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Topic: Caudal fin

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	* Caudal fin - (Fishing): Definition
		Caudal peduncle -- The tapering portion of a fish's body between the posterior edge of the anal fin base and the base of the caudal fin...
		The softer, fleshy adipose fin, between the dorsal and caudal fin, is an indicator that the trout is a salmonid.
		Caudal fin and lower fin margins are white or yellowish with dusky spots at rear of dorsal and anal fins...
	en.mimi.hu /fishing/caudal_fin.html (563 words)

	American Zoologist: Function of the caudal fin during locomotion in fishes: Kinematics, flow visualization, and ...
		The caudal fin of leopard sharks functions in a manner consistent with the classical model of heterocercal tail function in which the caudal surface moves at an acute angle to the horizontal plane, and hence is expected to generate lift forces and torques which must be counteracted anteriorly by the body and pectoral fins.
		Because of the prominence of the caudal fin in early vertebrate fossils, its importance in locomotion, and the diversity of tail shapes, nearly all textbooks of vertebrate paleontology, anatomy, and ichthyology discuss the evolution of the tail.
		The caudal fin represents the distal region of the vertebrate axis and is the region of the body where fluid accelerated anteriorly is shed into the surrounding medium.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3746/is_200002/ai_n8878436 (1214 words)

	[No title]
		The dorsal fin is pointed and ends between the beginning and the end of the first third of the caudal fin.
		The caudal fin is round with a diameter of 5/10 of the body length.
		The dorsal fin is rounded and and the end points at the basis of the caudal fin.
	hem.passagen.se /mikeno/english/texter/estand.htm (857 words)

	Angelfish Index
		The caudal fin is pearly brown with a white chevron line and a thick fl edge.
		The pelvic fin is yellow as is the trim on the dorsal fin and anal extensions.
		The caudal fin is yellow with a vertical blue stripe in the center.
	www.aqualink.com /catalogs/yangel.html (1568 words)

	FishFamilies
		Acipenseridae ‑ (sturgeons) caudal fin heterocercal; 5 rows of bony scutes on body (1 dorsal, 2 lateral, 2 ventral); mouth ventral and protractile; 4 barbels anterior to mouth; jaws toothless.
		Polyodontidae ‑ (paddlefish) caudal fin heterocercal, no bony scutes; snout elongated in shape of paddle; body naked or with sparse scales; mouth non‑protractile and entirely behind eye; 2 barbels; jaws with small teeth.
		Lepisosteidae ‑ (gars) caudal fin abbreviate‑heterocercal; snout very elongated with sharp teeth; external nares at tip of snout; scales thick and diamond‑shaped (ganoid) and not overlapping.
	pages.slu.edu /faculty/aspinwalln/fishfamilieswebpage.htm (720 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		Pectoral and pelvic fin lengths are from the uppermost and anteriormost points of the fin bases, respectively, to the tip of the longest fin rays.
		The “caudal spot” is a dark brown to fl spot usually mid-lateral on the caudal peduncle at or near the caudal-fin base.
		Dark cheek mark linear; diffuse caudal spot on upper part of peduncle (spot distinct and midlateral in juveniles); upper and lower edges of caudal fin not flish or submarginally dusky...........
	www.bioline.org.br /request?sm03001 (15384 words)

	Butterfly Fish Index (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The spines of the dorsal fin are white and the lining on the rear of the fl patch is yellow, white and blue.
		The anal, dorsal and caudal fins are uniformly colored in yellow, which forms a ring around the fish.
		There is a fl patch on the caudal fin and a fl stripe running from the head, through the eye and to the bottom.
	www.aqualink.com /catalogs/ybutter2.html (1534 words)

	Aquaria Central - pearl gourami caudal fin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Yes the anal fin is looking rather ragged, but that is fairly normal as a male pearl matures.
		The male anal fin develops these "extentions" which make the fin look pretty rough, but it is normal.
		In fact, the reason I was concerned was that my female pearl has a perfectly smooth back to her anal fin.
	www.aquariacentral.com /forums/printthread.php?t=17799 (127 words)

	KEY TO GENERA OCCURRING IN THE AREA:
		The majority of gobies have the pelvic fins united to form a ventral disc; those gobies whose pelvic fins are not united are typically found in coral reef areas.
		The terminal ray of the second dorsal and anal fins is divided to its base (but only counted as a single element.) The head is often scaled, scales being either cycloid or ctenoid.
		Eleotridae: base of second dorsal fin equal to or shorter than distance from end of second dorsal fin to base of caudal fin; pelvic fins always separate; found mostly in brackish or freshwater habitats, only one species occurs on coral reefs.
	gobiidae.com /FAO_WA_gobies.htm (4544 words)

	2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Inhibits Zebrafish Caudal Fin Regeneration -- Zodrow and Tanguay 76 (1): 151 -- ...
		of the fin to regenerate in the presence of TCDD occurred in
		of the fin to regenerate in the presence of TCDD is a consequence
		Geraudie, J., Monnot, M. J., Brulfert, A., and Ferretti, P. Caudal fin regeneration in wild type and long-fin mutant zebrafish is affected by retinoic acid.
	toxsci.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/76/1/151 (5711 words)

	Genetic Analysis of Isometric Growth Control Mechanisms in the Zebrafish Caudal Fin -- Iovine and Johnson 155 (3): 1321 ...
		in the fin, we have begun an analysis of fin ray growth.
		The wild-type and sof fin growth data were best fit with a logarithmic curve, and the lof data were best fit as a first-order line.
		the medial fin ray (the shortest ray of the caudal fin) are
	www.genetics.org /cgi/content/full/155/3/1321 (4872 words)

	Lutjanus synagris caudal fin references (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Middle rays of caudal fin fitting about 2 times in head length.
		References to Lutjanus synagris (Linnaeus, 1758): Jordan and Evermann 1898: Page 1248 (as Neomaenis synagris) (key) - "Caudal not deeply forked..." Page 1270 (text) - "...caudal moderately forked, the upper lobe the longer, 1 ½ length of middle rays, which are 2 in head..." Allen 1985: Page 120 (text) - "...caudal fin emarginate."
		1983:Page 603 (text) - "...the caudal fin varies from deeply forked to truncate." "Lateral line scales extend onto the caudal fin base, but not to its edge." Eschmeyer and Herald 1983: Page 215 (text) - "Caudal fin square-cut to forked." Masuda et al.
	vm.cfsan.fda.gov /~frf/rfe3ls16.html (212 words)

	Key to subfamilies of Gobiidae occurring in the area
		Dorsal and anal fins separated from caudal fin, both dorsal fins typically separate..................
		caudal fin short, the length usually subequal to head length; ventral surface of lower jaw usually with
		Second dorsal fin with 23 or fewer total elements; anal fin with 23 or fewer total elements......
	gobiidae.com /FAO_gobiid_IP.htm (3970 words)

	Identification Key to Native Freshwater Fishes of Peninsular Florida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		17a) Spines absent in dorsal and anal fins.........................................................................
		29b) Caudal fin forked; a spot (but no vertical bar) may be present at base of caudal fin......
		36b) Dorsal and anal fins in adults not notably enlarged and rounded; snouts of adults not blue in life; caudal spot, if present, not distinctly oblong, no intensely dark or extending onto caudal fin; origin of dorsal fin only slightly posterior to insertion of pelvic fins..................................................................................................................................
	www.flmnh.ufl.edu /fish/southflorida/everglades/marshes/fishkeyedu.html (2175 words)

	Keys
		Caudal fin lobes strongly asymmetrical, the upper lobe much larger than the lower and containing the vertebral column; 2 pairs of barbels in front of subterminal (under head) mouth; 5 rows of bony plates along body = Acipenseridae (Sturgeons/Esturgeons) Acipenser fulvescens (Lake Sturgeon/Esturgeon jaune) [Ottawa and Gatineau rivers]
		Caudal fin lobes mostly symmetrical externally (when present), no extensive presence of vertebral column in lobes; barbels if present not anterior to mouth; body without 5 rows of plates, with regular scales, or no scales --> 3
		Caudal fin deeply forked; spots on flank sometimes irregular, bean-shaped whitish or cream (rarely orange); pyloric caeca (finger-like blind sacs attached to the junction of the stomach and intestine) about 90-200; 7-12 parr marks (dark bars on flank of young fish), irregular, often interrupted, and narrow = Salvelinus namaycush (Lake Trout/Touladi) [Québec lakes, Gatineau River]
	www.briancoad.com /ncr/keys.htm (5098 words)

	Energetics of median and paired fin swimming, body and caudal fin swimming, and gait transition in parrotfish (Scarus ...
		Energetics of median and paired fin swimming, body and caudal fin swimming, and gait transition in parrotfish (Scarus schlegeli) and triggerfish (Rhinecanthus aculeatus) -- Korsmeyer et al.
		Symbols in red are the frequencies of the dorsal, anal and caudal fins when body-caudal swimming was used.
		of the dorsal and anal fins (Figs 2 and 5).
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/205/9/1253 (6632 words)

	Field Char
		narrow caudal peduncle and triangular tail, not forked.
		Anal fin: Triangular, long-base, posterior, symmetric with dorsal fin.
		All have single dorsal fin, with a deep notch between the spiny anterior and soft posterior portions.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~pwebb/LesChen/species.html (658 words)

	McDowall--Principal caudal fin rays in galaxioid fishes
		The principal caudal fin ray count - a fundamental character in the galaxioid fishes
		The most anterior (or ventral) principal ray is supported by the parhypural while the posterior (or uppermost) principal ray lies immediately below the point at which the notochord emerges from the truncated posterior end of the last caudal vertebra.
		The consistent relationship to these skeletal elements suggests that the principal caudal fin ray count is a character of fundamental nature for the galaxioid fishes, giving it particular phylogenetic significance in that group.
	www.rsnz.org /publish/nzjz/2001/27.php (135 words)

	Biologybase: External Fish Anatomy: Caudal Fin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Caudal fin - a single fin in most fishes, in the selectively bred goldfish illustrated it is a double fin, cause by a human selected genetic mutation.
		Often called the tail fin, it provides the main power for forward movement.
		In some species it's has a simple circular edge, in others it may me long and ribbon like.
	www.interaktv.com /fishanat/caudal.html (67 words)

	Fish Families ID (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		6A Dorsal fin with only one or no spinous rays, pelvic fin without spine....
		6B Dorsal fin with more than one spine and pelvic fin with a spine............
		9A Body eel-shaped, dorsal and anal fins continuous with caudal fin.
	www.nacs.net /~zeiglerp/fish_families_id.htm (664 words)

	McDowall-Enumeration of principal caudal fin rays
		Protocols for enumerating the principal caudal fin rays of fishes
		Abstract A protocol for enumeration of the principal caudal fin rays in teleost fishes is suggested, in which fin rays are numbered in a ventral-dorsal but antero-postero direction, as are the hypurals in the caudal fin skeleton.
		Z02032 Received 30 September 2002; accepted 18 March 2003; Online publication date 8 September 2003
	www.rsnz.org /publish/nzjz/2003/026.php (88 words)

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