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	Cathedral architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The essential element of a cathedral is the cathedra, the throne of the bishop.
		In the cathedrals of the southwest of France, where the naves are covered with a series of domes - as at Cahors, Angoulême and St Front de Périgueux - the immense piers required to carry them made it necessary to dispense with aisles.
		Returning to the great cathedrals in the north of France, Amiens cathedral shows the disposition of a cathedral, with its nave-arches, triforium, clerestory windows and vault, the flying buttresses which were required to carry the thrust of the vault to the outer buttresses which flanked the aisle walls, and the lofty pinnacles which surmounted them.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cathedral_architecture (1582 words)

	Gothic architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gothic architecture characterizes any of the styles of European architecture, particularly associated with cathedrals and other churches, in use throughout Europe during the high and late medieval period, from the 12th century onwards.
		It was succeeded by Renaissance architecture, a revival of Roman formulas, at varying times in Europe, beginning in Florence in the 15th century.
		The Gothic cathedral was supposed to be a microcosm representing the world, and each architectural concept, mainly the loftiness and huge dimensions of the structure, were intended to pass a theological message: the great glory of God versus the smallness and insignificance of the mortal being.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gothic_architecture (1726 words)

	Encyclopedia: Cathedral architecture
		This article deals particularly with the development of the eastern end of English and foreign cathedrals, as it was in those that the greatest changes took place from the middle of the 11th century to the close of the 14th century.
		A cathedral is a Christian church building, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy (such as the Roman Catholic Church or the Anglican churches), which serves as the central church of a bishopric.
		Flying buttress, in architecture, is the term given to a structural feature employed to transmit the thrust of a vault across an intervening space, such as an aisle, chapel or cloister, to a buttress built outside the latter.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Cathedral-architecture (3600 words)

	St Sophia's Cathedral / Novgorod Architecture / Veliky Novgorod
		It is one of the earliest stone structures of northern Russia, a senior contemporary of Notre Dame in Paris, and the cathedrals of Rheims, Amiens, Bamberg and Naumburg.
		The cathedral was built by Prince Vladimir, the son of Yaroslav the Wise, and until the 1130s this principal church of the city also served as the sepulchre of Novgorodian princes.
		The cathedral exterior is striking in its majesty and epic splendour evoking the memories of Novgorod's glorious past and invincible might.
	www.novgorod.ru /eng/hist/archit/arc_31.htm (512 words)

	New York Architecture Images- Cathedral of Saint John the Divine
		It endows the Cathedral with a sense of authenticity although it is a modern structure.
		Architectural tastes were changing, and the trustees prevailed on Heins and Lafarge to dilute the Byzantine character of their design by adding Gothic elements.
		Cathedral officials have historically opposed landmark status for the cathedral and its grounds, arguing that such a designation would hinder their efforts to complete the long unfinished structure.
	www.nyc-architecture.com /HAR/HAR002.htm (5053 words)

	Cathedral architecture -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The semicircular aisle is said to have existed in the Anglo-Norman cathedral of (A city in southern England; administrative center of Hampshire) Winchester, but the eastern end being square, two chapels were arranged filling the north and south ends, and an apsidal chapel projecting beyond the east wall.
		In one of the French cathedrals, Bourges, there is no transept; on the other hand there are many examples in which this part of the cathedral church is emphasized by aisles on each side, as at Laon, Soissons, Chartres, Reims, Amiens, Rouen and (Click link for more info and facts about Clermont) Clermont cathedrals.
		Along with the cathedrals of Worms and Speyer, Mainz Cathedral represents the highpoint of Romanesque Architecture of the (The lands ruled by Charlemagne; a continuation of the Roman Empire in Europe) Holy Roman Empire.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/ca/cathedral_architecture.htm (1464 words)

	Read about Cathedral architecture at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Cathedral architecture and learn about ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		At Avila and Salamanca (old cathedral) the triapsal arrangement is adopted, and the same is found in the German cathedrals, with one important exception, the gigantic cathedral of Cologne,
		Mainz Cathedral or der Mainzer Dom as it is known in German, are wonderful examples of 11th and 12th Century Romanesque Architecture.
		Clerestory and Triforium definitions are given of these chief components of a cathedral or church; but as their design varies materially in almost every example, without a very large number of drawings it would be impossible to treat them more in detail.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Cathedral_architecture (1550 words)

	Church Architecture: Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucestershire
		English art and architecture was becoming increasingly insular from the mid-thirteenth century as a result of war with France, thus encouraging new styles and experimentation in church design and decoration.
		The west-midlands show some transition architecture between the decorated and perpendicular styles, but throughout the rest of the country, there is little contemporary transition architecture; however, there are perpendicular modifications to existing decorated churches.
		Architectural historians have commented that despite the proximity between Gloucester and Bristol, there are no stylistic similarities in the tracery or mouldings.
	www.britannia.com /church/studies/glosarch.html (2116 words)

	History of Gothic Architecture : Cathedral, Amiens No.1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Cathedral Amiens is the largest and most Classical of French cathedrals in Gothc era.
		The Cathedral Amien was built in 1152 with the Romanesque style and burnt in 1218 by lightnings.
		Originally the triforium of the nave was to be fitted by stained grasses as well as the choir but it changed to the wall because of the structural reason for the three meter extention of the nave's height.
	web.kyoto-inet.or.jp /org/orion/eng/hst/gothic/amiens.html (265 words)

	AllRefer.com - cathedral (Architecture) - Encyclopedia
		Romanesque cathedrals (see Romanesque architecture and art) were massive, blocklike, domed and heavily vaulted structures based on the traditional basilica form, reflecting the style dominant in Europe from c.1050 to c.1200.
		The Romanesque cathedral is a strong visual whole with interrelated parts that emphasize its basic structural clarity.
		Among major cathedrals built in modern times and adhering to medieval styles of architecture are St. Patrick's Cathedral and the Cathedral of St. John the Divine (Episcopal) in New York City and the cathedrals of Washington, D.C., and Liverpool, England.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/cathedra.html (458 words)

	The St George Cathedral / Novgorod Architecture / Veliky Novgorod
		In spite of the thick cultural layers burying the lower parts of the walls and in spite of the cornice seemingly extinguishing the energy of the dynamic wall surfaces, the height of the building and its impetuous surge upward produce an indelible impression.
		The character of the architectural masses as if modelled by hand, the spontaneous composition with a tower and an asymmetric three-cupola top - a composition that accentuates the harmony of whole and detail - everything is imbued with a special sense of majesty inherent in Novgorodian architecture.
		The architectural scheme of the interior, resolved in an energetic and dynamic manner, is notable for the well-thought-out relationship of space and volumes.
	www.novgorod.ru /eng/hist/archit/arc_22.htm (488 words)

	Church Architecture: Exeter Cathedral Development
		Exeter Cathedral does not hold its high place in the hierarchy of churches in virtue of the area of ground which it covers.
		Perhaps the consecration of the architecturally perfect Salisbury Cathedral inspired him to produce the grandeur which is the St. Peter's of today.
		During the Commonwealth which followed, the Cathedral was divided by a brick wall erected upon the organ screen and blocking also the entrances to the choir aisles.
	www.britannia.com /history/devon/churches/exeterarch.html (820 words)

	Cathedral Architecture - Diocese of Maitland-Newcastle
		As one approaches the entrance one's eyes are lifted to the lovely Carara white marble life-sized statue of the Saviour; originally standing on a terra cotta base, harmonious with the design of the terra cotta portico.
		In his description of the Sacred Heart Church, the architect Peter Gannon observes that 'the design of the interior of the cathedral is pleasing, and the composition happy.
		There is sufficient detail, yet this is not overdone, and worshippers entering the cathedral should feel that they are entering not only a church but a sanctuary'.
	www.mn.catholic.org.au /bishop/cathedral_architecture.htm (606 words)

	St. Petersburg in Architecture: Kazan Cathedral \| Taubman College of Architecture + Urban Planning
		The Cathedral of Our Lady of Kazan, by Andrei N. Voronikhin, 1801–11 is located at #2 Kazanskaia Square.
		The theme of the cathedral is the Mother-and-Child icon called the "Kazan' Mother of God".
		Kutuzov 's remains are buried in the NE side chapel of the cathedral.
	www.caup.umich.edu /stpetersburg/kazan.html (135 words)

	Gothic architecture and art -> Bibliography on Encyclopedia.com 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Architecture: An ace caff attached; The building of a pounds 3.5m refectory at Norwich Cathedral called for a design that married modern architecture with the original Norman- cum-Gothic precepts.
		Gothic architecture in the poetry of David Jones and Geoffrey Hill.
		The choir and the ambulatory of Autun's cathedral (Gothic architecture).
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/section/Gothicar_Bibliography.asp (621 words)

	Cologne Cathedral
		Cologne Cathedral was begun in 1248 and, with many periods of inactivity, was finally finished in 1880.
		The Cathedral at Amiens, France, shares the honors with Notre Dame as the most beautiful of Gothic monuments.
		Amiens Cathedral, Amiens, France.Milan Cathedral deserves a special word of description because, besides being the largest of all Italian Cathedrals, excepting St. Peter's, it is beyond doubt by far the most remarkable.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles10/famous-buildings-31.shtml (239 words)

	History of Gothic Architecture : Cathedral, Reims No.1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Cathedral Notre-Dame of Reims, the matured Gothic stule in Champagne, is located about 130m west of Paris.
		The original cathedral of Romanesque style was burned in 1210.
		The length of the nave is longer than other cathedrals such as Chartres and Amian.
	web.kyoto-inet.or.jp /org/orion/eng/hst/gothic/reims.html (190 words)

	Gothic architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Neo-Gothic Sacred Heart Cathedral in Newark is the fifth largest cathedral in the United States.
		In England, some discrete Gothic details appeared on new construction at Oxford and Cambridge in the late 17th century, and at the archbishop of Canterbury's residence Lambeth Palace, a Gothic hammerbeam roof was built in 1663 to replace a building that had been sacked during the English Civil War.
		Viollet-le-Duc compiled and coordinated an Encyclopédie médiévale that was a rich repertory his contemporaries mined for architectural details but also also include armor, costume, tools, furniture, weapons and the like.
	www.americancanyon.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Gothic_architecture (1615 words)

	Gothic architecture and art -> Characteristics of Gothic Architecture on Encyclopedia.com 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		It is generally agreed that Gothic architecture made its initial appearance (c.1140) in the Île-de-France, the royal domain of the Capetian kings.
		Although individual components in Gothic architecture, such as ribbed vaulting and the pointed arch, had been employed in Romanesque construction, they had not previously received such a purposeful and consistent application.
		Unlike Romanesque architecture, with its stress on heavy masses and clearly delimited areas, Gothic construction, particularly in its later phase, is characterized by lightness and soaring spaces.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/section/Gothicar_CharacteristicsofGothicArchitecture.asp (803 words)

	Gothic Field Guide to Architectural Terms
		The main body, or nave, of the cathedral is usually divided into one main and two side aisles.
		- the recesses on the sides of aisles in cathedrals and abbey churches.
		- in cathedral architecture, the north and south projections or "arms" of the cross.
	www.newyorkcarver.com /Glossary.htm (1042 words)

	Medieval Synthesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Romanesque Architecture, 800-1150 CE Cathedrals in the Romanesque style are generally heavier, blockier structures.
		The most important limitation on these large cathedrals was the bulk at the base of the walls required to support the heavy timbers and stones of the ceiling and roof.
		Gothic Architecture, 1150-1500 CE The development of new building methods and engineering skills allowed architects to pursue heights and complexity that became known as Gothic cathedrals.
	www.saintjoe.edu /~mjoakes/core4/synthesis.html (1302 words)

	Florence Art Guide - The Cathedral
		The Cathedral or Duomo of Florence as we see it today is the end result of years of work that covered over six centuries of history.
		The third and last Florentine cathedral (the cathedral is always the church that is the seat of the bishopric), it was given the name of Santa Maria del Fiore (Holy Mary of the Flower) in 1412 in clear allusion to the lily symbol of the city.
		The cathedral of Florence was consacrated by Pope Eugene IV on March 25th (the Florentine New Year) 1436, 140 years after work on it first started.
	www.mega.it /eng/egui/monu/buq.htm (501 words)

	Grace Episcopal Cathedral - Topeka, Kansas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Grace Episcopal Cathedral is the seat of the ninth Bishop of Kansas and the mother church of 49 parish churches in the Diocese of Kansas.
		Architecture, the cathedral offers worship and preaching in the finest Anglican tradition and serves the city of Topeka as a center for both religious and cultural events and activities.
		The parish community at Grace Cathedral is a fellowship of faith.
	www.gracecathedraltopeka.org (165 words)

	GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE FACTS AND INFORMATION
		It was succeeded by Renaissance_architecture, a revival of Roman formulas, at varying times in Europe, beginning in Florence in the 15th_century.
		In France, the towering figure of the Gothic Revival was EugÃ¨ne_Viollet-le-Duc, who outdid historical Gothic constructions to create a Gothic as it ought to have been, notably at the fortified city of Carcassonne in the south of France and in some richly fortified keeps for industrial magnates (''illustration, left'').
		Working alone, Cram took up the Cathedral_of_Saint_John_the_Divine, what he meant to be the largest cathedral and largest Gothic struture in the world, again in French High Gothic.
	www.palfacts.com /Gothic_architecture (1476 words)

	Gothic Field Guide to Architectural Terms, pg. 3
		newel - the supporting upright pillar around which winding steps, or winders, are supported; typically found in cathedral and castle architecture of the Middle Ages.
		Oriel window - appearing in chapels, public and private houses in the Gothic style, a window that projects from the outer face of a wall and supported by corbels.
		transepts - in cathedral architecture, the north and south projections or "arms" of the cross.
	www.newyorkcarver.com /Glos3.htm (272 words)

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