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	North Caucasus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The North Caucasus (sometimes referred to as Ciscaucasia or Ciscaucasus) is the northern part of the Caucasus region between Europe and Asia.
		As part of the Russian Federation, the Northern Caucasus Region is included in the Southern Federal District and consists of Krasnodar Krai, Stavropol Krai and the autonomous republics: Karachay-Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Adygea, North Ossetia, Ingushetia, Chechnya, and Dagestan.
		Geographically, the term North Caucasus comprises the northern slope and western extremity of the Caucasus Major mountain range, as well as a part of its southern slope to the West (until the Psou River).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Northern_Caucasus (241 words)

	Caucasus. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Major cities in the Caucasus are Baky, Yerevan, Grozny, Vladikavkaz (formerly Ordzhonikidze), Tbilisi, Krasnodar, Novorossiysk, Batumi, Gyandzha (formerly Kirovabad), and Kumayri (formerly Leninakan).
		The Ossetians, Kabards, Circassians, and Dagestani are the major groups in North Caucasia.
		The Caucasus figured greatly in the legends of ancient Greece; Prometheus was chained on a Caucasian mountain, and Jason and his Argonauts sought the Golden Fleece at Colchis.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ca/Caucasus.html (787 words)

	Ecosystem Profile: Caucasus
		Twenty-two of the 77 reptiles in the Caucasus are endemic to the region.
		Forests in the Caucasus are highly diverse, consisting of broadleaf, dark coniferous, pine, arid open woodland and lowland forests, which are dispersed according to elevation, soil conditions and climate in the region.
		The major threats to biodiversity in the region are: illegal logging, fuel wood harvesting and the timber trade; overgrazing; poaching and the illegal wildlife trade; overfishing; infrastructure development; and pollution of rivers and wetlands.
	www.cepf.net /xp/cepf/where_we_work/caucasus/full_strategy.xml (17370 words)

	Summary of Discussions During the Conference
		The purpose of discussing the major problems of recent development in the Caucasus is to evaluate the general context into which the international humanitarian efforts have entered, and to investigate whether chances in the political, economical and social context require changes in the strategies of the international humanitarian activities.
		Major tasks are still ahead regarding the physical rebuilding of the war-torn communities, as well as assisting those parties affected by the hostilities.
		The rapid growth of the NGO sector in the Caucasus is highly positive, though in several instances NGOs have been established mainly due to their interest in the financial means of the international organisations and donor.
	www.caucasus.dk /publication6.htm (11364 words)

	32_4
		The strategic importance of the Caucasus for Russia is based on the fact that this region is a gateway between Europe and Central Asia with outlets to three seas: the Black, Azov, and Caspian Seas.
		It is important to understand that the Caucasus was for many centuries a battle ground between the competing Russian and Ottoman empires, and that the long history of conflict between the two has been permenantly embedded in the psyche of the mountain peoples.
		Agriculture: The Northern Caucasus is a major contributor to Russian agricultural output.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/usazerb/324.htm (3155 words)

	CEPS - Thinking Ahead for Europe
		Moreover, in the case of the Caucasus, especially in the interaction between Armenians and Azerbaijanis, there is as much historical evidence of positive interaction as there is attesting to negative interplay, thus the chronicle of the relations of the two peoples has little to do with the conflict that emerged between them.
		The overwhelming majority of the Muslims of the North Caucasus are Sunni, whereas the Azerbaijanis are predominantly Shi’i.
		In attempt to assess the extent of the hold of Islam on the population in the Caucasus region, it is important to separate between indicators of social conservatism and Islamic piety.
	www.ceps.be /wp.php?article_id=161 (4067 words)

	BBC NEWS \| World \| Europe \| North Caucasus: At a glance
		The North Caucasus region is the part of Russia that slopes up towards the main ridge of the Caucasus mountains, often considered the border between Europe and Asia.
		Major attacks blamed on Chechen separatists include: the deadly 2004 siege at a school in Beslan, North Ossetia, the mid-air destruction of two Russian civilian airliners, the bombing of a Moscow metro train as well as the seizing of a Moscow theatre in October 2002.
		Although they live in the Southern Caucasus (south of the main ridge of the Caucasus mountains), South Ossetians are closely related to their northern neighbours.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/europe/3632274.stm (1075 words)

	[No title]
		The principal landscapes of the Caucasus include foothill and mountain forests and subalpine meadows of the Greater and Lesser Caucasus; treeless mountain upland plateaus of the lesser Caucasus; humid lowland forests of western Georgia, and the arid steppe and deserts of eastern Georgia.
		In the project region between the Caucasus Major and Minor ranges of central and eastern Georgia, the flora and fauna of at least three biogeographic provinces converge and mix, resulting in high levels of biodiversity.
		GEF support is justified by the global significance of the biodiversity of the Caucasus region, the existing threats to ecosystem integrity and species survival, and the commitment of the government to implementing the project.
	www.gefweb.org /WPROGRAM/Oct98/Wb/georgia.doc (10451 words)

	Ministry of Foreign Affairs of The Republic of Armenia Official Site
		The Caucasus matters because at this stage it is the weakest link in a broader system, where regional powers are lined up for interests: Russia, Turkey and Iran.
		The other, major legacy that we have inherited is the whole mentality of the Soviet period which is no less important in its impact than the economic problems we are facing.
		This is one of the major destabilizing elements in this region.
	www.armeniaforeignministry.com /speeches/990315chatham_house.html (3393 words)

	Caucasus on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Caucasus minority demands Russia recognize czarist-era wars as genocide
		The association of the Lady and the Unicorn, and the hunting mythology of the Caucasus.
		Caucasus Pact Initiative to Be Discussed in Georgia.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/section/caucasus_history.asp (889 words)

	The Caucasus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Thus the Great Caucasus ridge is deflected S at the Adai Khokh massif, across the Mamison pass to Kozi Khokh, to continue E over Khalatsa, Zikara, Zilga Khokh and Kalasan to the Krestovy pass.
		In the Caucasus the longest valley glaciers are, on the N slope, Dykhsu, Bezingi and Karagom; on the S slope, Lekhzir and Zanner.
		Moving along the Central Caucasus from W to E there exist some differences in climatic characteristics that are related to the general increase of continental type climate the further E you go.
	www.geographicbureau.com /Caucasus/caucasus.htm (2266 words)

	CEO - Caucasus Environment Outlook
		Major industries in the Caucasus (Soviet and post-Soviet period)
		Population size in the Caucasus in 1970 and 1999
		Waste-water discharges from major sectors in the South Caucasus, 1980-2000
	www.grid.unep.ch /product/publication/CEO-for-Internet/CEO/tables.htm (283 words)

	A Quiet Battle in the Caucasus: Georgia Between Russia and NATO
		Like everywhere in the Caucasus, it is home to a myriad of different peoples and languages, but this very fact, which makes Georgia an ethnographer’s dream, also makes it a security nightmare.
		Two major revolts and a civil war in the early 1990’s have left Georgia a weak and demoralized nation, and one that is seeking ardently to find balance between east and west.
		Abkhazia is both a major headache for the Georgians and a strategic concern for the Russians.
	www.antiwar.com /orig/deliso7.html (5065 words)

	24_2
		Caucasus would have political resonance with the population there.
		Caucasus, or at least the Transcaucasus, represents the cheapest route out to the West.
		and by consequence, its ambitions in the Caucasus.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /HOMEPAGES/USAZERB/242.htm (2686 words)

	CEO - Caucasus Environment Outlook
		Apart from this, there is high risk for epizootic outbreaks in the North Caucasus, since the region has different natural sources for contagious diseases, such as plague, tularaemia, bruccelosis and the lack of animal vaccination and overall poor sanitary-epidemiological conditions may aggravate the situation.
		At present, since the traffic is a major source for ambient air pollution in the majority of Caucasus cities, particulate matters and lead are assumed to be the most serious health concerns.
		The majority of wastewater treatment facilities were built in the late 1970s and 80s.
	www.grid.unep.ch /product/publication/CEO-for-Internet/CEO/annex2.htm (3241 words)

	Joel Hayward's Books and Articles: Joel Hayward Scholarship: Air Power, Stalingrad and More (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Luftwaffe's primary function in the southern sector ceased to be support of the armies in the Caucasus (where they would be available for raids against oilfields), and instead became "flying artillery" in support of Sixth Army as it struggled to take Stalingrad.
		Most forward airfields in the central Caucasus had been badly damaged by Soviet air forces (which were then far stronger), placing Baku well outside the range of bombers operating from even the closest secure German airfields.
		Fliegerkorps differed markedly in size and composition, depending on the importance of theaters and the nature of operations each air corps was called upon to perform, but 'typical' corps during the first two years of war in the east possessed between 350 and 600 aircraft of different types (bombers, fighters and so on).
	www.joelhayward.org /luftwaffevssovietoil.htm (8571 words)

	HERBST 7/30 HOUSE TESTIMONY ON U.S. POLICY IN CAUCASUS
		Washington -- The United States is pursuing a vigorous, broad-based policy toward the new independent Caucasus republics designed to help them resolve disruptive ethnic conflicts, develop prosperous market-based economies and democratic institutions and lay the basis for greater regional cooperation and integration, including positive relations with neighboring Russia and Turkey.
		This was the thrust of the July 30 testimony presented by John Herbst, the State Department's deputy coordinator for the newly independent states of the former Soviet Union, before the House International Relations Committee.
		Caucasus states are members of the CIS and regularly participate in
	www.mtholyoke.edu /acad/intrel/herbst.htm (4108 words)

	The Qajar Dynasty - History - Iran - Middle East: revolution world, city ray, aras river, british india, area historic
		Under Fath Ali Shah, Iran went to war against Russia, which was expanding from the north into the Caucasus Mountains, an area of historic Iranian interest and influence.
		Iran suffered major military defeats during the war.
		A second war with Russia in the 1820s ended even more disastrously for Iran, which in 1828 was forced to sign the Treaty of Turkmanchai acknowledging Russian sovereignty over the entire area north of the Aras River (territory comprising present-day Armenia and Azerbaijan).
	www.countriesquest.com /middle_east/iran/history/the_qajar_dynasty.htm (493 words)

	[No title]
		The major problem facing the seismologists is to learn to predict future catastrophes.
		Map of major* faults of the Caucasus Regional Tectonics Caucasus major faults map #\spitakdb\colfract\sc00101c.pcx Legend #\spitakdb\colfract\sc00101d.pcx \spitakdb\colfract\sc00101c_help >&\spitakdb\colfract\fc00101c.txt \spitakdb\colfract\sc00101d_help This is the legend for the map of the major faults of the Caucasus.
		The earthquake epicenter was located in the Lesser Caucasus highlands, 80 km south of the main range of the Caucasus Mountains.
	ngdc.noaa.gov /seg/cdroms/Project_Magnet/software/geovu/pc/spitak.men (6272 words)

	A PERSPECTIVE OF DlSASTER MANAGEMENT IN TURKEY: ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
		In the Lesser and Greater Caucasus, major structures trend west-northwest, and focal mechanisms indicate primarily thrust faults striking parallel to the mountains, with shallow-dipping planes dipping to the north.
		The data on modern seismic activity of the Caucasus and Anatolian shelf and neighboring continental slopes of Black Sea were obtained by the Institute of Oceanology of RAS in April-June 1998.
		As a result of these investigations the previously chosen route of the pipeline alog the Caucasus slope was moved to a part of the slope with less seismic activity.
	www.neu.edu.tr /earthquake/4.htm (8690 words)

	ReliefWeb » Professional Resources » Vacancies
		The Danish Refugee Council (DRC) is the largest humanitarian actor in the North Caucasus.
		The operations have had a major impact on improving the humanitarian situation for the vulnerable groups in the region and in the promotion of durable solutions.
		It is a strategic priority for DRC to maintain and strengthen its leading role in the North Caucasus in providing adequate and timely humanitarian assistance to the populations affected by displacement and in spearheading the gradual transition to economic and social recovery in the region.
	www.reliefweb.int /rw/res.nsf/db900SID/OCHA-6CC9WT?OpenDocument (839 words)

	NPR : Unrest in Caucasus Worries Russia
		Weekend Edition Sunday, December 18, 2005 · Moscow is pointing toward recent elections in Chechnya as a major step for democracy.
		But the spread of violence outside Chechnya is now a major concern for many analysts.
		They say the Kremlin's mishandling of the Chechen conflict is leading to a conflagration that will engulf the entire North Caucasus.
	www.npr.org /templates/story/story.php?storyId=5060350&ft=1&f=1001 (150 words)

	Pieridae, Gonepteryx rhamni (Linnaeus, 1758)
		From N. Africa across the whole of Europe, Asia Minor, the Caucasus and Transcaucasia, W. and S. Siberia to Transbaikalia.
		The nominate form is distributed in the N. and central European parts.
		Photo and text: Guide to the BUTTERFLIES OF RUSSIA and adjacent territories Volume 1.
	rusinsects.com /g-rham.htm (197 words)

	Electronic Bulletin #40 (English)
		Caucasus Environmental NGO Network (CENN), a non-governmental, non-profit organization, is seeking a candidate of web designer and IT specialist for CENN regional web related activities in the Caucasus.
		Although at the present time, the majority of the original material is written in English and then translated, FAO is particularly interested in expanding the roster for writers, editors, web producers and designers, desktop publishers and graphic designers who are working in Spanish, French, Arabic and Chinese.
		Major Research Internship at the University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture in the qualitative study of sustainable technology for an entering graduate student in the MSAS, or Ph.D. program with Dr. Steven A.
	www.cenn.org /40_bull.html (11275 words)

	Caucasus - ENCYCLOPEDIA - The History Channel UK
		Caucasus - ENCYCLOPEDIA - The History Channel UK or LOGIN
		Except as otherwise permitted by written agreement, the following are prohibited: copying substantial portions or the entirety of the work in machine readable form, making multiple printouts thereof, and other uses of the work inconsistent with U.S. and applicable foreign copyright and related laws.
		THE HISTORY CHANNEL and BIOGRAPHY are trademarks of AandE Television Networks used under license ©2004 AandE Television Networks.
	www.thehistorychannel.co.uk /site/search/search.php?word=Caucasus (785 words)

	Environment - Environmental Groups Challenge Lenders on Azerbaijan Finances
		A day after World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) officials finished their annual meetings by urging rich nations to trade more energetically with poor ones, a network of environmental organizations has urged the international lenders to force Azerbaijan to avoid improperly using state funds in one of the Caucasus’ major international-trade projects.
		When the IMF committed a $100 million loan to Azerbaijan in July 2001, it stressed the importance of a solid and audit-ready Oil Fund.
		Apart from the risks, the NGOs argue that an overlap between the state oil company and the oil fund violates the IMF’s insistence on transparency.
	www.eurasianet.org /departments/environment/articles/eav093002_pr.shtml (490 words)

	Russian Security Forces Strike at Heart of Suicide Bomber Network - NEWS - MOSNEWS.COM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Spokesman of Russian troops in the North Caucasus, Ilya Shabalkin / Frame from NTV
		The Russian Federal Security Service (FSB) and interior troops have dealt a serious blow to the finance channels and the training system of female suicide bombers, a spokesman of the regional headquarters for anti-terrorist operations in the North Caucasus, Major General Ilya Shabalkin, was quoted by Russian Information Agency Novosti as saying.
		It cleared a major hurdle in Mittal Steel’s bid to take over Arcelor and form the world’s largest steelmaker.
	www.mosnews.com /news/2004/09/22/security.shtml (764 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		NHBS - Soils of the Caucasus Major Within SSR Azerbaijan, Vol.
		Soils of the Caucasus Major Within SSR Azerbaijan, Vol.
		To obtain further information together with a full selection of titles, please visit the Russo-Asiatic Home Page
	www.nhbs.com /title.php?tefno=86594 (65 words)

	Emanuel G. Bombolakis - Boston College (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Bombolakis, E., Adamia, S. A., and Dolginov, E. (1997) Some Major Problems of the Post-Cretaceous Structural Evolution of the Caucasus.
		European Geophysical Society, XXII General Assembly, Annales Geophysicae, Supplement 1, vol.
		Bombolakis, E., Adamia, S. A., and Dolginov, E. (1997) Post Oligocene Structural Evolution of the Caucasus: Major Problems, Preliminary Results.
	www.bc.edu /schools/cas/geo/people/faculty/bombolakis (163 words)

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