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Topic: Catha edulis

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	Catha edulis seeds (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		For centuries, khat, the fresh young leaves of the Catha edulis shrub, have been consumed where the plant is cultivated, primarily in East Africa and the Arabian peninsula.
		Catha edulis Forssk belongs to the Celastraceae family and, a neighbouring species of the Evonymus, it is the sole representative of the Genus Catha.
		Catha edulis seeds are legal to posess in the United States, however cultivaton or alkaloid extraction of this species is prohibited by both state and federal law.
	www.lambo.aros.net /catha/catha.htm (1084 words)

	UNODC - Bulletin on Narcotics - 1980 Issue 3 - 001
		The question of Catha edulis was first raised at the international level in 1935 at the League of Nations, when the Advisory Committee on the Traffic in Opium and Other Dangerous Drugs discussed two technical papers on this psycho-active plant indigenous to the Horn of Africa.
		The leaves and young shoots of Catha edulis, a species of the plant family Celastraceae, are usually referred to as khat.
		Catha edulis grows in eastern Africa and southern Arabia and more specifically in Democratic Yemen, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Somalia, the United Republic of Tanzania and the Yemen Arab Republic.
	www.unodc.org /unodc/pt/bulletin/bulletin_1980-01-01_3_page002.html (1014 words)

	Lycaeum > Leda > Catha edulis
		Lycaeum > Leda > Taxonomy > Eukaryota > Plantae > Tracheophyta > Angiospermae > Dicotyledonae > Celastraceae > Catha > Catha edulis
		Use and abuse of khat (Catha edulis): a review of the distribution, pharmacology, side effects and a description of psychosis attributed to khat chewing
		Catha Edulis: Sacred Plant of the Ancient Egyptians
	leda.lycaeum.org /?ID=377 (199 words)

	Catha edulis
		The generic name Catha is derived from the Arabic common name for this plant khat and the specific name edulis is a Greek word meaning 'edible'.
		edulis belongs to the Celastraceae family, commonly known as the spike thorn family.
		C edulis can be grown from seeds that are harvested just before the fruits split.
	www.plantzafrica.com /plantcd/cathedulis.htm (626 words)

	UNODC - Bulletin on Narcotics - 1958 Issue 2 - 006
		Cross section of the Catha edulis lea, at the median vein (E. Colin)
		With the exception of certain clinical tests by Leloup [(10)] showing the beneficial effects of khat in cases of asthenia and overwork, the first physiological tests were made by Beitter [(1)], who noted only a temporary paralysis in frogs after large doses of " katine ".
		The high toxicity in sub-cutaneous injection, which is relatively higher in the case of the fresh samples, does not seem to be due solely to the alkaloids.
	www.unodc.org /unodc/de/bulletin/bulletin_1958-01-01_2_page007.html (3812 words)

	USE AND ABUSE OF KHAT (CATHA EDULIS): A REVIEW OF THE DISTRIBUTION, PHARMACOLOGY. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The forensic aspects of two of the cases which involved homicide and combined homicide and suicide are highlighted, as is the possible role of social dislocation from the culture of origin.
		Khat (Catha edulis Forsk., Celastraceae family) is an evergreen tree which grows at high altitudes extending from East to Southern Africa, as well as Afghanistan, Yemen and Madagascar (Krikorian, 1984; Kennedy, 1987).
		Hodgkinson, R. A study of the clinical effects of Catha edulis (khat, miraa) in Kenya.
	www.lycaeum.org /drugs/Khat/use_and_abuse_of_khat.html (6592 words)

	[No title]
		Catha edulis is a large, thornless, flowering evergreen shrub, having articulate branches.
		Cultivation parameters: In their native habitats, Catha trees are often grown between rows of coffee trees.
		Traditional uses: The ancient Egyptians considered Catha edulis to be a most sacred plant, a "divine food" like royal jelly to bees, capable of releasing humanities nascent divinity.
	users.lycaeum.org /~iamklaus/catha.htm (1011 words)

	Miraa - Herbs & Supplements - Drug Library - DrugDigest
		Anti-inflammatory activity of the flavonoid fraction of khat (Catha edulis Forsk).
		Connor J, Makonnen E, Rostom A. Comparison of analgesic effects of khat (Catha edulis Forsk) extract, D-amphetamine and ibuprofen in mice.
		Makonnen E. Constipating and spasmolytic effects of Khat (Catha edulis Forsk) in experimental animals.
	www.drugdigest.org /DD/DVH/HerbsReference/0,3928,553133\|Miraa,00.html (1289 words)

	Catha edulis (khat) in Profile
		Catha edulis "Khat" plants are only available within Europe.
		Catha edulis does not tolerate poor drainage and will not grow well in wet soils.
		Catha edulis is adapted to a wide range of soil conditions, ranging from light, sandy to heavy fl.
	www.b-and-t-world-seeds.com /5646.htm (478 words)

	Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of the Extracts of Khat Callus Cultures
		Khat, (Catha edulis Forssk., Celastraceae) is an evergreen tree indigenous to East Africa and Yemen.
		Elhag, H.M. In vitro propagation of Catha edulis.
		An anatomical study of Ethiopian khat (leaf of Catha edulis Forssk.) J. Pharm.
	www.hort.purdue.edu /newcrop/proceedings1999/v4-463.html (1729 words)

	First footsteps in East Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Hochstetter applied the name of Celastrus edulis to an Abyssinian species (Celastrus obscurus _Richard_), which he imagined identical with Forskal's Catha edulis, while of the real Catha edulis _Forsk._, he formed a new genus and species, under the name of Trigonotheca serrata Hochs.
		63, it is enumerated as Catha edulis at p.
		The reference to Celastrus edulis is not contained in the Eclogae Americanae of Vahl, but in the author's Symbolae Botanicae (Hanulae, 1790, fol.) pars i.
	manybooks.net /pages/burtonrietext048ffea10/80.html (292 words)

	Catha edulis "Khat" seeds
		It fuels the long hours of lively, whirling conversation and laughter exchanged at the khat houses and acts as an important "social lubricant" in areas where consumption of alcohol is frowned upon.
		Catha edulis makes an excellent ornamental foliage plant.
		It is easily grown, and survives a wide range of conditions including extreme heat, frost, drought, sun or shade.
	basementshaman.com /basementshaman/catedkhatsee.html (151 words)

	Maya Ethnobotanicals - View Herb -> Catha edulis (Khat / Ikhambi)
		Catha edulis, or Khat, is an attractive glossy evergreen plant, a great container plant that can reach a height of 20 feet.
		It is served to welcome and entertain guests, in mourning, weddings and circumcision ceremonies and collective labour works.
		Khat leaves contain psychoactive ingredients known as Cathinone, which is structurally and chemically similar to d-amphetamine, and Cathine, a milder form of Cathinone.
	maya-ethnobotanicals.com /product_info.phtml/herbid_318/category_search (549 words)

	Khat (Catha edulis)-induced apoptosis is inhibited by antagonists of caspase-1 and -8 in human leukaemia cells (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Khat (Catha edulis)-induced apoptosis is inhibited by antagonists of caspase-1 and -8 in human leukaemia cells
		Catha edulis (khat) is a drug that is used by millions of people worldwide, mainly in Africa and the Middle East, for its psychostimulatory effects.
		Kite GC, Ismail M, Simmonds M, Houghton P. (2003) Use of doubly protonated molecules in the analyusis of cathedulins in crude extract of khat (Catha edulis) by liquid chromatography/serial mass spectrometry.
	www.nature.com /bjc/journal/v91/n9/full/6602197a.html (5416 words)

	Catha edulis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Catha edulis news vertical portal can now be syndicated quickly and easily using our new Really Simple Syndication feeds.
		By a simple Copying and Pasting you'll be able to display the latest Catha edulis News headlines on your own Web pages, in real time for Free.
		Based on the XML data format, RSS is the world's most established way to add Catha edulis headlines to your site.
	catha-edulis.diseasemap.com /free_rss.html (414 words)

	Catha edulis. Khat. Hazy House Australia,
		It was used as a stimulant to dispel feelings of hunger and fatigue.
		The natives chewed young buds and fresh leaves of catha edulis (Celastrus edulis).
		Khat (pronounced "cot") is a natural stimulant from the Catha Edulis plant, found in the flowering evergreen tree or large shrub which grows in East Africa and Southern Arabia.
	members.westnet.com.au /herbmed/Database/Botanicals/Catha/edulis/khat_webHH.htm (288 words)

	Khat seeds. Catha edulis Seed on sale
		Catha edulis is extremely rare in the United States.
		Commonly referred to as "Khat" in it's native Egypt and Arab cultures, where it is extremely popular.
		Our Khat, Catha edulis, seeds are viable and freshly harvested.
	www.salviaspace.com /cathaedulis.html (101 words)

	UNODC - Bulletin on Narcotics - 1958 Issue 2 - 006
		CHEVALIER, J.: Etude pharmacodynamique du Catha edulis Forssk, Bulletin de la Société de pharmacologie, 1911, 18, 264
		COLLIN, E.: Le Catha edulis Forsskal, Journal de pharmacie et de chimie, 1893, 28, 337
		Le Catha edulis et ses effets thérapeutiques, Bulletin général de théapeutique, 1890, 119, 216
	www.unodc.org /unodc/pt/bulletin/bulletin_1958-01-01_2_page007.html (3812 words)

	IMPORT ALERT IA6623 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Such a position is consistent with the controls imposed on many other plants containing controlled psychoactive substances.
		Review of detention data for FY 90-92, shows detentions of Catha Edulis (khat) continue to be made on a limited basis (1 per year).
		However, due to the number of scientific and common names under which importation of the substance may be attempted, the import alert remains in effect.
	www.fda.gov /ora/fiars/ora_import_ia6623.html (284 words)

	Erowid Catha edulis (Khat) Vault : Images
		Photo of a Catha edulis plant growing in the U.S. botanical garden.
		Color photo a potted one year old Catha edulis plant in October.
		Color photo of the shoot tips of a young Catha edulis plant.
	www.erowid.org /plants/khat/khat_images.shtml (170 words)

	Re: Catha edulis suspension (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The chapter also has references which may be of your interest.
		Hideka > I am presently working with Catha edulis (Khat) in vitro.
		My problem is that I want to start a liquid suspension of this cell line but the calluses I am working with are simply solid masses.
	plant-tc.coafes.umn.edu /listserv/2001/log0112/msg00112.html (113 words)

	Phytomedicine: International Journal of Phytotherapy & Phytopharmacology: Long-term feeding effects of Catha edulis ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		In this study, the long-term (6 months) biochemical effects of varying levels of Catha edulis leaves on the plasma concentration of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, total protein, albumin, uric acid, urea and creatinine were examined.
		Our results demonstrated a significant decrease in plasma cholesterol throughout the treatment period by all levels of C. edulis leaves tested.
		This significant decrease in plasma cholesterol was halved at the end of the treatment period and corresponded with a significant increase in plasma HDL-cholesterol and a...
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:129714368&refid=holomed_1 (238 words)

	The Use of Khat by Dr. Wijdan Luqman
		The Use of Khat by Dr. Wijdan Luqman
		The Use of Khat (Catha edulis) in Yemen Social and Medical Observations
		Catha edulis, or khat, a plant indigenous to Yemen, Ethiopia, and East Africa, has sympathomimetic and euphoriant effects.
	members.aol.com /yalnet/KHAT.html (2858 words)

	Anyone for a cup of Catha Edulis? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		It makes an excellent brew for a cuppa and chewing its leaves can give you a feeling of well-being and mental alertness.
		Rather it's Catha Edulis, commonly known as the Bushmen's tea tree.
		And it's one of 47 South African tree species that are on the list of protected trees.
	www.sundaytimes.co.za /zones/sundaytimesNEW/newsst/newsst1095671140.aspx (283 words)

	Erowid Experience Vaults: Catha edulis Reports in category: General (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Erowid Experience Vaults: Catha edulis Reports in category: General
		Catha edulis (also Khat, Qat, Chat, Kat) Reports - General
		Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
	www.erowid.org /experiences/subs/exp_Catha_edulis_General.shtml (48 words)

	Cytotoxic Effects of Khat (Catha edulis) on Human Oral Cells and Leukemia Cell Lines (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Cytotoxic Effects of Khat (Catha edulis) on Human Oral Cells and Leukemia Cell Lines
		2523 Cytotoxic Effects of Khat (Catha edulis) on Human Oral Cells and Leukemia Cell Lines
		Back to the 81st General Session of the International Association for Dental Research (June 25-28, 2003)
	iadr.confex.com /iadr/2003Goteborg/techprogram/abstract_31743.htm (350 words)

	Buy Catha edulis (Khat, Quat) Plant and Seed Product information, and order online page Khat catha
		Buy Catha edulis (Khat, Quat) Plant and Seed Product information, and order online page Khat catha
		The United States has seen some popularity growth for Khat, but it is mostly limited to Arab immigrants.
		Khat foliage is illegal in the U.S. Catha Edulis (Khat) Seeds:
	www.everyherbal.com /khat.htm (128 words)

	Chat / Catha edulis / Catha / Khat / Flower of Paradise
		Chat / Catha edulis / Catha / Khat / Flower of Paradise
		Safety in young children, pregnant or nursing women, or those with severe liver or kidney disease is not known.
		Chat / Catha edulis / Catha / Khat / Flower of Paradise Products
	www.herbalremedies.com /herbal-remedies-usa/chat-information.html (855 words)

	The Global Compendium of Weeds: Catha edulis (Vahl) Forssk. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The Global Compendium of Weeds: Catha edulis (Vahl) Forssk.
		Common name(s): khat, Arabian tea, miraa, Abyssinian tea, African tea, Arabian tea, bushman's tea, cat, catha, chafta, chat, crafta, djimma, four of paradise, ikwa, ischott, iubulu, kaad, kafta, kat, la salade, liss, liruti, mairongi, m'mke, masbukinja, msuvuti, ol nerr
		NOTE: for now (until database/website are updated), you must manually search for each data source in the GWC Data Sources document.)
	www.hear.org /gcw/html/autogend/species/3951.HTM (144 words)

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