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Topic: Cell adhesion proteins

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	Cell adhesion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cells are often not found in isolation, rather they tend to stick to other cells or non-cellular components of their environment.
		Without attachment to the cytoskeleton, a cell adhesion protein that is tightly bound to a ligand would be in danger of being hydrolyzed by extracellular hydrolytic enzymes.
		Cell adhesion proteins are important for the normal functioning of living organisms.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cell_adhesion (503 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Cell membrane (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A component of every biological cell, the selectively permeable cell membrane (or plasma membrane or plasmalemma) is a thin and structured bilayer of phospholipid and protein molecules that envelopes the cell.
		In animal cells, the cell membrane establishes this separation alone, whereas in yeast, bacteria and plants an additional cell wall forms the outermost boundary, providing primarily mechanical support.
		Cells may vary the variety and the relative amounts of different lipids to maintain the fluidity of their membranes despite changes in temperature.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Cell_membrane (843 words)

	Cell adhesion molecule - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cell Adhesion Molecules (CAMs) are proteins located on the cell surface involved with the binding with other cells or with the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the process called cell adhesion.
		A member of the Ig superfamily of cell adhesion molecules, L1 is posited in the CNS to mediate cell-cell interactions in developing tissue and adult tissue.
		Cell cultures using aggregation assays have demonstrated the disruptive effects of ethanol on L1-mediated cell-cell adhesion, at concentrations of ethanol that are clinically relevant, in NG108-15 neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells, cerebellar granule cells, and murine fibroblasts transfected with human L1 (67, 68, 70).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cell_adhesion_molecule (579 words)

	Cell Membranes
		Part of every biological cell, the cell membrane is a semipermeable bilayer of phospholipids and protein molecules that envelops the cell, dividing the cytoplasm inside the cell from the environment outside it.
		In animals, the cell membrane is the outermost layer of the cell; in yeast, bacteria, and plants, a secondary cell wall surrounds the cell membrane to provide additional support.
		The cell membrane is often described as a fluid mosaic because it is not homogeneous; instead, it consists of diffusing lipids dotted with proteins functioning as channels into and out of the cell or as receptors.
	www.iscid.org /encyclopedia/Cell_Membranes (439 words)

	Cancer article - Cancer constellation Cancer (constellation) apoptosis cells mutations - What-Means.com
		Among the distinguishing traits are a large number of dividing cells, variation in nuclear size and shape, variation in cell size and shape, loss of specialized cell features, loss of normal tissue organization, and a poorly defined tumor boundary.
		Nonetheless, cell structure and the orderly arrangement of cells within the tissue remain normal, and the process of hyperplasia is potentially reversible.
		Cells that divide at a high rate, such as epithelials, show a higher risk of becoming tumor cells than those which divide less, for example neurons.
	www.what-means.com /encyclopedia/Cancer (3665 words)

	Interactive Fly, Drosophila
		The similarity of neurolin to a known cell adhesion proteins, its expression on developing retinal ganglion cells and axons in both embryos and adult fish, and its re-expression during retinal axon regeneration in the goldfish suggests that neurolin is important during axonal growth in the fish central nervous system (Laessing, 1994).
		Initially reported as a protein expressed on epithelial cells of the chicken bursa of Fabricius, BEN is expressed in a variety of tissues during development and described as a marker for the developing central and peripheral chicken nervous systems.
		DM-GRASP is a cell adhesion protein of the immunoglobulin superfamily that mediates homophilic adhesion and neurite outgrowth in vitro.
	www.sdbonline.org /fly/hjmuller/roughst2.htm (4081 words)

	Cancer -- Malignancy-- Biotechnology Stocks -
		Cell multiplication (proliferation) is a normal physiologic process that occurs in almost all tissues and under many circumstances, such as response to injury, immune responses, or to replace cells that have
		Normally the balance between proliferation and cell death is tightly regulated to ensure the integrity of organs and
		Dysplasia is an abnormal type of excessive cell proliferation characterized by loss of normal tissue arrangement and cell structure.
	www.biotech100.com /biotechnology_encyclopedia/malignant.htm (3493 words)

	Prof. Peter Lipke (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Two cell adhesion molecules bind the two yeast mating types together during conjugation, in common with cell adhesion proteins involved in fertilization, neurogenesis, and immune response.
		Since the adhesion molecules are anchored in the cell wall, we are also exploring the mechanism of cell wall biogenesis, using the adhesion molecules as markers.
		Lipke, P.N. Cell adhesion molecules in the non-vertebrate eukaryotes.
	biology.hunter.cuny.edu /lipke/default.htm (865 words)

	Differential expression of cell-cell adhesion proteins and cyclin D in MEK1-transdifferentiated MDCK cells -- Marschitz ...
		Cells were grown in the presence of 10% FCS, fixed, rinsed thoroughly, and finally stained with a monoclonal E-cadherin antibody.
		Cells were grown in the presence of 10% FCS, fixed, rinsed thoroughly, and stained with a monoclonal E-cadherin antibody.
		of proteins that are crucial for the assembly of actin-based adherens
	ajpcell.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/279/5/C1472 (5510 words)

	New DNA-based cell adhesion strategy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A new technique in which single strands of synthetic DNA are used to firmly fasten biological cells to non-biological surfaces has been developed by researchers with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and the University of California at Berkeley.
		Many of the vast assortment of biological cells are naturally sticky, a property that enables individual cells to adhere to other cells and non-cellular components, which in turn enables them to assemble into different types of tissue, or carry out functions critical to an organism's health and well-being.
		Cell adhesion is now being used to incorporate biological cells into simple devices, but is expected to be important for the future production of complex nanotechnology devices.
	www.news-medical.net /?id=15832 (1143 words)

	The Cell Membrane (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Proteins that are found in the bilayer are receptor proteins, which deal with communication, recognition proteins and transport proteins that regulate the movement of water and soluble molecules through the membrane.
		In order to regulate the transport of molecules, there are two types of proteins in the cell: carrier proteins and transport proteins.
		The cell membrane recieves signals through receptors from the outside environment and transmits a signal to organells within the cell.
	sun.menloschool.org /~cweaver/cells/c/cell_membrane (338 words)

	CCBTP-Campbell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Ras proteins are members of a large superfamily of Ras-related proteins that are key regulators of signal transduction pathways that control normal cell growth.
		Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) is a 125 kDa protein that co-localizes with integrins at focal adhesions upon cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix.
		Vinculin is a multi-domain protein that plays a pivotal role in dynamic cell adhesion and signaling processes that are required for cell migration, tissue morphogenesis and embryonic development.
	cancer.med.unc.edu /cancer-cell/CAMPBELL.html (697 words)

	Electrotactins: Adhesion Proteins with Conserved Elec./Struct. Motifs
		Recently the extracellular domains of a number of cell adhesion proteins, such as gliotactin (GLI), neurotactin (NRT) and neuroligin (NL), were reported to have high sequence similarity (roughly 60% similarity and 50% identity) with those of cholinesterases, enzymes that hydrolize the neutrotransmitter acetylcholine and related molecules in nerve synapses.
		It might be interesting to examine the electrostatic properties of these adhesion proteins to see if they might have an analogous region of negative potential on their surfaces.
		For all three adhesion proteins, we found a very similar pattern of negative potential to that found in the ChE's, that becomes increasing negative as one approaches the gorge axis.
	www.weizmann.ac.il /home/csfelder/electrotac.html (743 words)

	Faculty - Department of Cellular and Structural Biology - University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
		The limited division of normal cells in culture is proposed as a model for cell aging.
		To understand the molecular and genetic basis for this loss of cell division in normal cells, we have chosen to study abnormal human cells (tumor derived, virus transformed) that have escaped from senescence and proliferate indefinitely (immortal).
		Cell culture of normal and immortal human and mouse cells, use of genetically modified mice, immunostaining and histochemistry, molecular and biochemical techniques: Southern, northern, western, immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, PCR, real time PCR, plasmid constructs, adenoviral constructs.
	www.uthscsa.edu /csb/faculty/pereira.asp (537 words)

	Biofundamentals - Cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion
		A tight junction is composed of strands of integral membrane proteins that seal off the space between adjacent cells.
		The strands of the tight junction proteins also restrict the movement of proteins within the plane of the membrane.
		It establishes an asymmetry to the epithelium and the epithelial cell.
	www.virtuallaboratory.net /OmniaCellula/Contents/Topic6-3_Adhesion.htm (696 words)

	Adhesion Protein Protocols, Vol. 96 - PowerBookSearch!
		The methods, usable by both novice and experienced researchers, are directied to identifying and cloning new adhesion proteins, producing inhibitors of adhesive activity, developing biological models for the assay of cell-to-matrix and cell-to-cell adhesion in vitro, and measuring signaling activities of adhesion proteins.
		Their cutting edge methods will enable both novice and experienced researchers readily to identify and clone new adhesion proteins, to successfully produce inhibitors of the adhesive activity, to develop biological models for the assay of cell-to-matrix and cell-to-cell adhesion in vitro, and to measure the signaling activities of adhesion proteins.
		There are two points missing that would have made this book much stronger: methods describing the expression of adhesion molecules in primary endothelial tissue culture cells by transfection or by viral infection; and conditions for in vitro differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells to endothelial and lymphocyte lineages.
	www.powerbooksearch.com /booksearch0896034178.html (946 words)

	Amazon.com: Cell Adhesion (Frontiers in Molecular Biology): Books: Mary C. Beckerle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Cell adhesion plays a central role in development and disease.
		Cell adhesion to particular ligands can affect cytoskeletal organization and cell polarity, cell proliferation, and gene expression.
		In the second section, the molecular organization and function of junctional complexes, regions of the cell surface that are highly specialized for cell adhesion, are examined.
	www.amazon.com /Cell-Adhesion-Frontiers-Molecular-Biology/dp/0199638721 (746 words)

	cell adhesion molecules
		These proteins are located in the cell membrane, where they function as receptors, or they are stored in the cytoplasm.
		The cytoskeletal proteins that colocalize with integrins at the cell focal adhesion complex include talin, vinculin, and paxillin.
		Adhesion proteins and the control of cell shape.
	www.humpath.com /article.php3?id_article=4 (663 words)

	Research Statement
		These proteins, which are distinct from yet resemble cadherin cell adhesion proteins, are expressed with a remarkable specificity: Neurons of identical lineage in close proximity to each other appear to choose one or a few protocadherins to express (of the 52 in the genome), and this choice differs from one cell to the next.
		Protocadherins are localized primarily at synapses, suggesting the possibility that their differential adhesion may be important in wiring neural circuits.
		To investigate this possibility, we have produced specific antibodies to 15 of the 52 protocadherins, and using immunohistochemistry are in the process of correlating the expression of these proteins with the known neural circuits of the retina.
	cpmcnet.columbia.edu /dept/eye/research/shapiro_re.html (239 words)

	Amelogenin is a Cell Adhesion Protein -- Hoang et al. 81 (7): 497 -- Journal of Dental Research
		Cell adhesion assays were carried out as described in the text, with MG63 cells, and results are presented as the means and standard deviations of 3 determinations.
		Note that the rounded cells in Panels A-C were attached well enough to resist washing of the plate, while the rounded cells in the control (Panel D) would have been removed if the plate had been washed.
		Biochemical characterization of recombinant mouse amelogenins: protein quantitation, proton absorption, and relative affinity for enamel crystals.
	jdr.iadrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/81/7/497 (1870 words)

	APStracts 2:0283C, 1995.
		Structural and functional differences among epithelial cells of kidney nephrons may be regulated by variations in cell-cell and cell -substratum junctions.
		Plakoglobin is also present in capillary endothelial cells where staining for the other catenins and desmosomal proteins is not observed.
		These data indicate that plakoglobin and [beta]-catenin subserve distinct functions in cell-cell adhesion and suggest that E-cadherin-mediated contacts generate a basal level of cell-cell adhesion while desmosomal junctions provide additional strength to cell-cell contacts in the distal nephron.
	www.uth.tmc.edu /apstracts/1995/cell/July/283c.html (144 words)

	cell junctions and adhesion
		In vitro such dispersed cells will often spontaneously reassembly into structures very similar to the original tissue suggesting that these structures are actively maintained and stabilized by these interactions.
		Either between cells (cell-cell adherens) or between cell and matrix (focal contacts)- the connection of matrix to actin filament at FOCAL contact occurs thru the interaction of a specfic set of TM protein known as intregrins.
		here the adhesion belts of adjacent cells are directly opposed and the interacting PM are held together by TM linkers which are members of the Cadherin family of Ca2+ dependent cell adhesion proteins.
	www.cas.vanderbilt.edu /bsci201/juntionsAdhesion.html (2604 words)

	Cell Adhesion and Cell-Cell Communication
		Adhesion is so important and seen in so many areas of an organism's life
		Anchored to cell by cytoplasmic microfilaments (fig 12.9)
		- Cadherins anchored to cell cytoskeleton by catenins
	mason.gmu.edu /~dcupo/CellAdhesion.htm (423 words)

	Cell Surface and Transcriptional Characterization of Human Adipose-Derived Adherent Stromal (hADAS) Cells -- Katz et ...
		Cell Surface and Transcriptional Characterization of Human Adipose-Derived Adherent Stromal (hADAS) Cells -- Katz et al.
		Cell Surface and Transcriptional Characterization of Human Adipose-Derived Adherent Stromal (hADAS) Cells
		Cell, August 1, 2006; 17(8): 3543 - 3556.
	stemcells.alphamedpress.org /cgi/content/abstract/23/3/412 (338 words)

	Cell Adhesion & Extracellular Matrix - BioChemWeb.org
		Cell Biology Web Pages: Adhesion Molecules - Overview of types of adhesion and the molecules involved.
		Inflammation: The Leukocyte Adhesion Cascade - Information on luekocyte adhesion and the involvement of integrins, selectins and immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules (CAMs).
		The Bacterial Cell Wall - "The bacterial cell wall is a unique structure which surrounds the cell membrane.
	www.biochemweb.org /adhesion_ecm.shtml (494 words)

	All Cell Adhesion Proteins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		ICC, IHC-Fr, WB 66 kDa neurofilament protein, Alpha Inx, Internexin neuronal intermediate filame...
		WB 66 kDa neurofilament protein, Alpha Inx, Internexin neuronal intermediate filame...
		ICC/IF, WB 66 kDa neurofilament protein, Alpha Inx, Internexin neuronal intermediate filame...
	www.abcam.com /?c=349 (831 words)

	Nikon MicroscopyU: Fluorescence Microscopy Digital Image Gallery - Male Rat Kangaroo Kidney Epithelial Cells (PtK2 Line)
		The technique of double immunofluorescence was employed to simultaneously label a log phase culture of PtK2 cells with mouse anti-tubulin and rabbit anti-beta-catenin primary antibodies, followed by goat anti-mouse and anti-rabbit secondary antibodies conjugated to Cy3 and Cy2, respectively.
		Tubulin is the basic component of microtubules and members of the catenin family of peripheral cytosolic proteins bind selectively to the highly conserved cytoplasmic tail domain of the cell-to-cell adhesion cadherin proteins.
		The culture was counterstained with Hoechst 33258, targeting cell nuclei.
	www.microscopyu.com /galleries/fluorescence/cells/ptk2/ptk2large9.html (167 words)

	Differential expression of cell-cell adhesion proteins and cyclin D in MEK1-transdifferentiated MDCK cells -- Marschitz ...
		Overexpression of a constitutively active mutant of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase MEK1 (caMEK1) in epithelial
		In both cell types, the proteasome-specific protease inhibitors
		of C7caMEK1 cells is associated with a diminished expression of
	ajpcell.physiology.org /cgi/content/abstract/279/5/C1472 (318 words)

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