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	Pope Celestine III
		In spite of the pope the emperor proceeded southward to make good his claims to Sicily, but was defeated and compelled to retire, leaving the empress a prisoner of Tancred, who freed her at the papal petition.
		The aged Celestine astonished many by his longanimity in dealing with the young and violent Henry VI who in Germany surpassed his predecessors in cruelty and oppression of the churches.
		Celestine himself soon passed away, in the ninety-second year of his age.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/c/celestine_iii,pope.html (425 words)

	New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol. II: Basilica - Chambers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Celestine's part in the dogmatic controversies of his time was also influenced by political considerations (see Semi-Pelagianism; Nestorius).
		Celestine did not venture to excommunicate him, but did break off relations with him, though he offered reconciliation when Henry took the cross (May 31, 1195).
		Celestine's whole interest was given to the promotion of monasticism; in other things he was merely a tool in the heads of Charles, who got him to create twelve Angevin cardinals, confirm his treaty with Aragon, and supply large sums of money for the Sicilian war.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/schaff/encyc02.celestine.html?bcb=0 (1071 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Celestine
		Anagni) named Benedetto Caetani; successor of St. Celestine V. As a cardinal he was independent of the factions in the papal court, and he opposed the election of Celestine.
		Popes Celestine I and Leo I sent him to England (429, 447) to combat Pelagianism; on the first occasion he was accompanied by the deacon Palladius, first recorded missionary to Ireland.
		Occurrence of barian celestine at the Elmwood zinc deposit, Smith County, Tennessee.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Celestine (622 words)

	Pope Innocent III Biography
		During the reign of Pope Celestine III (1191-1198), a member of the House of Orsini, enemies of the counts of Segni, he left Rome to live in Anagni.
		Celestine III died in 1198 from complications of syphilis.
		This decree was afterwards embodied in the Corpus Juris Canonici.
	www.biographybase.com /biography/Innocent_III_Pope.html (952 words)

	Pope Celestine II
		Celestine II returned to Rome where he was made a deacon in 1128.
		Celestine adhered against his wishes, and Abélard was thus found guilty in Rome.
		In 1143, Celestine II was unanimously elected Pope.
	www.archelaos.com /popes/details.aspx?id=194 (427 words)

	Pope Innocent III
		Innocent III, birth name Lotario de' Conti di Segni, Roman Catholic Pope from 1198 to 1216, was the son of Trasimondo, count of Segni, and of Claricia, a Roman lady of the noble family of Scotti, and was born at Anagni about 1160.
		The election of Pope Celestine III in the following year withdrew Lotario for a while from the active work of the Curia, the new pope belonging to the family of the Orsini, who were at feud with the Scotti.
		Innocent III is one of the greatest historical figures, both in the grandeur of his aims and the force of character which brought him so near to their realization.
	www.nndb.com /people/536/000092260 (1745 words)

	History of the Mass: January 27 (19hist.htm)
		Celestine served seven years on the papal throne, dying at 94 years young, one of the oldest pontiffs ever to assume the chair of Peter.
		Celestine again, both because he was powerless and he was a man of peace, declined to do anything but pray.
		Celestine, in his old age was a wise man equal to Henry's cunning and he used delay tactics to stall Henry and the baptism, telling him once the crusade was formed he would fulfill the emperor's request.
	www.dailycatholic.org /issue/archives/1998Jan/19jan27,vol.9,no.19txt/19hist.htm (1491 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Innocent III
		One of the greatest popes of the Middle Ages, son of Count Trasimund of Segni and nephew of Clement III, born 1160 or 1161 at Anagni, and died 16 June, 1216, at Perugia.
		Shortly after the death of Alexander III (30 Aug., 1181) Lotario returned to Rome and held various ecclesiastical offices during the short reigns of Lucius III, Urban III, Gregory VIII, and Clement III.
		During the pontificate of Celestine III (1191-1198), a member of the House of the Orsini, enemies of the counts of Segni, he lived in retirement, probably at Anagni, devoting himself chiefly to meditation and literary pursuits.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/08013a.htm (4237 words)

	Pope Celestine I - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pope Celestine I was pope from 422 to 432.
		Celestine raged against the Novatians in Rome, imprisoning their bishop, and forbidding their worship.
		He was zealous in refusing to tolerate the smallest innovation on the constitutions of his predecessors, and is recognized by the church as a saint.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_Celestine_I (355 words)

	Pope Innocent III - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		After the death of Pope Alexander III (1159â“81), Lotario returned to Rome and held office during the short reigns of Lucius III (1181â“1185), Urban III (1185â“1187), Gregory VIII (1187), and Clement III (1187â“1191, possibily a relative of the Segni), reaching the rank of Cardinal Deacon of St. Sergius and Bacchus in 1190.
		During the reign of Pope Celestine III (1191â“1198), a member of the House of Orsini, who were enemies of his family, Lotario left Rome to live in Anagni.
		By the decree Venerabilem in May 1202 Innocent III made clear to the German princes his view of the relationship between the Empire and the Papacy (this decree was afterwards embodied in the Corpus Juris Canonici).
	enc.qba73.com /link-Pope_Innocent_III (2037 words)

	Pope Innocent III
		The emperor's widow Constance, who ruled over Sicily for her little son, was unable to cope singly against the Norman barons of the Sicilian Kingdom, who resented the German rule and refused to acknowledge the child-king.
		Innocent III made clear to the German princes by the Decree "Venerabilem" which he addressed to the Duke of Zähringen in May, 1202, in what relation he considered the empire to stand to the papacy.
		There was scarcely a country in Europe over which Innocent III did not in some way or other assert the supremacy which he claimed for the papacy.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/i/innocent_iii,pope.html (4218 words)

	History of the Popes
		CELESTINE I 422 -432 Two acts make the pontificate of St. Celestine outstanding: the condemnation of the Nestorian heresy and the sending of St. Patrick to Ireland.
		Celestine held a synod at Rome in 430 and condemned Nestorianism.
		SIXTUS III 432 - 440 Sixtus was one of those gentle souls who seem to exist for the purpose of binding wounds and healing bruises.
	www.geocities.com /gvwrite/popes.htm (22170 words)

	Pope Celestine III
		Celestine III, born Giacinto Bobon, Roman Catholic Pope from 1191 to 1198, was cardinal deacon of Santa Maria in Cosmedin as early as 1144, and had reached the age of eighty-five when chosen on the 30th of March 1191 to succeed Pope Clement III.
		The first pope of the house of the Orsini, his policy was marked by mildness and indecision.
		It was Celestine's purpose to lay England under the interdict; but Prince John and the barons still refused to recognize the papal legate, the bishop of Ely.
	www.nndb.com /people/034/000104719 (155 words)

	Celestine I Saint: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Celestine sent legates to the Council of Ephesus with orders not to discuss, but to judge.
		Celestine also advanced orthodoxy in the West by combatting Pelagianism in Gaul and by sending Germanus of Auxerre to Britain.
		Celestine V was so inept that he resigned after six...
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/celestine_i_saint.jsp (1472 words)

	Popes of the Roman Catholic Church - Table - MSN Encarta
		Callistus II Honorius II Celestine II Innocent II Anacletus II Victor IV Celestine II Lucius II Bl.
		Gregory IX Celestine IV Innocent IV Alexander IV Urban IV Clement IV Bl.
		The Roman numerals in the name of Felix III (II), who reigned from 483 to 492, and Felix IV (III), who reigned from 526 to 530, vary depending on the acceptance (first numeral used) or nonacceptance (second number used) of the legitimacy of Felix II.
	encarta.msn.com /media_701500629/Popes_of_the_Roman_Catholic_Church.html (609 words)

	Popes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Pope Celestine came to the rescue and by a threat of excommunication forced King Tancred to release the lady.
		Celestine did threaten the Emperor, but greedy Henry released Richard only after a king's ransom was exacted.
		Celestine acted vigorously to protect the sanctity of the marriage bond when Philip II of France tried to repudiate his Danish wife, Ingeborg.
	www.wga.hu /database/glossary/popes/celesti3.html (571 words)

	Pope's Photo Gallery (151-200)
		At the request of the Emperor Henry III of Germany he took the place of Benedict IX, after Aliard Bishop of Lyons, had declined the tiara.
		The conclave had to be held at Velletri because Rome was in the hands of the Antipope Clement III.
		The cardinals were unable to reach an agreement on his election, so the Roman Senate closed them "under lock and key" in the ancient palace of the Settizonio on the Coelian Hill.
	members.tripod.com /~cckswong/pope151_200.htm (2763 words)

	INNOCENT III
		Innocent III was in full accord with the Italian patriotism which sparked risings against the Germans left by the late Henry VI to lord it in Italy.
		Innocent III is truly remarkable for the way he retained his keen spiritual sense in the hurly-burly of business.
		If Innocent III did nothing more than enable Dominic and Francis to start their orders, he would deserve to be remembered as one who had done much for the Church and for the world.
	www.cfpeople.org /Books/Pope/POPEp174.htm (602 words)

	Celestine III - Catholic Online
		Celestine III A student of Peter Abelard, Giancinto Bobone was born c.
		As pope, Celestine blessed the Knights Templar, the Knights Hospitaller, and the Teutonic Knights.
		Celestine crowned Henry VI Holy Roman Emperor in the year of his own election to the papacy and did not excommunicate the emperor when Henry failed to return all the territory he had taken from the papal states and when he kidnapped Richard the Lion-Hearted of England.
	www.catholic.org /saints/saint.php?saint_id=899 (473 words)

	The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Creations of cardinals of the XII Century
		Excommunicated by Pope Alexander III in 1162 and 1163.
		Antipope Innocent III was elected on September 29, 1179 and deposed in January 1180.
		Alessio, subdeacon, legate of Pope Alexander III in Scotland.
	www.fiu.edu /~mirandas/consistories-xii.htm (6898 words)

	Innocent III - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		He was trained as a theologian and perhaps as a jurist, and under Celestine III (his uncle) he became (1190) a cardinal.
		He set out immediately after his election to realize his ideal of the pope as ecclesiastical ruler of the world with some secular political power.
		Original Papal Documents in England and Wales from the Accession of Pope Innocent III to the Death of Pope Benedict (1198-1304).
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Innocent3.html (874 words)

	CELESTINE III - Online Information article about CELESTINE III
		CELESTINE III - Online Information article about CELESTINE III
		Celestine did not dare so much as to threaten him with See also:
		In his last sickness Celestine wished to resign his See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /CAU_CHA/CELESTINE_III.html (498 words)

	[No title]
		Celestine's Letter to the Synod; Continuation of Session II; Session III; The Canons, with the Ancient Epitome; A Letter from the Synod to the Synod in Pamphylia; The Letter of the Synod to Pope Celestine; The Definition against the Messalians.
		And we are in communion with all those laymen and clergymen cast out or deposed by your holiness on account of the faith; for it is not right that those, who resolved to believe rightly, should suffer by your choice; for they do well in opposing you.
		But in addition, in writing and by oath, you must confess that you also anathematize those polluted and unholy dogmas of yours, and that you will hold and teach that which we all, bishops, teachers, and leaders of the people both East and West, hold.
	www.ewtn.com /library/PATRISTC/PII14-4.TXT (7735 words)

	Popes
		Honorius III was elected pope by the method of compromise.
		As a very young man he entered the ranks of the clergy and rose to be canon of St. Mary Major, cardinal-deacon and cardinal-priest.
		He was consecrated as Honorius III on July 24,1216, at Perugia and was crowned at Rome on August 61.
	gallery.euroweb.hu /database/glossary/popes/honori3.html (596 words)

	Prophecy Of The Popes - Uncyclopedia
		In 1139 he went to Rome to give an account of the affairs of his diocese to the pope, Technocratus III, who promised him stash and cash.
		While at Rome, he received the strange vision of the future wherein was unfolded before his mind the long list of illustrious pontiffs who were to rule the Church until the end of time.
		The prophecies have been shown to be pretty accurate, giving details even of the number of bunions that every Pope would have.
	uncyclopedia.org /wiki/Prophecy_Of_The_Popes (523 words)

	Celestine IV - Catholic Online
		Celestine IV Celestine IV Pope for 15 days in 1241, Celestine IV was born Goffredo Castiglione in Milan and may have been a nephew of Urban III.
		Celestine is said to have been a Cistercian and was the first pope elected in conclave.
		Not known to have committed any official acts as pope, Celestine may have died before he was crowned.
	www.catholic.org /saints/saint.php?saint_id=897 (375 words)

	12 Century
		In a council at the Lateran he renewed the excommunication for Henry IV and Clement III, who, taking advantage of the empty chair, was returned to Rome.
		Alexander did not have an easy life, because there was still a strong pro-imperial faction in Rome that was against the pope.
		He died suddenly at 32 years of age and the empire passed into the hands of his son Frederick II.
	www.italycyberguide.com /History/popes/12th.htm (753 words)

	The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Guide to documents and events (76-2005)
		The college itself dates from 1150 when Pope Eugenius III (1145-1153) formally constituted the body of advisors who had traditionally been used by the popes from among the bishops of the surrounding dioceses of rome and the clergy of the city.
		The first canon of that Council stated that "to prevent schisms in future, only the cardinals should have the right to elect the pope, and two-thirds of their votes should be required for the validity of such election.
		This catalog was done by Pietro Mallio during the pontificate of Alexander III (1159-1181).
	www.fiu.edu /~mirandas/guide-xii.htm (1061 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Celestine III
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		He was forty-seven years a cardinal when, in his eighty-fifth year, he was elected (30 March, 1191) successor of Clement III; being only a deacon he was ordained priest (13 April) and consecrated bishop the next day, respectively Holy Saturday and Easter.
		A serious crusade was the constant ideal of Pope Celestine; he confirmed the new military Order of Teutonic Knights (1191), and favoured greatly the Knights Templar and the Hospitallers.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/03478b.htm (435 words)

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