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Topic: Causewayed camp

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	Causewayed enclosure - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Causewayed enclosures are a type of large prehistoric earthworks common to the early Neolithic Europe.
		Causewayed enclosure is preferred to the older term causewayed camp as it has been demonstrated that the sites did not necessarily serve as occupation sites.
		They should not be confused with segmented, or causewayed ring ditches, which are smaller and relate only to funerary activity or with hillforts which are later and had a definite defensive function.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Causewayed_enclosure (641 words)

	Causewayed camp (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Camp Kidaca Offers pictures and memories from Hamiltos former day camp, Camp Kidaca.
		Camp Birchwood and Gunflint Wilderness Camp Girls residential summer camp.
		Camp Tawingo Camp for boys and girls from 7-16 with both residential and day camp options.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Causewayed_camp.html (369 words)

	Windmill Hill - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Windmill Hill is a Neolithic causewayed enclosure in the English county of Wiltshire, situated around 3 miles north of Avebury.
		The site was excavated in 1926 by Harold St George Gray whose work established it as the type-site for causewayed camps as they were then called.
		The camp remained in use throughout the rest of the Neolithic with Grooved ware and Beaker potsherds having been found in later deposits.
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Windmill_Hill (258 words)

	Glossary
		Causewayed enclosures are common to central southern England.
		It is a curved continuation of a bank and ditch around a marching camp so it came in where the entrances where.
		They were used on marching camps and temporary camps as they were a quick form of defence.
	www.keystothepast.info /durhamcc/k2p.nsf/k2pGlossaryList?readform&letter=C (6596 words)

	Windmill Hill - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Windmill Hill is a Neolithic causewayed enclosure in the English county of Wiltshire, situated around 3 miles (5 km) north of Avebury.
		It is the largest example of its type in the British Isles enclosing an area of 85,000 square metres.
		The causeways interrupting the ditches vary in width from a few centimetres to 7 m.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Windmill_Hill (259 words)

	THE TRUNDLE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Neolithic causewayed camp enclosed an area of around 3 acres (c.
		1.2ha) by means of a spiral ditch which encircled the central ritual area several times and was crossed by causeways at irregular intervals.
		The flexed skeleton of a young woman was found buried in this ditch beneath a pile of small chalk blocks.
	www.roman-britain.org /places/celtic/the_trundle.htm (137 words)

	Causewayed Camps
		To understand the relevance of the Causewayed Camps, often called Causewayed Enclosures, to the History of English castles is explained by looking at the definition of a castle.
		A Neolithic Causewayed Camp was built as an enclosed area which was used for a meeting place for formal tribal purposes, trading, animal compounds and defence from intruders.
		Neolithic Causewayed Camps were generally built on hilltops and consisted of a central ritual area which was surrounded by several concentric, or spiral, rings of banks and ditches.
	www.castles.me.uk /causewayed-camps.htm (548 words)

	3. FUNNEL BEAKER CULTURE ORIGINS
		Causewayed camps functioned not only as ritual centers, but, given their location and size, also could have been used as communal fortifications, trade and communication centers, and river as well as overland traffic/trade control points.
		The interpretation of causewayed camps and large villages as central sites in the TRB settlement pattern was originally questioned, because their large number at close proximity in East Jylland.
		Surrounding the causewayed camp or similar large hilltop site are smaller villages and activity sites, as well as megalithic tombs, stone packing graves, and earth burials or flat-graves.
	www.comp-archaeology.org /04Social%20OrganizationTRB.htm (7647 words)

	Combe Hill Causewayed Enclosure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The causewayed enclosure was protected in 1932 when it became a scheduled ancient monument, though it has been excavated twice since.
		On the eastern side a causeway 10 metres wide may have been one of the original entrances to the enclosure.
		A further 11 metre wide causeway on the south side may be a second entrance, though disturbances in the ground may be evidence of backfilling of the ditch at some point in time.
	www2.prestel.co.uk /aspen/sussex/combehill.html (2574 words)

	Lughnasadh Celebrated throughout Seasons of Life
		The camp you have entered covers fully 8.5 hectares, the turf is velvety and the air is sweet.
		Beyond the edge of the camp the great hill falls away to an expansive view northward.
		An infant skull was excavated from the outer bank of the camp, where it had lain nestled by the skull of a cow.
	merganser.math.gvsu.edu /myth/JulyAug03.html (1376 words)

	Causewayed enclosure -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Crossing the ditches at intervals are (A road that is raised above water or marshland or sand) causeways which give the monuments their names.
		They should not be confused with segmented, or (Click link for more info and facts about causewayed ring ditch) causewayed ring ditches, which are smaller and relate only to funerary activity or with (Click link for more info and facts about hillfort) hillforts which are later and had a definite defensive function.
		Examples of causewayed enclosures include those at (Click link for more info and facts about Hambledon Hill) Hambledon Hill, (Click link for more info and facts about Windmill Hill) Windmill Hill, (Click link for more info and facts about Hembury) Hembury and (Click link for more info and facts about Coombe Hill) Coombe Hill.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/ca/causewayed_enclosure.htm (586 words)

	Windmill Hill & Druid Camp, the cattle of cognizance
		In the Neolithic Age a place was monumentalised upon the landscape of the Kennet Valley in a grazed and cultivated woodland clearing upon a hill, today known as Windmill Hill.
		There is a definite hierarchy of space created by the three concentric rings, ordering the way individuals and congregations moved through the space, like a Shinto shrine where one passes through the Torii gateways to the centre, the holy of holies or most meaningful place.
		The pits from previous camps are encountered; fire pits, compost and shit pits.
	www.druidry.org /obod/camps/windmillhill.html (958 words)

	Archaeology Wordsmith (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The hilltop was enclosed by a series of concentric ditches, 1-4 in number, with internal banks and which were not continuous but interrupted by solid causeways (undisturbed lanes of earth).
		pottery, animal bones, and domestic garbage stratified within the ditches show that the camps were used during the entire Neolithic period.
		A common theory about the camps' use is as meeting places used at intervals by the population of a wide area.
	www.reference-wordsmith.com /cgi-bin/lookup.cgi?category=&where=headword&terms=causeway (149 words)

	maiden castle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Situated 2 miles south of Dorchester the earthworks cover around 180,000 m² and are up to 6 m high.
		Excavations at the site have dated construction of a "causewayed camp" back to around 3000 BC.
		An extensive bank and ditch as well as burial mounds are evident from this period.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /maiden_castle.html (268 words)

	CRICKLEY HILL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Although no occupation evidence such as post-holes or storage-pits have been discovered which can be attributed to this period, the discovery of hundreds of flint arrowheads embedded in the ramparts proves that the site was at least used as a place of refuge.
		Evidence suggests that the camp was built in two phases, with the second causeway added later.
		After a long period of abandonment the promontory hill-top was re-settled during the Iron Age when a triangular area of around 9 acres was fortified by a 10 foot (3m) high drystone wall fronted by a deep, rock-cut ditch erected across the eastern end of the promontory.
	www.roman-britain.org /places/celtic/crickley_hill.htm (463 words)

	Causewayed camp (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Causewayed enclosure is preferred to the term causewayed camp it has been demonstrated that the sites did notnecessarily serve as occupation sites.
		They should not be confused with segmented, or causewayed ring ditches, which are smaller and relate only tofunerary activity or with hillforts which are later and had a definite defensivefunction.
		Some tor enclosures such as that at Carn Brea are believed to have served a similar purpose in south westernBritain.
	www.therfcc.org /causewayed-camp-131448.html (384 words)

	Windmill Hill, Avebury, Wiltshire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The hilltop is enclosed by 3 concentric rings of ditches that are broken by causewayed entrances.
		The camp was never a permanent settlement of any kind but was probably a seasonal or festive gathering place for the surrounding communities to trade and communicate.
		The camp would have been easy to locate for those travelling from afar and signs of any festivities would have been there for all to see and join in.
	freespace.virgin.net /ancient.ways/windmill.htm (206 words)

	Archaeology Wordsmith
		DEFINITION: A term used to describe any kind of ditched or embanked enclosure -- from the Neolithic causewayed camps to Iron Age hill forts and Roman fortifications.
		DEFINITION: A area of southern Italy along the Bay of Naples that was the location of the Greek colony Cumae and was once controlled by the Etruscans.
		DEFINITION: An international movement, coordinated by UNESCO between 1960-1980, to limit the loss of archaeological data as a result of the building of the Aswan High Dam and the subsequent flooding of much of Lower Nubia by Lake Nasser.
	www.reference-wordsmith.com /cgi-bin/lookup.cgi?category=&where=headword&terms=camp (342 words)

	Windmill Hill culture - Wikpedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Since the term was coined further excavation and analysis has indicated that in consisted of several discrete cultures such as the Hembury culture and the Abingdon culture.
		The material record left by these people includes Causewayed camps, Long barrows, leaf-shaped arrowheads and polished stone axes.
		Windmill Hill itself is a causewayed camp on Salisbury Plain.
	www.bostoncoop.net /~tpryor/wiki/index.php?title=Windmill_Hill_culture (82 words)

	2.PAK bei eLexi - das Onlinelexikon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Camp de Tarragona was the historical name for part of Catalonia, Spain.
		In the comarcal division of 1936 it was subdivided into the comarques of Alt Camp, Tarragonès, and Baix Camp.
		Causewayed camps are a type of large prehistoric earthwork common to the early Neolithic in southern Britain.
	www.elexi.de /en/2/2_/2_pak.html (347 words)

	Archaeology: The Neolithic Age \| British History Online
		The presence of pottery of the Windmill Hill type suggests that its makers were the first farmers to reach the county, settling initially on the better-drained river gravels, from which they may have extended their occupations.
		In southern England the Windmill Hill people settled mostly on the chalk uplands, (Footnote 92) but the discovery at Yeoveney of one of their causewayed camps shows that there was some penetration into Middlesex.
		Staines, near the causewayed camp, seems to be more prolific, in contrast to the lesser scatters of Sunbury and Hampton.
	www.british-history.ac.uk /report.asp?compid=22097 (3047 words)

	Causewayed Enclosure Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Looking For causewayed enclosure - Find causewayed enclosure and more at Lycos Search.
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	www.fburg.com /encyclopedia/Causewayed_enclosure (819 words)

	Neolithic
		North-west of Staines, at Yeoveney Lodge, a causewayed camp was excavated.
		It appeared unsuitable for defence or corralling cattle, and with little evidence of any permanent structures inside, causewayed camps are sometimes interpreted as being built on tribal boundaries, perhaps to act as neutral gathering places used at intervals to exchange goods or hold seasonal fairs
		The effort required to build these monuments and camps must have been substantial and indicates the development of a common will, a tribal identity, a territory and a leader.
	www.chobham.info /neolithic.htm (1281 words)

	The Old Stones of Staines (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A stone monument near Great Fosters Hotel claims to mark the route, but others have theorised that it runs along what is now Egham Causeway, raised in the thirteenth century as the area was prone to flooding.
		The Egham Causeway is another of the alignments converging on the proposed site of the stones; a ley which passes through a Neolithic and Bronze Age site by Runnymede motorway bridge.
		These are the causewayed camp, the Runnymede Bridge Neolithic site, a Bronze Age/Iron Age enclosure on Staines Moor and a Bronze Age enclosure ditch at Petters Sports Field, Egham.
	www.ahsoc.fsnet.co.uk /staines (1509 words)

	Windmill Hill (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Windmill Hill is a Neolithic causewayed camp in Wiltshire around 3 miles north of Avebury.
		It is the largest example of its type in the British Isles.
		The camp remained in usethroughout the rest of the Neolithic with Grooved ware and Beaker sherds having been found in later deposits.
	www.therfcc.org /windmill-hill-15632.html (154 words)

	Silbury and Edward Duke
		The adjacent Knap Hill is surmounted by a Neolithic causewayed camp or enclosure c.
		Casterley Camp was an ancient military camp on the edge of Salisbury Plain.
		It is now believed that Marden, Casterley Camp and Walker’s Hill were all military camps, not religious temples as claimed by Duke.
	infoman16.tripod.com /Articles/dukeline.htm (4584 words)

	Causewayed enclosure - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Causewayed enclosure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Causewayed enclosure - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Causewayed enclosure.
		Here you will find more informations about Causewayed enclosure.
		The orginal Causewayed enclosure article can be editet
	www.encyclopedia-glossary.com /en/Causewayed-enclosure.html (460 words)

	Din Rail Enclosures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Burial sites (to which must be added the more recent idea that they were also used as landmarks) Animal remains, domestic waste and pottery have been found in at the sites but only limited evidence of any structures.
		A tor enclosure is a prehistoric monument found in the south western part of the United Kingdom.
		They are comparable to the causewayed enclosures found elsewhere in the British Isles and many are of similar Neolithic date although others are form later in prehistory.
	www.blownspeakers.com /pages3/25/din-rail-enclosures.html (857 words)

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