. www.bbc.co.uk /languages/european_languages/languages/catalan.shtml   (301 words)

Kristen Razy Hansen According to Vallverdú, it was this moving away from the original dialect that caused "a typical case of diglossia: the H(igh) language was Latin (used as the formal language and in all kinds of written documents), while the L(ow) language was the Romance of the Marca (used by everybody in normal speech)" (15). It remains a mystery as to whether or not the Catalan people possess the desire and the endurance to continue the fight. The survival of the Catalan language, then, will depend on the will and dedication of its people, as they fight to overcome the conflict that is so much a part of their history. linguistics.byu.edu /classes/ling450ch/reports/catalan.htm   (2162 words)

Wikinfo | Catalonia   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25) Catalonia (Catalan: Catalunya, Spanish: Cataluña, French: Catalogne) is the core region of the area where Catalan is spoken, delimited by the Spanish autonomous region (comunitat autònoma) of the same name in the north-east of the Spanish state. The neighbouring Valencia region (Catalan: València), the Balearic Islands (Catalan: Illes Balears), Andorra, and an adjacent area of Aragon (informally referred to as la Franja de Ponent) are closely associated with Catalonia historically and linguistically. A Catalan nationalist movement arose in the nineteenth century, and when the Spanish Republic was declared in 1931, Catalonia became an autonomous region. www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Catalonia   (1086 words)

Catalan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A Catalan speaker, whether or not from Catalonia proper (see Catalan Countries). Catalan forge, an early type of open-hearth furnace Catalan vault, an architectural feature (also known as a Catalan arch or a Catalan turn) en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Catalan   (145 words)

THE CATALAN LANGUAGE IN EUROPE : Italy imc   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25) Catalan was one of the languages appeared after the collapse of the most well-known globalization of the ancient times, Roman Empire. Catalan is a language with a fully developed normative, with grammatic, lexicographic, historic studies, etc., with a level comparable to the Latin languages more diffused and consolidated. Catalan area is divided by state and sub-state borders, with different degrees of recognition according to the different territories (from officiality recognition to any kind of recognition). italy.indymedia.org /mail.php?id=571282   (2293 words)

UPF - Exchange students talk: "Why did I learn Catalan?" I'm married to a Catalan and would like to talk to her, to her family and to her friends in their language. I study Catalan because in my studies it is very important to know many languages, and also because I believe that a language tells a lot about the people who speaks it and about their culture. At the beginning it was very hard to understand Catalan people, but I have heard the opinion of the people from here and I have learned to understand their feelings. www.upf.es /grec/gl/eng/voluntariate/whylearn.htm   (4349 words)

What's Racó literari? Catalan, a sister language to Latin, has had its times of glory as well as other less fortunate times in keeping with different events in history. The country where Catalan is still spoken is made up of four states (please see map): Spain where a majority of the population is catalan-speaking, France – a country with a strong centralist and unitarian tradition, Italy where 20,000 catalan-speakers populate today the city of Alguer and Andorra where Catalan is the official language. Catalan, is spoken basically in the following four autonomous communities within the Spanish state: Principality (Catalonia), Valencian Country, the Balearic Islands and Aragon (Ponent Strip). www.racocatala.com /dicpracom/RC_whats.htm   (347 words)

Catalan Solidarity Action - Indymedia Ireland Catalan Solidarity Mural Jul 30 07 by Catalan Solidarity During today’s solidarity action the Catalan flag (Estelada) was raised on Free Derry Wall as a symbolic gesture of solidarity to the Catalan people as part the ‘300 years of occupation- 300 years of resistance’ campaign. The Catalan people are fully aware of the enormous strength and courage that the people of Derry and the Bogside in particular in facing down oppression. www.indymedia.ie /article/82178   (656 words)

Digital Analogue: The languages of Barcelona When people talk, I definitely hear a fair number speaking in Spanish, not Catalan, even in the less touristy areas. But I'd think that if there really is this nationalistic feeling that Catalan is a full language, the local language, and just as good as Spanish, they'd want to try using it more, relying on Spanish (and English) more as fallback languages. Catalan is really used quite a bit; it is especially noticable when interacting on a business or education level (one example are the University of Barcelona's stats showing that about 70% of their filology department's classes are taught in Catalan). www.blahedo.org /blog/archives/000557.html   (526 words)

Catalan Countries' fight, forward to freedom : Thunderbay IMC   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25) The Catalan Countries are divided in sections by the Spanish state in three "regions": Principality of Catalonia (four provinces), Valencian Country (three provinces), and the Balearic Islands (one province). The Catalan language disappeared from all the public organisms, its use was banned and it was also banned to teach it in schools. The Catalan language could only be used in the family life, and those that showed any Catalan sign, or those that had been elected members of the Catalan government were imprisoned, assassinated or had to go into exile. thunderbay.indymedia.org /print.php?id=18692   (1807 words)

Is Esperanto better than English? (page 3) | Antimoon Forum   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25) Catalan has 8 million speakers and 40% of Spaniards live in what we call bilingual societies where the local tongue is spoken and heard more often than not. People in Southern France speak French with accents that are closer to Italian or Catalan and people in Paris tend to laugh at people from Marseille. People don't necessarily think the way their government do, else bullocks the like of anti-americanism would be justified. www.antimoon.com /forum/posts/3696-3.htm   (1946 words)

UPF - Exchange students talk: "Reasons for studying Catalan" It is easier to speak in the same language of the people you are talking to. It is the language of the people, so I want to be able to understand them and to talk to them in their language. Also because the 75% of my lessons are taught in Catalan and because it is the language that people speaks here, where I will live for the next ten months”. www.upf.es /grec/gl/eng/voluntariate/reasons.htm   (3045 words)

Re: Geeze, I can't hold it anymore   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25) Not to mention lots of people (curiously mostly spaniards) living for 40+ years in there with ~0 knowledge of catalan (of course to catalans it should be wonderful to see such stats). Not that catalan people make a drama of that, because bilinguism is natural to most of them, but it is something that tells you a lot about what's the real state of things and what is what castilian-speakers expect. Lots of people came in, and some of them ignored catalan all the way (a nice way to tell people who receive and host you how much do you respect them, very much spaniard way of telling you are dominated by the Empire). dot.kde.org /1140724107/1140733855/1140793768/1140823282/1140832446   (1742 words)

Sardana: Catalan Dancing in Barcelona This Barcelona Catalan dance is a symbol of Catalan unity and pride. His dislike for the Catalans was such that he enforced many crippling laws in an attempt to remove the traditions and language of the Catalan culture and thus make Spain a uniform state. The Catalan dancing is complimented by a ‘cobla’ a small group of musicians accompanying the dance with a selection of brass instruments and lead by the ‘flaviol’ a type of flute whilst the tambourine sets the rhythm. www.barcelona-tourist-guide.com /en/general/catalan-dancing-sardana.html   (649 words)

Catalan Solidarity Catalan Solidarity: Ireland Committee will be hosting a public meeting that will include a video showing of 'A Tornllom' an insight into a Catalan community's 10 years resistance against their eviction and demolition of their land,and the participation from the Donegal network activists of MAOR. We are grateful to the organisers of Féile for their support and people of this city who have known only too well, the horrors and injustices of the imperialist occupation and we are mindful of that”. Catalan Solidarity has been inspired by the work of Catalan Anti-Repressive organisations such as Alerta Solidària and Rescat, who were set up with the aim of supporting Catalan people who have been imprisoned by the Spanish government for politically motivated activism. www.catalansolidarity.blogspot.com   (2460 words)

Minority Languages in Spain Catalan nation building has always centered on maintaining their language, and recent government led incentives at its revitalization have resulted in the nearly universal ability of the population of the region to at least understand the language. Furthermore, because the Catalan language is relatively similar to Castilian, it was a significantly smaller task for immigrants to learn the local language, and the pervasive use of Catalan in everyday life gave them ample incentive to learn it. Pau Puig, an advisor to the Catalan government, says that the nation is in the process of reworking their Catalan identity, to focus on modern issues such as the accommodation of immigrants, and tolerance for other ways of life[62]. www.sit-edu-geneva.ch /minority_languages_in_spain.htm   (7996 words)

Culture : Basque & Catalan Spain, Portugal No written historical records exist for the Basques; however, recent discoveries indicate ancestral connections to Cro-Magnon man. Perhaps the chief reason the Basque culture remains intact is the character of the people and the natural boundaries. Steeped in a rich history that predates the Greek and Roman days, today’s Catalan Spain nurtures a well-preserved language and a distinct culture. Catalan Spain occupies a small northeastern part of Spain, touching the Pyrenees Mountains, France’s southern border and the Mediterranean coastline. www.cobblestonetours.com /culture/index.phtml   (649 words)

Pintxo People - Home Terry Durack (restaurant critic of the year) “Pintxo People is Catalan but also Brighton, classy but cool, romantic but professional, glamorous but friendly, casual but serious, deeply modern but comfy…” ‘15/20 VERY GOOD’ Dos Hermanos – “As you may gather from the many pictures of Martini’s on the blog, I am a great admirer of a good mixologist and Toby and his cohort, Marcus are amongst the very best I have encountered. We opened Pintxo People after being inspired by the many incredible bars and eateries in Barcelona, which included authentic rustic local tapas bars, and innovative incredible neuvo Spanish dining restaurants, serving modern catalan cuisine. www.pintxopeople.co.uk   (360 words)

Original Teaching Idea The Catalan rivers are not very long; this is not surprising, as the distance from the mountains to the coastline is relatively short. This historic defeat has become a symbolic reference for the Catalans, who suffered a great deal as their way of life was severely affected. Among the Catalan political parties there are CIU, ERC, IC, PI and PSC, led respectively by Jordi Pujol, Josep Lluís Carod-Rovira, Rafel Ribó, Àngel Colom and Narcís Serra. www.geocities.com /TheTropics/Lagoon/6202/original.htm   (3642 words)

BBC NEWS | World | Europe | Catalan concerns over EU vote Controversially, those leading the "No" campaign are the Catalan nationalists of Esquerra Republicana (ERC) or Republican Left, a key ally of the ruling socialists. Although regions like Catalonia already enjoy a large degree of autonomy, with control over culture, education and health, Catalan nationalists want more - a greater voice for what they call "stateless nations" in Europe and official EU status for their languages. After all, they argue, Catalan is spoken by around 10 million people, more than the population of several new EU member states like Malta, Estonia or Slovakia. news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/europe/4273977.stm   (1064 words)

Bilingual Newsgroups in Catalonia: A Challenge for Machine Translation   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25) Catalan speakers tend to use Spanish if they know the addressee is not a native Catalan speaker, even if the addressee is able to understand Catalan. That is, Catalan is the language used in educational material as well as by teachers when addressing students in the virtual environments. In terms of orthography, the most common problem is accentuation: 37.6%, in Catalan, and 46.8%, in Spanish, of all deviations involve accentuation, regardless of the fact that in Spanish this seems, for the most part, to be intentional (systematic lack of accentuation) and in Catalan, to be unintentional mistakes. jcmc.indiana.edu /vol9/issue1/climent.html   (8982 words)

Odontocat: History of Catalonia < Origins of Catalan Political Institutions The heads of the House of Barcelona were to govern the Catalan people for the better part of five centuries. Throughout the centuries, the Catalan nation has had various political institutions and forms of government, each one appropriate to its time, with varying degrees of sovereignty. The exercise of their rights and liberties and the authority of their institutions were interrupted against the will of the people for long stretches of time throughout the history of Catalonia. www.odontocat.com /angles/history1.htm   (567 words)

Joys and Sorrows, Chapter Eleven That moment was a triumph for the people of all Spain-for the people of all nations. The Catalan people adored him, and in towns and villages throughout Catalonia he was called el avi-"the grandfather"-he was more than a father to the people, he was their grandfather! Many people were outraged by the rebellion and maddened by the deaths of their fellow citizens. www.cello.org /heaven/joys/chap11.htm   (6453 words)

Le Catalan French Cafe Wine Bar/Shop   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25) LE CATALAN ~ Catalonia is a Mediterranean region nestled between southeastern France and northeastern Spain. The history of the Catalan people dates back to the 8th century. The French region of Catalan is a wine growing area renowned for its fortified wines: Banyuls, Rivesaltes... www.lecatalan.com /pages/896260   (75 words)

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