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NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Caudate nucleus The caudate nucleus is a telencephalic nucleus, one of the input nuclei of the basal ganglia involved with control of voluntary movement in the brain. The arcuate nucleus is an aggregation of neurons in the mediobasal hypothalamus, adjacent to the third ventricle and the median eminence. The nucleus accumbens (also known as the accumbens nucleus or nucleus accumbens septi [Latin for nucleus leaning against the septum]) is a collection of neurons located where the head of the caudate and the anterior portion of the putamen meet just lateral to the septum pellucidum. www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Caudate-nucleus   (3017 words)

Caudate nucleus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The caudate nucleus is a telencephalic nucleus, one of the input nuclei of the basal ganglia involved with control of voluntary movement in the brain. The head and body of the caudate nucleus form the part of the floor of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle. It is separated from the lenticular nucleus (a structure which includes the putamen) by the internal capsule. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Caudate_nucleus   (463 words)

Neuronal organization of fetal striatal grafts in kainate- and sham- lesioned rat caudate nucleus: light- and ... Neuronal organization of fetal striatal grafts in kainate- and sham- lesioned rat caudate nucleus: light- and electron-microscopic observations -- DiFiglia et al. Neuronal organization of fetal striatal grafts in kainate- and sham- lesioned rat caudate nucleus: light- and electron-microscopic observations caudate nucleus in order to compare the neuronal organization of the grafts www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/short/8/4/1112   (391 words)

Nucleus accumbens - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The nucleus accumbens (also known as the accumbens nucleus or nucleus accumbens septi [Latin for nucleus leaning against the septum]) is a collection of neurons located where the head of the caudate and the anterior portion of the putamen meet just lateral to the septum pellucidum. The output neurons of the nucleus accumbens send axon projections to the ventral analog of the globus pallidus, known as the ventral pallidum (VP). Major inputs to the nucleus accumbens include the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, and dopaminergic neurons located in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), which connect via the mesolimbic pathway. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nucleus_accumbens   (679 words)

Differential Effects of 6-OHDA Lesions of the Frontal Cortex and Caudate Nucleus on the Ability to Acquire an ... (6-OHDA) lesions in the frontal cortex and caudate nucleus in Lesions of the dopaminergic innervation to the PFC or caudate the caudal sectors of the caudate nucleus, the putamen, the cercor.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/11/11/1015   (8686 words)

NDI Terminology - nucleus   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) A cell nucleus: a spheroid body within a cell, consisting of a number of characteristic organelles visible with the optical microscope, a thin nuclear membrane, a nucleolus or nucleoli, irregular granules of chromatin and linin, and a diffuse nucleoplasm. The caudate nucleus and putamen form a functional unit (the neostriatum) of the corpus striatum. The part of the corpus striatum somewhat resembling a biconvex lens, divided into an external, larger, lateral part, the putamen, and an internal, smaller, lighter colored medial part (globus pallidus), which is in turn subdivided into a smaller, medial, and a larger, lateral part by the medial medullary lamina. www.ndif.org /Terms/nucleus.html   (183 words)

[No title] Identify the caudate nucleus, putamen and the internal and external segments of the globus pallidus. Notice that the caudate nucleus and putamen are separated by the anterior limb of the internal capsule and that the posterior limb separates the thalamus from the globus pallidus. Identify the nucleus accumbens ventral and medial to the caudate nucleus and putamen. www.columbia.edu /itc/hs/medical/neuralsci/2003/lab/Lab11_BasalGanglia/NAlab11_BasalGanglia.doc   (1803 words)

The Effect of Clozapine on Caudate Nucleus Volume in Schizophrenic Patients Previously Treated with Typical ... The effect of typical antipsychotics on caudate volume may be the result of a dopamine D1 and dopamine D2 receptor blockade which causes activation, regeneration, and hypertrophy of striatal synaptic and/or cellular elements and increase of bloodflow in the basal ganglia (Muller and Seeman 1977; Benes et al. For analysis of the caudate nucleus a T1-weighted scan with 1.2 mm contiguous coronal slices (TE = 4.6 ms; TR = 30 ms; flip angle 30°; FOV = 256/80%) of the whole head was used. Analysis of the caudate nucleus size and total brain volume was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the factors 'side' (right and left), 'treatment' (status during last week of treatment with typical antipsychotics versus status after 24 weeks of treatment with clozapine), and 'group' (responders and nonresponders). www.nature.com /npp/journal/v24/n1/full/1395580a.html   (4146 words)

[No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) The large head of the caudate nucleus forms the inferolateral wall of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle and is continuous with the anterior part of the putamen of the lentiform nucleus. From the body, the tail of the caudate nucleus curves around the posterior border of the thalamus to lie in the roof of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle in which it runs forward till it abuts the amygdaloid nucleus in its anterior extremity. It forms the lateral part of the lentiform nucleus and is continuous at its anterior pole with the head of the caudate nucleus. www.student.uib.no /~st03006/atlas/materiale/tekst/BASALGANGL.txt   (523 words)

Week 7 Lab...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) Thus, the caudate nucleus is in the floor of the anterior horn and the body; and in the roof of the inferior horn. The head of the caudate nucleus and the thalamus are closer to the midline; the lentiform nucleus ‘fits in’ between the two. Remember the relationship of the caudate nucleus with the lateral ventricle, and the relative positions of the caudate and lentiform nuclei and the thalamus. www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au /hb207/02weekpages/wk07/week07_4lab.htm   (1761 words)

ch8 caudate nucleus: a telencephalic nucleus; one of the input nuclei of basal ganglia along with the putamen; involved with control of voluntary movement. direct pathway (in basal ganglia): the pathway that includes the caudate nucleus and putamen, the external division of the globus pallidus, the subthalamic nucleus, the internal division of the globus pallidus, and the ventral anterior/ventrolateral thalamic nuclei; has an inhibitory effect on movement. Huntington's disease: a fatal inherited disorder that causes degeneration of the caudate nucleus and putamen; characterized by uncontrollable jerking movements, writhing movements, and dementia. www2.truman.edu /shaffer/321ch8_2001.htm   (1779 words)

Notes on the Basal Ganglia The putamen is largely associated with movement in general and the caudate nucleus with eye movements and cognitive functions. Caudate and putamen project to both regions of the globus pallidus and the pars reticulata of the substantia nigra. Because the corticostriatal pathway and the striatopallidal and striatonigral pathways are topographically organized, specific parts of the cortex act on specific parts of the globus pallidus and substantia nigra via the striatum. www2.umdnj.edu /~paneuweb/basgang.htm   (833 words)

[No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) The striatal ridge is a collection of dividing cells in the floor of the telencephalon’s ventricle that gives rise to the caudate and putamen nuclei (neostriatum) (and the amygdaloid nucleus). When the ventricle courses inferiorly into the temporal lobe the tail of the caudate nucleus follows the ventricle but lies in the roof of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle. The head of the caudate nucleus remains near the point of origin near the foramen of Monro. isc.temple.edu /neuroanatomy/lab/embryo/dienprog3.htm   (175 words)

BBC NEWS | Health | Scan 'shows if people trust you' Activity in the caudate nucleus was greatest when the investor repaid generosity with generosity and most subdued when the investor repaid generosity with stinginess. Past studies have shown the caudate nucleus is connected to the brain's reward pathways and that it goes into overdrive when a reward is expected. She said the caudate nucleus was certainly an important area of the brain involved in schizophrenia and autism. news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/health/4397269.stm   (593 words)

Single unit activity in frontal cortex and caudate nucleus of young and old rats.   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) Spontaneous neuronal activity was recorded extracellularly from isolated single units in frontal neocortex and caudate nucleus of young and aged F344 rats anesthetized with urethane. Caudate nucleus cells (n = 70) showed a significant shift towards fewer fast discharging cells in old rats, with the average firing rate diminished by one-third. Although more brain regions need to be examined in a similar fashion, the consistency of the present results with those previously reported for the brainstem and cerebellum suggests that slower firing rates and longer ISIs are likely to be wide-spread throughout the brains of aged rats. www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_4058653.html   (282 words)

HOPES Glossary, C caudate nucleus - A brain structure within the basal ganglia; responsible for regulating and organizing information being sent to the frontal lobes from other areas of the brain. Chromosomes are usually found in the nucleus of cells as a large, diffuse mass of DNA. Cytokines are signaling chemicals involved in various pathways that contribute to the inflammatory response. www.stanford.edu /group/hopes/sttools/gloss/c.html   (2619 words)

The Basal Ganglia   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) Here, the head of the caudate appears to be continuous with the anterior part of the putamen. The subthalamic nucleus lies across the internal capsule from the globus pallidus. In fact, it is a more important route for information from the caudate nucleus to reach the thalamus than is the globus pallidus. www.geocities.com /medinotes/basal_ganglia.htm   (553 words)

Early American Manual Therapy The interpeduncular ganglion, the central gray matter around the aqueduct of the cerebrum (Sylvius), the nucleus pontis, and perhaps others of the groups of cells in the interbrain, midbrain, pons and medulla may be concerned in modifying the nature of the instinctive and emotional reactions. The putamen exchanges fibers with the caudate nucleus, the globus pallidus and the cortex, chiefly of the insula and the fronto-parietal region. The posterior extension, or tail of the caudate nucleus is continuous with the amygdala. www.meridianinstitute.com /eamt/files/burns3/bur3ch06.html   (6329 words)

Effects of Stimulants of Abuse on Extrapyramidal and Limbic Neuropeptide Y Systems -- Westwood and Hanson 288 (3): 1160 ... and 1.5 mm anterior to bregma for the posterior nucleus accumbens Anterior nucleus accumbens, 2.5 mm anterior to bregma (A), lateral and medial anterior caudate and posterior nucleus accumbens, 1.5 mm anterior to bregma (B), lateral and medial posterior caudate 0.5 mm anterior to bregma (C), and globus pallidus, 0.5 mm posterior to bregma (D). and medial posterior caudate, the globus pallidus, and the substantia jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/288/3/1160   (3884 words)

CiteULike: Tag caudate   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) Tonically active neurons in the primate caudate nucleus and putamen differentially encode instructed motivational outcomes of action. Caudate stimulation and substantia nigra activity in the rat. Intracranial self-stimulation in orbitofrontal cortex and caudate nucleus of rhesus monkey: effects of apomorphine, pimozide, and spiroperidol. www.citeulike.org /tag/caudate   (630 words)

caudate nucleus   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) Age-related decreases in dopamine receptors in the caudate nucleus and putamen of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). Development of dopamine neurotransmission and uptake inhibition in the caudate nucleus as measured by fast-cyclic voltammetry. Development of responses of globus pallidus and entopeduncular nucleus neurons to stimulation of the caudate nucleus and precruciate cortex. www.arclab.org /node_pages/2492.html   (1031 words)

Team projects on www for Biological Basis of Behavior - 1999   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16) The caudate nucleus (the “nucleus with a tail”) is a telencephalic nucleus and resides in the subcortex motor area. Other effects of lesions on the caudate nucleus were Huntington’s chorea’s jerky limb movements, (Carlson, 1999)the interruptions of voluntary saccades (Matsumura, 1996), deficits in spontaneous eye movements (Kori, 1995), and suppression of the contralateral visual signal by the ipsilateral signal. It is a lesion to the caudate nucleus, the putamen, or the globus pallidus (collectively refereed to as the basal ganglia) that is responsible for a variety of somewhat rare environmental and genetic disorders. www.humboldt.edu /~morgan/mot2_f99.htm   (4052 words)

[No title] The lenticular nucleus (lens like) is separated from the caudate by white fiber tracts that pass from cortex and form the internal capsule. The head of the caudate forms the lateral wall of the frontal horn of the lateral ventricle. The afferent connections to the globus pallidus are from subthalamic nucleus, neostriatum and substantia nigra. www.kumc.edu /research/medicine/pharmacology/CAI/webCAI/anatomy/ua11.wbc   (497 words)

Thalamic Involvement in Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: A Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging Study -- Tschampa et al. 24 ... There is high SI in the right caudate nucleus and putamen bilaterally and in the frontal, parietal, and cingulate cortex. Measurements were performed in five anatomic regions: the head of the caudate nucleus (empty rectangle), the putamen (open rhomboid), the pulvinar thalami (filled triangle), the MD (filled circle), and the hippocampus (star). In the caudate nucleus, the putamen, and the MD, there was a gradual increase in the ADCs during the course of the disease. www.ajnr.org /cgi/content/figsonly/24/5/908   (518 words)

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