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Topic: Cave Bear

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	Cave Bear - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Cave Bear (Ursus spelaeus) was a species of bear which lived in Europe during the Pleistocene and became extinct at the end of the last ice age about 10,000 years ago.
		Both the name Cave Bear and the scientific name spelaeus derive from the fact that fossils of this species were mostly found in caves, indicating that this species spent more time in caves than the Brown Bear, which only uses caves for hibernation.
		Many caves in Europe have skeletons of cave bears on display, for example the Heinrichshöhle in Hemer or the Dechenhöhle in Iserlohn, Germany.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cave_Bear (351 words)

	Cave lion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Skeleton of a cave lion from the Slouper cave near Brno in the Czech Republic.
		The cave lion averaged 3.5 m (11.5 ft) in length, with a typical male weighing between 335 kg (735 lb) and 400 kg (880 lb), and a typical female weighing 175 kg (385 lb).
		Cave paintings and remains found in the refuse piles of ancient camp sites indicate that they were hunted by early humans, which may have also contributed to their demise.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cave_lion (595 words)

	Bear - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bears live in a variety of habitats from the tropics to the Arctic and from forests to snowfields.
		Bears in captivity have been to be trained to dance, box, or ride bicycles; however, this use of the animals became controversial in the late 20th century.
		A bear also features prominently in the legend of Saint Romedius, who is also said to have tamed one of these animals and had the same bear carry him from his hermitage in the mountains to the city of Trento.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bear (3001 words)

	..:RESCUE CAVE BEAR PROJECT:.. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Cave bears (Ursus spelaeus - the scientific name) inhabited caves in Europe throughout the Pleistocene, from about 300,000 to 15,000 BC, disappearing by the end of the last ice age.
		The main difference between the cave bear and the brown bear of today is the size: His weight could be up to 1 ton (1000kg), his height was 3.50m, which is about 30% bigger than the brown bear.
		In many caves all over Europe huge deposits of Cave Bear fossils have been found and Romanian caves are some of the richest in Cave bear fossil deposits.
	www.cavebear.go.ro (315 words)

	Cave Bears -- The War for Habitation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The extinction of the cave bear was a gradual process that spanned several thousand years, although the struggle for occupancy of the caves had probably been going on for much longer.
		The possibility exists that cave bears returning to hibernate may have killed humans to retake the caves, and that humans may have, in turn, killed cave bears, perhaps attacking during hibernation, to retake the caves.
		Cave bear bones and skulls have been found in caves in Choukoutien (near Beijing, China), along with the bones of numerous game animals and large predators, and evidence of hearths and campfires over which the hunters cooked their meat.
	www.personal.psu.edu /users/w/x/wxk116/cavebears (1737 words)

	Flora and Fauna of Caves: Cave Bear - Ursus spelaeus
		Cave bears used caves for many purposes: they lived there in winter, gave birth to the young and died in caves.
		The main difference between the cave bear and the brown bear of today is the size: His weight could be up to 1 ton (1000kg), his shoulder height was 3.50m, which is about 30% bigger than the brown bear.
		The forehead of the cave bear is higher and steeper than that of the brown bear.
	www.showcaves.com /english/explain/Biology/UrsusSpelaeus.html (256 words)

	The Bear
		The Etruscan bear, Ursus etruscus, gave rise to the brown bear, Ursus arctos, and the cave bear, Ursus spelaeus.
		The cave bear bone comes from Odessa, USSR; the brown bear bone belonged to an animal that lived during the penultimate glaciation (the Saalian) in Devon, England, and was found in Tornewton Cave.
		Skull of the Etruscan bear, Ursus etruscus, from the Val d'Arno in northern Italy.
	donsmaps.com /bear.html (3081 words)

	Bear Cave
		For a lengthier history of Bear Cave refer to MAR 20, Caves of Westmoreland County, Pa., available from the MAR website or from its treasurer Bette White.
		The first map of the cave was published in 1839, and subsequent maps were done in 1934 and 1960, although there are several variations of the Vic Schmidt Pittsburgh Grotto map.
		Bear Cave isn’t blessed by formations, although a careful inspection shows it was once decorated with draperies, stalactites, stalagmites and other calcite formations.
	www.karst.org /bear_cave.htm (1375 words)

	JGI - DOE JGI Sequences DNA from Extinct Cave Bear
		Cave bear skull, courtesy Gernot Rabeder, Institute of Paleontology, University of Vienna.
		The samples of cave bear bones and teeth from the study were collected from two cave locations in Austria.
		"We picked cave bear as an initial test case ancient DNA target because the samples we used in the study are roughly the same age as Neandertals," Rubin said.
	www.jgi.doe.gov /News/news_6_2_05.html (1098 words)

	CM Magazine: Ice Age Cave Bear.
		Cave floors and walls became covered with deep scratch marks made by their claws as they walked and stretched.
		According to bones and wall paintings first found in a cave in south east France in 1994, it is evident to scientists that an enormous species of bear occupied caves at the same time as the early humans who hunted them, for over 100,000 years.
		Cave bears survived until the end of the last Ice Age when they may have died out due to the change in climate and vegetation.
	www.umanitoba.ca /outreach/cm/vol10/no19/iceagecavebear.html (500 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Science/Nature \| Extinct cave bear DNA sequenced
		But the scientists hope to be able to sequence the DNA of ancient humans, which lived at the same time as cave bears, raising the prospect of perhaps one day being able to "build" a Neanderthal from their genetic blueprint.
		The cave bear was once common in Europe but died out about 10,000 years ago, when the forests shrank at the end of the last Ice Age.
		In the case of the cave bear, they used the sequence of the dog, which exists in public databases, and the DNA of modern bears, as a "magnet".
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/4602739.stm (647 words)

	Fossil Cave Bear Jaws for Sale
		As a result of this size difference, 90% of all cave bears in museums today are males, because collectors typically would keep the largest or 'best' specimen for their collections.
		Cave bears can be found in cave deposits in Europe and are often numerous (one cave yielded 30,000 specimens) because the bears would hibernate in the caves and often died during the winter.
		Typically, cave bears grew larger during glaciations and smaller during interglacials, probably to adjust from the rate of heat loss.
	www.naturepreserved.com /terrestrial_catalog/cavebear.htm (484 words)

	CAVE BEAR CLAWS CLAW
		One way to differentiate a cave bear skull from a brown bear (and all other bears for that matter) is the sheer size, first off, and also the prominence of the brow and forehead unique to the cave bear.
		Found throughout caves in Europe, the cave bear was named after the places where its remains are commonly found: caves, in the Alps, the Ardennes, the Carpathian and Ural Mountains, and in many other European mountain chains.
		It is believed that the cave bears' demise was aided by competition for food and shelter by a simultaneous existence with the brown bear.
	www.paleodirect.com /lm40.htm (586 words)

	JGI - Ancient Cave Bear DNA Successfully Sequenced
		In total, the cave bear sequences accounted for 1.1% of the sequence obtained from the tooth sample and 5.8% of that from the long-bone sample.
		To discover how useful the identified cave bear sequences might be in phylogenetic studies, the scientists generated and compared orthologous sequences from cave bear and modern brown, fl, and polar bears.
		BLAST hits from cave bear sequences to the dog genome and hits to modern human sequences differed significantly in insert length and in the percentage of the insert covered.
	www.jgi.doe.gov /science/highlights/noonan0705.html (857 words)

	Extinct cave bear DNA sequenced. 03/06/2005. ABC News Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Researchers have sequenced the DNA of two extinct cave bears and say their method is accurate enough to try doing it on extinct humans such as Neanderthals, a report says.
		The cave bears are the first extinct animals to have their genes sequenced, and the findings can be used to determine the precise relationship between the 40,000-year-old bears and living species.
		"We picked cave bear as an initial test case ancient DNA target because the samples we used in the study are roughly the same age as Neanderthals," Eddy Rubin of the US Department of Energy said, where some of the work was done.
	www.abc.net.au /news/newsitems/200506/s1383554.htm (495 words)

	Pinnacles National Monument - Status of the Bear Gulch Cave (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Although we had planned to open the cave on July 15th, a survey on July 19th showed that the bats are still raising their young, and the cave will remain closed for at least another week.
		The Bear Gulch Cave is closed seasonally to protect the Townsend's Big-eared Bat, a species of special concern in the state of California.
		The entire cave will be fully open each March and October for at least one week and up to four weeks, depending on the presence of the bats.
	www.nps.gov /pinn/visit/bgstatus.htm (579 words)

	the clan of the cave bear series (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		a summary of the allegory of the cave by plato
		plato and the republic allegory of the cave
		the clan of the cave bear of 1986
	www.cave.apple-search.org /the-clan-of-the-cave-bear-series.htm (613 words)

	Allakhazam.com: Everquest Online Adventures
		if hes married 2 a bear (wich he is))) they changed her from a lvl 25 or so npc (not sure, cant member ir was white or dblu 2 me at 25, i believe was white when i killed) now shes a 45 caster.
		Their is a pretty good gnoll cave near the bear cave almos due east of qeynos coach.
		Actually, she is in the Southwest part of the Bear Cave Zone, the cave not too far from the rat tomb in neighboring Hagley zone.
	eqoa.allakhazam.com /areas.html?eqoaarea=9 (600 words)

	The Nature Conservancy in Arkansas - Bear Hollow Cave
		Bear Hollow Cave is a karst solution tube with approximately 2,000 feet of passage, most of which is traversed by a cave stream.
		Bear Hollow Cave is one of only three caves in the world known to harbor the endangered cave crayfish (Cambarus aculabrum), making it a very high priority for conservation.
		Bear Hollow Cave was donated to the Conservancy in 1998 by Pat and John Cooper, Jr., and Cooper Communities.
	www.nature.org /wherewework/northamerica/states/arkansas/preserves/art11129.html (445 words)

	Bear Cave
		Loyalhanna Limestone in Bear Cave Hollow, at 1750 feet elevation.
		Bear Cave is formed in the Loyalhanna Limestone of Mississippian
		The cave is now closed to all groups during this time period, as is the Bear Cave parking lot.
	www.karst.org /bear_cave1.htm (3045 words)

	Show Caves of the United States: Bear Cave
		Bear Cave has a common name, there are probably hundreds of Bear Caves all over the world, but the cave itself is rather exceptional.
		Tufa cave, a primary cave which was formed together with the surrounding rock.
		A waterfall close to the exit is probably the reason for the existence of the cave and already working on the next one.
	www.showcaves.com /english/usa/showcaves/Bear.html (255 words)

	Chauvet Cave
		If the rock art in the Chauvet cave is 30,000 years old, it is the most ancient example of human art in existence and the implications for the evolution of culture are immense.
		The caves have challenged the conventional theory of the evolution of art, which states that it had crude beginnings in the Aurignacian period followed by gradual progress over thousands of years.
		The age of cave paintings used to be worked out by their subject matter, but dating based on the charcoal or pigment has become more precise in recent years.
	donsmaps.com /chauvetcave.html (3164 words)

	Discovery Channel :: News :: Cave Bear DNA Recovered (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		June 3, 2005— A portion of DNA from two 40,000-year-dead cave bears has been recovered by an international team of researchers using a technique that might soon be applied to Neanderthals.
		The bones of the Austrian cave bears were deliberately not good candidates for extracting DNA from the nucleus of cells because they contained a lot of contaminating DNA from microbes, mitochondria and perhaps even from researchers themselves, said Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's Edward Rubin, who led the work.
		But instead of trying to get cleaner cave bear bones, they used the shotgun sequencing approach: they sequenced the genes of whatever was in the bones and let computers piece together the bear genes based on what is known about the bear's closest living relative with a totally sequenced genome: the domestic dog.
	dsc.discovery.com /news/briefs/20050530/cavebear.html (470 words)

	Bear's Cave (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		While market declines are popularly associated with rapid, catastrophic losses, such as the Crash of 1929, most bear markets are not so dramatic.
		Although there is no exact definition of a bear market in terms of length of time and amount of loss, it is generally agreed that a bear lasts for a period of months or years and involves a market loss of 20 percent or more from a previous high.
		Although the early 1990s saw some brief lagging periods in the stock market, there really wasn't a bear market until the one that was "declared" in March 2001 following a general decline in stocks over the previous year.
	solution.usbank.com /ric/bear2.jsp (405 words)

	Ursus spelaeus (Cave bear) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In some Central European caves, such as the Dragon Cave near Mixnitz in Austria, bear bones were slowly amassed to a thick layer representing 30,000 animals at least.
		The cave bear and its competitor, the brown bear, had a common ancestor, called Ursus etruscus, that lived nearly 2 million years ago and was already in part herbivorous.
		Apart from their usually larger size, cave bears differ from brown bears in the form of their skull, their reduced dentition and the size relations between their limb bones.
	home.hetnet.nl /~alad/page23.html (266 words)

	CAVE BEAR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The cave bear was the most powerful carnivore of its day.
		The cave bears are part of the wildlife that existed during the last ice age along with woolly mammoths, woolly rhinos, and cave lions.
		The reason cave bears went extinct is the forests shrunk drastically so their food supply decreased.
	www.expage.com /cavebear (158 words)

	Science & Technology at Scientific American.com: Cave Bear DNA Sequencing Could Be Boon for Human Evolution Studies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Scientists have succeeded in retrieving and sequencing nuclear DNA from the bones of an extinct cave bear.
		This relative of modern brown bears and polar bears lived at the same time as the Neandertals and its remains are plentiful.
		Having demonstrated the validity of their technique on cave bear DNA, the team is hoping to apply it to other remains.
	sciam.com /article.cfm?articleID=000A2F6D-CD47-129F-BA2683414B7F4945 (416 words)

	The Clan of the Cave Bear
		He was apparently killed by a rockfall, due to one of the frequent earthquakes in the area, that fractured the ceiling of the cave.
		The brown bears of their own mountains, and of these too, averaged about three hundred and fifty pounds; the weight of a male cave bear, during the summer while he was still fairly lean, was closer to a thousand.
		At Petershöhle in the Federal Republic of Germany, Mousterian artifacts associated with Neanderthals were found in addition to 10 bear skulls in a niche inside the cave.
	geocities.com /auelpage/series/bk1clan.htm (946 words)

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