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Topic: Cell cycle

Related Topics

Cell growth

Cell division

G1 phase

G2 phase

Cell

Cell (biology)

Cytokinesis

Stem cell

M phase

Cleavage furrow

Biological cell

P53

S phase

Mitosis

Spindle checkpoint

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	Cell cycle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The cell cycle, or cell-division cycleor the daughter cyles (CDC), is the series of events in a eukaryotic cell between one hundred cell division and the next.
		A specialized form of cell division is responsible for cellular differentiation during embryogenesis and morphogenesis, as well as for the maintenance of stem cells during adult life.
		The exact mechanism of cytokinesis is highly organism- and cell type-dependent; for example, in plant cells surrounded by a rigid cell wall, cytokinesis occurs via the formation of a cell plate, while animal cells are "pinched" in two by a ring formed from a structural protein called actin.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cell_cycle (1710 words)

	The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
		Although cell growth is usually a continuous process, DNA is synthesized during only one phase of the cell cycle, and the replicated chromosomes are then distributed to daughter nuclei by a complex series of events preceding cell division.
		In most cells, this coordination between different phases of the cell cycle is dependent on a system of checkpoints and feedback controls that prevent entry into the next phase of the cell cycle until the events of the preceding phase have been completed.
		Several cell cycle checkpoints function to ensure that incomplete or damaged chromosomes are not replicated and passed on to daughter cells (Figure 14.8).
	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /books/bv.fcgi?tool=bookshelf&call=bv.View..ShowSection&searchterm=cell&rid=cooper.section.2449 (2749 words)

	The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle and Cancer
		The two cell division events that need to be controlled are the entry into the S-phase when DNA is replicated, and the entry into the M-phase when mitosis occurs.
		Cell cycle research has primarily been performed on mutant strains of the fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) and the budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisae) that have genetic lesions in some phase of the cell cycle.
		The cell cycle in yeast has two points where it is committed to proceed to the next stage in the cycle.
	www.ndsu.nodak.edu /instruct/mcclean/plsc431/cellcycle/cellcycl1.htm (1045 words)

	Cell Cycle
		In eukaryotic cells the process of cell proliferation, the cell cycle, is characterized by four distinct phases.
		G1 Phase: During the first phase (G1) cells grow in size and are receptive to extracellular signals, such as soluble growth factors and intracellular contact, which may trigger a commitment to entering the next phase of the cell cycle.
		In addition we seek to determine whether cell cycle gene activation in one cell type leads to the regulation of activities of adjacent or distant cells to permit coordinated control of cells within a tissue or organ.
	www.fhcrc.org /labs/fero/CellCycle.html (970 words)

	Cell Cycle: An Interactive Animation
		During development from stem to fully differentiated, cells in the body alternately divide (mitosis) and "appear" to be resting (interphase).
		An important cell cycle control mechanism activated during this period (G1 Checkpoint) ensures that everything is ready for DNA synthesis.
		All of the cell's energy is focused on the complex and orderly division into two similar daughter cells.
	www.cellsalive.com /cell_cycle.htm (395 words)

	The Cell Cycle & Mitosis Tutorial
		The cell cycle is an ordered set of events, culminating in cell growth and division into two daughter cells.
		Non-dividing cells not considered to be in the cell cycle.
		Cancer is a disease where regulation of the cell cycle goes awry and normal cell growth and behavior is lost.
	www.biology.arizona.edu /cell_bio/tutorials/cell_cycle/cells2.html (306 words)

	Control of the Cell Cycle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		In adults, only a small proportion of cells are in the active growth cycle, proliferating in order to replace cells that have died as a consequence of normal cell turnover or tissue damage.
		It is obvious that in most exponentially growing populations of cells, cells must grow by a factor of 2 between successive divisions in order to ensure that the mass of the 2 daughter cells (including all their constituent parts) will equal that of the mother cell prior to division.
		Each normal cell must constantly be consulting the signals emanating from its neighbors in order to ensure that the community of cells as a whole behaves like a well-integrated, co-ordinated team rather than a loose collection of randomly behaving, ''selfish'' individuals.
	web.mit.edu /esgbio/www/cb/cell_cycle.html (1427 words)

	BookRags: Cell Cycle Summary
		The cell cycle is the process by which a cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and divides into identical daughter cells.
		Other cells, such as those that make up the endocrine glands, as well as liver cells, certain renal (kidney) tubular cells, and cells that belong to connective tissue, exist in a nonreplicating state but can enter the cell cycle after receiving signals from external stimuli.
		After the restriction point, the cell is committed to replicating its genome and dividing, completing one round of the cell cycle.
	www.bookrags.com /research/cell-cycle-gen-01 (1540 words)

	Cell Cycle Packets
		The cell cycle is the process by which cells are created, grow, and finally die.
		The LONGEST phase in the cell cycle is _________________ because ________________________________________________________.
		The SHORTEST phase in the cell cycle is _________________.
	houck.salkeiz.k12.or.us /student.assignments/cell.cycle.packets.htm (689 words)

	Cell Cycle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		As the cell approaches anaphase, the condensing and adhesion proteins are digested by protease and topoisomerase activity resulting in the separation of the sister chromatids at the centromere.
		These openings allow the cytosol of adjacent cells to be continuous and for solutes and particles of 1.5-2.0 nm to pass from cell to cell.
		These cell cycle control proteins add a ubiquitin polymer to the cyclin, marking them for destruction by the 26S proteasome, a complex of proteases.
	koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu /Plant_Physiology/cellcycle.html (1614 words)

	Cell Cycle & Cytokinesis - BioChemWeb.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle and Cancer - Introduction to the eukaryotic cell cycle as it relates to the genetics of cancer.
		Cell Cycle 3: The G2-M Transition - "Cyclin A, cyclin B, cdc2, Wee kinase and cdc25 phosphatase."
		Yeast Cell Cycle Analysis Project - The goal of this project is to identify all genes whose mRNA levels are regulated by the cell cycle.
	www.biochemweb.org /cell_cycle.shtml (759 words)

	The Cell Cycle
		The cell seems to monitor the presence of the Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand during DNA replication.
		Aneuploidy is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells suggesting that failure of the spindle checkpoint is a major step in the conversion of a normal cell into a cancerous one.
		cell is often called "quiescent", but that is probably more a reflection of the interests of the scientists studying the cell cycle than the cell itself.
	home.comcast.net /~john.kimball1/BiologyPages/C/CellCycle.html (1290 words)

	The Science Creative Quarterly » THE CELL CYCLE: A UNIVERSAL CELLULAR DIVISION PROGRAM
		The cycle of duplication and division is known as the cell cycle [2].
		Gap phases constitute a decision making period for the cell [6] It is within these phases that molecular events within the cell will determine whether to initiate M phase (during G2), S phase (during G1), or to extend the gap for a longer period and allow further cell growth.
		Separation of the cell’s chromosomes is the key requirement to producing two genetically identical daughter cells, a requirement that is accomplished during M phase of the cell cycle [5].
	www.scq.ubc.ca /?p=248 (1541 words)

	Cell Cycle: The cellular crisis
		Cell Cycle exists to counter the careless and unnecessary trend of improper cell phone disposal.
		The increasing use of cell phones throughout the U.S. and the rest of the world raises the importance of innovative recycling and reuse strategies.
		Cell Cycle makes a positive impact on this trend by combining and integrating the efforts of many.
	www.cellularcycle.com /cellcrisis.asp (102 words)

	Cell-cycle regulation
		During the larval stages, divisions of the hypodermal seam cells generate daughter seam cells as well as hypodermal cells that fuse with the major hypodermal syncytium hyp7 (Sulston and Horvitz, 1977).
		For instance, the cell cycle is arrested and cell death may be triggered in response to DNA damage, progress into mitosis is halted when DNA replication is ongoing, and sister-chromatid separation is delayed until all kinetochores are attached to the spindle.
		Vulval cells in cye-1 mutants undergo normal differentiation and morphogenesis of the vulva, despite delayed and fewer division cycles (Fay and Han, 2000).
	www.wormbook.org /chapters/www_cellcyclereguln/cellcyclereguln.html (6638 words)

	Cell cycle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The cell cycle is the well-ordered sequence of events encompassing the time a cell takes to divides into two daughter cells.
		At several points in the cell cycle (checkpoints) the cell makes sure the process is occuring correctly.
		These cell cycle checkpoints are important in preventing mistakes in cell division.
	bioweb.wku.edu /courses/Biol115/Wyatt/wku/cellcycle.htm (228 words)

	SparkNotes: The Cell Cycle: Components of the Cell Cycle
		Mitosis is the part of the cell cycle when the cell prepares for and completes cell division.
		Cells are continually entering and exiting the various phases of the cycle.
		Cell growth continues through S phase, as does the rate of synthesis of a number of proteins and enzymes that are involved in DNA synthesis.
	www.sparknotes.com /biology/cellreproduction/cellcycle/section1.html (717 words)

	CELL DIVISION: BINARY FISSION AND MITOSIS
		The Cell Cycle is the sequence of growth, DNA replication, growth and cell division that all cells go through.
		Most cells are observed in Interphase, the longest part of the cell cycle.
		Cancer cells are those which undergo a series of rapid divisions such that the daughter cells divide before they have reached "functional maturity".
	www.emc.maricopa.edu /faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookmito.html (1365 words)

	Control of the Cell Cycle
		In adults, only a small proportion of cells is in the active growth cycle, proliferatislg in order to replace cells that have died as a consequence of normal cell turnover or tissue damage.
		Such study is virtually impossible if we peer into the compled envronment of a living tissue where a cell co-exists with a multitude of cell types in the midst of a complex tissue architecture.
		Instead, we are forced to study isolated cells growing in a culture dish, where we can control cell number and define the extracellular ennronment of each cell.
	www.bgsu.edu /departments/chem/midden/MITBCT/cb/cell_cycle.html (1427 words)

	Cell Cycle 2002
		When the cell is not dividing, the DNA in the nucleus (the genome) is in use, being read by the cell's gene expression machinery.
		It is easy to see the large structures (chromosomes) moving during mitosis, while during the rest of the cycle the cell can appear to be quiescent.
		Once the cell has made the decision to divide, the timing of cell cycle progression, from G1 to mitosis, is regulated by moilecular control systems.
	faculty.evansville.edu /be6/b1072/enotes/cellcycle/cc2002.html (608 words)

	U.Va. Researchers Discover Vital Steps in the Cell Cycle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		DNA is the mission control of our cells, but how our genetic template knows what to do, how to replicate and divide faithfully to each daughter cell, has been a long-standing mystery.
		Because cancer is a disease in which regulation of the cell cycle goes awry, a better understanding of these processes should lead to new cancer treatments, Allis explained.
		Together these studies underscore that the normal regulation of certain enzymes are vital to cell division and replication and that inappropriate regulation of their activities is closely associated with the formation of cancer, Allis said.
	www.healthsystem.virginia.edu /internet/news/Archives00/cell_cycle.cfm (802 words)

	CELL REPRODUCTION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The DNA in a human cell is estimated to consist of six billion pairs of nucleotides.
		Cell Division is One Phase of the Cell Cycle.
		Interphase is the LONGEST Phase in the Cell Cycle of a typical Cell.
	www.sirinet.net /~jgjohnso/reprod.html (2666 words)

	CancerQuest : Cell Division : The Cell Cycle
		This refers to the fact that nothing very obvious is occurring in the nucleus of the cells during these stages.
		This is the phase of the cell cycle in which the DNA is copied or replicated.
		This is the stage of the cell cycle in which the cell actually divides into two daughter cells.
	www.cancerquest.org /index.cfm?page=58 (150 words)

	Mitosis: An Interactive Animation
		This is the longest period of the complete cell cycle during which DNA replicates, the centrioles divide, and proteins are actively produced.
		Microtubules of the cytoskeleton, responsible for cell shape, motility and attachment to other cells during interphase, disassemble.
		Anaphase: Spindle fibers shorten, the kinetichores separate, and the chromatids (daughter chromosomes) are pulled apart and begin moving to the cell poles.
	www.cellsalive.com /mitosis.htm (350 words)

	Cell Cycle
		For researchers who want to do cell cycle research at their benchtop, Guava Cell Cycle software can be used for measuring G0/G1, S, and G2/M phase distributions.
		Cell cycle software includes markers that can be set for quick assessment of G0/G1, S, and G2/M phase cell cycle percentages as data is being collected.
		Whether you are a researcher exploring the mitotic pathway, or evaluating novel compounds for cancer therapies, you will appreciate the ease and convenience of doing cell cycle studies, right in your lab.
	www.guavatechnologies.com /main/products/cellcycle-software.cfm (134 words)

	Cell Cycle and Cancer
		Hormones bind to specific cell receptors, which are internalized to regulate gene expression and cell growth.
		Peter Keng, Ph.D. Effects of radiation and chemotherapeutic agents on DNA repair and cell cycle regulation.
		Hartmut Land, Ph.D. Carcinogenesis is caused by multiple cooperating genetic lesions, leading to a progressive deregulation of intra-cellular signaling and cell cycle control.
	dbb.urmc.rochester.edu /bcbp/research_areas/ra_cell_cycle.htm (592 words)

	Cell cycle
		What will be presented is a simplified description of the cell division according to the present bio-science concept, as it is put in connection with the life cycle and development of organisms, based on new cells formed through division, followed by growth, differentiation and death.
		The coming webpages will comment on the mechanisms of normal cell division, called mitosis, in which mother and daughter cells are in principle identical.
		Furtheron, attention will be paid to meiosis, a special type of division related to the formation of genetically diverse daughter cells involved in sexual reproduction (examples of alternation of generation in the life cycle of various organisms).
	www.vcbio.science.ru.nl /eng/virtuallessons/cellcycle (222 words)

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