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Topic: Catastrophism

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Theory of Punctuated Equilibrium

Sir Charles Lyell

Intelligent Design Theory

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James Hutton

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Gradualism

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Modern synthesis

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Uniformitarianism

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	catastrophism - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		catastrophism, in geology, the doctrine that at intervals in the earth's history all living things have been destroyed by cataclysms (e.g., floods or earthquakes) and replaced by an entirely different population.
		The theory, popularly accepted from the earliest times, was attacked in the late 18th cent., notably by James Hutton, who may be regarded as the precursor of the opposite doctrine of uniformitarianism.
		Catastrophism, however, was more easily correlated with religious doctrines (e.g., the Mosaic account of the Flood) and remained for some time the interpretation of the earth's history accepted by the great majority of geologists.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-catastro.html (367 words)

	Catastrophism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The leading scientific scientific proponent of catastrophism in the early 19th century was the French anatomist and paleontologist Georges Cuvier.
		While he did speculate that the catastrophe responsible for the most recent extinctions in Eurasia might have been the result of the inundation of low lying areas by the sea, he never made any reference to the Noachian flood.
		Two early proponents of the uniformitarian explanations for the formation of sedimentary rock and the beginnings of an understanding of the immense stretch of geological time or 'Deep time' were the eighteenth century 'father of geology' James Hutton and the nineteenth century geologist Charles Lyell.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Catastrophism (1557 words)

	The Biblical Flood and the Ice Epoch
		The basis for 18th century catastrophism was apparent; part of it was religious, part of it was historical, part of it was geological, part of it was astronomical.
		Catastrophism 3 billion miles away is one thing; catastrophism 1 billion miles away is much the same in perspective.
		Catastrophism 150 million miles away is something a little different; catastrophism 1/4 of a million miles away would be quite a different consideration.
	www.creationism.org /patten/PattenBiblFlood/PattenBiblFlood03.htm (6350 words)

	Catastrophism (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.umd.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Catastrophism is the idea that many of Earth’s crustal features (strata layers, erosion, polystrate fossils, etc) formed as a result of past cataclysmic activity.
		Catastrophism is contrary to Uniformitarianism, the accepted geological doctrine for over 150 years.
		Prior to the introduction of Uniformitarianism, Catastrophism was the accepted geological doctrine.
	www.catastrophism.net.cob-web.org:8888 (463 words)

	Catastrophism
		This notion of coherent catastrophism is highly controversial.
		Cosmic impacts are not the only catastrophic occurrences to affect the Earth.
		Terrestrial catastrophes such as volcanos and earthquakes offer a more common source of danger.
	www.pibburns.com /catastro.htm (1588 words)

	Catastrophism \| World of Earth Science
		Catastrophism is the argument that Earth's features—including mountains, valleys, and lakes—primarily formed and shaped as a result of the periodic but sudden forces as opposed to gradual change that takes place over a long period of time.
		Although geologists may argue about the extent of catastrophism in shaping the earth, modern geologists interpret many formations and events as resulting from an interplay catastrophic and uniform forces that result in more slowly evolving change.
		Catastrophism developed in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries when, by tradition and even by law, scientists used the Bible and other religious documents as a scientific documents.
	www.bookrags.com /research/catastrophism-woes-01 (472 words)

	Catastrophism - EvoWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Catastrophism is the assumption that geological features are shaped by catastrophic events, such as collision of planets or a worldwide flood.
		The debate between catastrophism and uniformitarianism raged at the beginning of the 19th century, with Georges Cuvier the proponent of the former, and Charles Lyell of the latter.
		They often mistake "uniformitarianism" for "tranquility", although uniformitarian geology does not have to be tranquil (for example, the shaping of the Himalayan mountain range when the Indian subcontinent collided into Asia was anything but tranquil).
	wiki.cotch.net /index.php/Catastrophism (449 words)

	Catastrophism Versus Uniformitarianism
		Catastrophism versus uniformitarianism describes alternative process which could be primarily responsible for the formation the geological strata and embedded fossils.
		Catastrophism was accepted as the only possible explanation until the about the 18th century.
		Catastrophism taught that the geologic rock strata were primarily a result of catastrophes like the worldwide flood of Noah.
	allaboutcreation.org /catastrophism-versus-uniformitarianism-faq.htm (483 words)

	Christianity & Catastrophism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		A "catastrophist" in the modern sense is somebody trying to put forward a claim that there is some scientific basis for believing in cosmic catastrophes such as the flood.
		Proving even one such event of course destroys the entire foundations of evolution, geology, astronomy, and several other disciplines as they are presently taught and all such attempts arouse a fierce reaction from entrenched academics in these disciplines.
		The most major starting point for understanding modern catastrophism is Velikovsky's "Worlds in Collision", a little book which was a runaway international bestseller for about two months in 1950 before being essentially banned, McMillan being told to drop the book or cease being able to sell textbooks in North America.
	catastrophism.designeduniverse.com (415 words)

	Catastrophism and Forteanism
		Catastrophism may provide the answers for some perplexing evolutionary dead ends, which previously were merely Bible fodder for creationists.
		Catastrophism also may help to explain some of the weird teleological and anomalous events in natural history, such as neoteny, where organisms regress to an infantile state in order to move forward evolutionarily.
		There are many esoteric or mythic traditions which suggest that there may have been a companion to the Earth prior to the existing Moon, or that the planet's axis of declination may have been shifted, or that its direction and rate of rotation around the sun may have changed in the past.
	www.fiu.edu /~mizrachs/catastrophism.html (1620 words)

	Catastrophism? Yes!
		Catastrophism was anathema; it was in the same category in which Creation finds itself in many scientific circles now--totally unacceptable.
		Catastrophism has made a rapid return, but it is not exactly the classical catastrophism of two centuries ago that incorporated the biblical Flood as a major geologic event.
		It is of interest that the reacceptance of catastrophes came mainly from the study of the rocks themselves.
	dialogue.adventist.org /essays/Roth.htm (3146 words)

	Creation Science, Issues, Mount Saint Helens
		Naturally, young earth creationists believe totally in catastrophism, and the main cause of catastrophism is the Flood of Noah.
		Since we see catastrophic events in the present, we see evidence of catastrophic events in the geologic record.
		Yes, there is some evidence in the geologic record of catastrophic events, but most of the geologic record is not "catastrophic" in nature.
	www.answersincreation.org /mountsainthelens.htm (373 words)

	Abiogenesis and the Origin of Life
		Prior to the 19th century, most geologists were catastrophists who believed that the earth's fossiliferous rock was the result of the Biblical global flood.
		Even a suggestion that massive floods were involved with the formation of geologic features can subject a person to scorn and cause them to become ostracized by their fellow peers.
		The geological community is threatened by the idea of catastrophic flooding because the most obvious interpretation of the fossil record is a global flood.
	nwcreation.net /scablands.html (691 words)

	Catastrophism - CreationWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Catastrophism is the doctrine which postulates that major changes in the earth's crust result from catastrophic processes.
		The concept was first promoted by Georges Cuvier and dominated the European geologic thinkers until the concept of James Hutton and Charles Lyell developed the principles of uniformitarianism.
		The central focus of the creation vs. evolution debate is whether catastrophes in earth's past were the result of natural processes over millions of years, or God's judgment as described in the Bible.
	creationwiki.org /index.php?title=Catastrophism (180 words)

	Catastrophism vs. C.H.
		Catastrophe may refer to an unfortunate outcome or result: Inflamed nationalism hastened the catastrophe of war; or it may be used as a close synonym of cataclysm, a violent upheaval that brings profound changes.
		A volcanic eruption may be spoken of as a catastrophe, to stress its unhappy results, or as a cataclysm, to emphasize its violence and resultant geological changes.
		Catastrophism seems to be well enough illustrated throughout the writings of the Old Testament.
	www.voicenet.com /~lelgee/writings/catastro.html (2048 words)

	Creation Science, Catastrophism
		Catastrophism – The belief that the past history of the earth and of living things has been interrupted or greatly influenced by natural catastrophes occurring on a worldwide or very extensive scale.
		The Uniformitarianist will say, “This jellyfish was catastrophically buried and fossilized,” but he won’t “assume” it was during the Flood; indeed, he will probably perform some test to clarify its age, and not “guess” as the young earth creation science advocate does.
		Yes, you can assume that fossils were catastrophically buried…but unless you were there, there is no way to tell which catastrophe caused it.
	www.answersincreation.org /catastrophism.htm (599 words)

	CATASTROPHISM
		This farreaching development was opposed during a significant revival of catastrophism between~1790 and~1850 in France [10, 48] and in Scotland [55] which saw the earliest scientific description of natural selection under the conditions of punctuated equilibrium but which then also saw this development rather quickly expunged from the scientific record [28].
		The nineteenth century decline of catastrophism was essentially a repetition therefore of the early eighteenth century rejection of revelation as expressed through the differing views of Locke and Berkeley.
		It eventually came to be well understood of course that revelations were equivocal in respect of the incidence of catastrophe and it was the Greeks apparently, as imperialists, who first sought to turn the incidence of potential non- catastrophe to public advantage by systematically painting revelations in wholly optimistic terms.
	www.tmgnow.com /repository/cosmology/clube.html (14587 words)

	Catastrophism! Man, Myth and Mayhem in Ancient History and the Sciences. CD-Rom disc
		It also considers the way in which catastrophic events are now seen to have influenced the course of evolution in the distant past, as well as the rise and fall of civilisations in more recent times.
		Catastrophes and the History of Life on Earth: 24.
		Natural catastrophes and the rise and fall of civilisations; 30.
	www.catastrophism.com (550 words)

	The End Of Catastrophism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Catastrophism, that is, i'm declaring it non existant.
		The previously-posted example of the Lake Missoula floods, which made landscape alterations having the appearance of millions of years of change yet which actually happened on a time-scale of years, are a good counter-example.
		What you are perfectly correct in saying, Dr P, is that catastrophism is not the number-one operative process on the globe, in the Solar System, or in the Universe, which is what catastrophists of the Velikovski-ilk are prone to believe.
	www.holysmoke.org /sdhok/catastro.htm (528 words)

	Czeslaw Milosz: Catastrophism
		From the premonition of the catastrophe to the fulfilled Apocalypse.
		Catastrophism - from Greek: katastrophe - upheaval, a turning point, is the intellectual attitude characterized by fear of inevitable extermination (annihilation): the present world is in danger.
		The representatives of catastrophism in Polish literature are: Krasiński (the question about the sense of history), Kasprowicz, Witkiewicz (civilization will be the cause of cultural extermination), Baczyński (the extermination of generation), Konwicki (the extermination of values), Czechowicz (war).
	info-poland.buffalo.edu /classroom/milosz/cata.htm (454 words)

	Catastrophism
		In geology, catastrophism is the belief that Earth's features—including mountains, valleys, and lakes—were created suddenly as a result of great catastrophes, such as floods or earthquakes.
		Catastrophism developed in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries when tradition and even the law forced scientists to use the Bible as a scientific document.
		Since the late 1970s, however, another form of catastrophism has arisen with the idea that large objects from space periodically collide with Earth, destroying life.
	www.scienceclarified.com /Ca-Ch/Catastrophism.html (252 words)

	The Case for Global Catastrophism
		Hence if global catastrophism is established (and strong evidence supports it), it stands as a witness of the pitiful inadequacy of uniformitarianism to give a true picture of earth history.
		Scripture clearly testifies of several catastrophes in history, some of which are global in scope and extraterrestrial in cause.
		Scripture also teaches that behind the catastrophes was the purposeful expression of divine judgment on wickedness, or in at least one case, the revelation of God's awesome power to His people Israel.
	www.asa3.org /ASA/PSCF/1973/JASA12-73Steinhauer.html (4426 words)

	Articles / Impact / Up with Catastrophism! - Institute for Creation Research
		The recent revival of catastrophism seems to have been associated with a number of brilliant papers by Stephen Jay Gould, a geologist and historian of science with impeccable credentials.
		He does not believe they were all formed by the same catastrophe, of course, but by many different catastrophes, separated from each other in a typical uniformitarian framework of billions of years of time ¾ a sort of "uniformitarian catastrophism," in other words.
		This assessment by Ager almost sounds Biblical ¾; "one day is with a catastrophe as a thousand years!" As a matter of fact, the famous verse in II Peter 3:8, though commonly misinterpreted to teach that the "days" of creation were "thousands of years" long, really means exactly what Ager implied.
	www.icr.org /article/84 (2464 words)

	Chadwick, A. V. --- Megabreccias: Evidence for Catastrophism
		The process of generation and deposition of these megabreccias represents catastrophes of extraordinary dimensions, as substantiated by both the clast size and by the requirement for rapid movement across gently dipping or flat terrain for many kilometers.
		A catastrophic interpretation for these deposits depends somewhat upon the time frame in which they are cast.
		Their common occurrence in major portions of the geologic column of some localities indicates significant catastrophic activity in the past not readily explainable in terms of contemporary processes.
	www.grisda.org /origins/05039.htm (2831 words)

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