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Topic: Catholic Centre Party

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	The Centre
		The statutes of both parties are identical (except for unessential differences), and both reject enforced party allegiance, that is the obligation of the member to vote according to the direction of the party as a whole.
		Of the 397 members of the German Reichstag, the Centre claimed 63 in 1871; 93 in 1877; 94 in 1878; 100 in 1881; 99 in 1884; 98 in 1887; 106 in 1890; 96 in 1893; 102 in 1898; 100 in 1903; 109 in 1907; 92 in 1912.
		Although the Centre of Alsace-Lorraine joined the Centre in the Reichstag, various causes prevented a complete understanding being arrived at, especially because the Centre Party in the Reichstag was opposed to the particularistic and separationist ideals of a portion of the Centre of Alsace-Lorraine.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/c/centre.html (3814 words)

	Centre Party (Germany) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The German Centre Party (Deutsche Zentrumspartei or merely Zentrum), often called the Catholic Centre Party, was a Catholic political party in Germany during the Kaiserreich and the Weimar Republic.
		The Centre Party, whose pragmatic principles generally left it open to supporting either a monarchical or republican form of government, proved one of the mainstays of the Weimar Republic, continuing the cooperation with SPD and DDP in the Weimar Coalition.
		In 1930 the Grand Coalition fell apart and the Centre's Heinrich Brüning, from the moderate conservative wing of the party, was appointed chancellor.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Catholic_Centre_Party (5444 words)

	Bismarck’s Failure: the Kulturkampf
		One target of persecution was the German Catholics of southern Germany and Alsace and Lorraine.
		The Catholic Centre Party formed and the hostility from Bismarck was mostly for their political leader, Ludwig Windthorst.
		With the abolishment of the Catholic department of the Prussian Ministry of Public Worship and Education and the appointment of Adalbert Falk to the position of Prussian Ministry of Public Worship, Bismarck was ready to disperse his anti-Catholic measures throughout Germany.
	members.aol.com /megxyz/heather.html (2031 words)

	IALHI News Service: Catholic Workers in Cologne
		Traditional forces in Germany, such as the Catholic Church, were deeply disturbed by processes of industrialization and modernization that changed the nineteenth-century German economy, society, and culture with unprecedented power.
		Catholic workers' clubs were the instrument of education and indoctrination for male workers, and this was their only purpose.
		The hegemonic conception of the Catholic workers' clubs was based on the assumption the clergy could control and steer the workers' behavior in a segregated Catholic socio-cultural milieu.
	www.iisg.nl /~ialhi/news/i0306_5.php (1606 words)

	Becky's Page
		During the ten years of struggle against Bismarck the Party greatly increased its membership, and when, finally, an understanding between the Vatican and the Government was reached, in the beginning of the nineties, the Catholic Centre Party capitulated to the Hohenzollern's Reich and accepted its protective domination.
		In pursuance of their aims the German Catholics, beginning with the German Hierarchy, advocated that the schools should be supervised by the clergy, and that the "confessional school" should be adopted; this, to the detriment of the secular schools.
		The Centre Party was the choice; and one of its leaders, the devout Catholic Dr. Bruening, was the candidate who should rule, not with the consent of the Parliament, but by grace of the Reichwehr.
	www.geocities.com /visplace/vatican10.htm (5469 words)

	History of the Bolshevik Party by Gregory Zinoviev
		For him as a militant politician it was necessary that the class, landowner character of his party was not clear to the people: the Cadets could not openly tell the masses that they were defending the interests of the landowners and the upper bourgeoisie, that is, of the small propertied minority of the population.
		After the events of the recent years the practice of the S.R. party has become sufficiently clear and only now is it transparently clear why they latched on to that definition of the concept of the party which they gave in the 1900s, for example, when their party was still only being born.
		One has to understand that a party is not born overnight, that it takes shape over years, that inside its ranks definite social regroupings occur and that individual groups and people will sometimes fall accidentally into this or that party, will then leave it and others will take their place.
	www.marxists.org /archive/zinoviev/works/history/ch01.htm (6352 words)

	HITLER'S RISE TO POWER By Dennis Barton
		As Bavaria is considered to be the Catholic heartland of Germany, and Hitler was a baptised Catholic, it is sometimes implied that his movement grew out of a Catholic culture and took root amongst Catholics before spreading to the rest of the country.
		This was because some Catholics had voted for the Nazis because of their foreign policy, or in the hope that they would cure the economic situation and reduce unemployment, while not realising the party's long-term pagan aims.
		He joined the Centre Party because most of the electors in his constituency were Catholics and it was devoted to compromise and the solving of social problems.
	www.churchinhistory.org /pages/booklets/rise(n)-1.htm (8799 words)

	Becky's Page
		Nevertheless, Cardinal Pacelli did well for the Catholic Church, as the Republic opened her coffers to the Church, and the subsidies of the German State to the Catholic Church increased from 148,000,000 marks, in 1925, to 163,000,000 marks, in 1928.
		He had specialized in foreign politics; he was the speaker of the Centre Party groups in the Reichstag on foreign politics; he was the speaker of the Centre Party groups in the Reichstag on foreign affairs and went with the German delegation to Geneva.
		Franz von Papen belonged to a Westphalian Catholic family; he was rich, and in spite of the disreputable character for which he was notorious, he had great influence in the inner councils of the Catholic Party and at the Vatican.
	www.geocities.com /visplace/vatican10p2.htm (5697 words)

	Berlin: The City as Body The City as Metaphor
		Bismarck had not counted on the emergence of new parties such as the Catholic Centre or the Social Democrats, both of whom began participating in imperial and Prussian elections in the early 1870s.
		Bismarck's aim was clearly to destroy the Catholic Centre Party.
		The conservative parties triumphed and the Social Democratic Party was banned in 1878.
	www.stanford.edu /dept/german/berlin_class/people/bismarck6.html (747 words)

	Catholic Centre Party (BVP)
		The Catholic Centre Party (BVP) was formed in 1871.
		Originally the party sought to defend Catholic interests against the predominantly Protestant policies of Otto von Bismarck.
		Chancellors supplied by the party included Matthias Erzberger, Wilhelm Marx, Heinrich Brüning and Franz von Papen.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /GERcentre.htm (157 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Centre Party
		Home > Catholic Encyclopedia > C > The Centre
		In both years the German Government sought to influence the Centre in favour of new military laws with the assistance of the Holy See.
		From the beginning these representatives have stood for the principles of the Centre in the German Reichstag, and championed the Christian outlook in public life.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/16020b.htm (3836 words)

	Election Campaign -- Monday, Nov. 10, 1924 -- Page 1 -- TIME
		The general election, which is to end at the polls on Dec. 7, began to make its thunder heard.
		and182; Chancellor Wilhelm Marx, leader of the Catholic or Centre Party, opened his campaign at Berlin by attacking the Nationalists (Monarchists) and their demand for the publication of a denial of Germany's War guilt.
		Admiral Tirpitz voted for the Experts' Plan; and, if he becomes leader of the Party, it was said that the Nationalists would refrain from attacking the Plan during the elections.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,728027,00.html (484 words)

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